Episode Transcript
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We were getting
3:09
close to signing
3:11
the deal and then
3:13
the pandemic hit.
3:15
And the deal was off.
3:18
They pulled the deal. It
3:20
was like, oh my God,
3:22
you know, we thought it
3:24
was bad enough going through
3:26
like 9-11 and then, you
3:28
know, 2008 crash. The pandemic
3:30
was just like, Dennis' practice
3:32
closed, so far as doors
3:34
closed. I think I was
3:36
laying on the floor thinking,
3:39
I can't believe this, I
3:41
can't believe this, are we going
3:43
to lose our company? Welcome
3:53
to How I Built This a
3:55
show about innovators entrepreneurs idealists and
3:57
the stories behind the movement they
4:00
built. I'm Guy Ross and
4:02
on the show today how
4:04
Dennis Gross filled a white
4:07
space and skincare by perfecting
4:09
the peel and how he
4:11
and his wife Kerry grew
4:14
their first product into a
4:16
450 million dollar brand. You
4:18
may remember a few years
4:21
ago seeing a space-age-looking beauty device
4:23
that went absolutely viral on Tiktak.
4:25
It was a plastic face mask
4:27
that makes you sort of look
4:30
like a neon glowing C3PO. The
4:32
glow comes from these red and
4:34
blue LED lights which are meant
4:36
to reduce acne and make your
4:39
skin look younger and smoother. Anyway,
4:41
this particular mask I'm talking about
4:43
was designed by a brand called
4:45
Dr. Dennis Gross Skin Care. It's
4:48
a bit of a clunky name,
4:50
I'll admit, but it's also been
4:52
the brand's superpower. Because Dennis Gross
4:54
is a real person, a real
4:57
doctor, a real dermatologist who's been
4:59
making and selling a line of
5:01
skin care products for more than
5:03
25 years. But in the early
5:06
days there wasn't a brand at
5:08
all. There was just Dennis and
5:10
his patients at his clinic in
5:12
New York. Now, back in the
5:15
1990s, skin peel started to take
5:17
off, especially among affluent women in
5:19
New York. But the process would
5:21
often leave their skin blotchy and
5:24
red for a few days afterwards.
5:26
So, Dennis decided to come up
5:28
with his own formula. Ideally, a
5:30
recipe that would be as effective
5:33
without the splotchy side effects. His
5:35
formula became so popular that he
5:37
decided to come up with a
5:39
consumer version. And this is where
5:42
Kerry comes in. because she is
5:44
Dennis's partner in life and in
5:46
business. And together, they came up
5:48
with a plan to turn Dennis'
5:51
dermatology expertise into a skin care
5:53
brand. In the early years, they
5:55
funded the business mainly from Dennis'
5:57
income, and for the first two
6:00
decades, the brand was entirely bootstrapped
6:02
and relatively small for much
6:04
of that time. But in
6:07
2023, the cosmetics giant Shiseido
6:09
acquired Dr. Dennis Groes skincare
6:12
in a monster deal worth
6:14
around $450 million. As for
6:16
Dennis and Kerry, they were both
6:18
born in the late 1950s. Dennis
6:21
grew up in New York City
6:23
and Kerry in California. By the
6:25
early 90s, they were both living
6:28
in New York. Kerry was working
6:30
as a fashion buyer for Nordstrom
6:32
and Dennis had just started his
6:34
own dermatology practice and they were
6:37
about to find out that they
6:39
were neighbors. We were living in
6:41
the same apartment building on Third Avenue
6:43
in New York City. I had moved
6:46
in just a few months before and
6:48
so it took us a couple months
6:50
I guess to end up at the
6:53
elevator at the exact same moment. And
6:55
that's how you met. Yes, just at
6:57
the elevator, right? Okay, but normally, I
7:00
mean, you just push the elevator button
7:02
and then you get in the elevator
7:04
and you might look down or, you
7:07
know, today people look at their phones,
7:09
but, you know, this is night, early 90s,
7:11
you look up at the ceiling. But
7:13
that didn't happen. What, no, what, yeah.
7:15
I tell my kids all the time, if
7:17
there were cell phones back then, I
7:20
probably never would have had a
7:22
conversation with your dad. So I mean,
7:24
The story was from my point
7:26
of view is, so here I am,
7:28
this bachelor, and I was coming up
7:31
Third Avenue, as I always said on
7:33
a Friday. I remember to this day,
7:35
it was a Friday, and I walk
7:37
in the lobby, and there's Carrie
7:40
talking to the doorman, talking
7:42
to Orlando, and I was
7:44
literally struck by her. First of
7:47
all, she looked incredible. She's wearing
7:49
this incredible, like, mid-length skirt
7:51
and these crazy, sexy, blue-swaid
7:53
mules, as they were called,
7:55
and she had her dry
7:57
cleaning draped over her arms.
7:59
And she was talking to Orlando,
8:02
and I just was moved by
8:04
how she was so friendly to
8:06
him. You know, it wasn't like
8:08
the door man has hired help.
8:10
She was engaged in conversation. They
8:12
were laughing. They were talking. And
8:14
in any event, yeah, we wrote
8:16
up the elevator. And she looked
8:18
at me, and she looked at
8:20
me. And she looked at me.
8:22
I said, yeah, I'm tired. It
8:24
was Friday afternoon. And that was
8:26
it. That was the end of
8:28
the conversation. But I got off
8:30
my floor, I got up at
8:32
six, and I watched to see
8:35
what floor she got out of,
8:37
and she got off at 18
8:39
or 19. And this was not
8:41
me. This was a moment where
8:43
something was more powerful than what
8:45
had led my bachelor life before.
8:47
I got onto that intercom. I
8:49
called Orlando in the lobby. I
8:51
said, I just wrote up the
8:53
elevator. with this woman, what's her
8:55
story? And he said, oh, Orlando
8:57
said, oh, that's Carrie. She's great.
8:59
She doesn't have a boyfriend. She's
9:01
really nice. You too should really
9:03
meet her. So he intercombs me
9:05
back a few minutes later and
9:07
says, hey, I got Carrie right
9:10
here. You want to talk to
9:12
her? And Orlando puts her on
9:14
the phone. And I said, hi,
9:16
I'm the guy who said was
9:18
tired. Do you want to go
9:20
off for dinner sometime? Let me
9:22
think about it and she gave
9:24
me her work number, which was
9:26
kind of crazy because you think
9:28
about it I know where you
9:30
live I know your name It's
9:32
like okay. Fine. Let me call
9:34
you at work. But this is
9:36
pre cell phones. Yeah. Yeah. So
9:38
three weeks later I got to
9:40
go out with Carrie so we
9:42
went out to turn nice well.
9:45
It's funny that I have a
9:47
slightly different memories of what happened,
9:49
but I definitely remember looking at
9:51
him and he had a doctor's
9:53
bag in his hand and his
9:55
head was leaning against the wall
9:57
and he was looking at me.
9:59
It was a little uncomfortable, but
10:01
I was just friendly. Yeah. So
10:03
you guys, so you grew... to
10:05
go on a date. And obviously,
10:07
Kerry, you've learned that Dennis is
10:09
a dermatologist, and Dennis, you learn
10:11
about Kerry's background. And what do
10:13
you guys remember about? I mean,
10:15
what did you talk about? Where
10:17
did you connect over? Skin. Are
10:20
you kidding? So I grew up
10:22
in California. I had sun damage.
10:24
I was on the beach almost
10:26
my entire life or a tennis
10:28
court. I was in my 30s
10:30
and I was seeing signs of
10:32
aging and I was spending a
10:34
lot of time and energy and
10:36
money on my skin. So I
10:38
would shop the beauty counters, I
10:40
would go to spas, and I
10:42
thought I was doing the best
10:44
I could. And then I met
10:46
Dennis and had a conversation about
10:48
what was really happening with my
10:50
skin and what my future was
10:52
going to look like. And I
10:55
have to tell you, he gave
10:57
me such hope and optimism because
10:59
in my experience, I went to
11:01
a dermatologist for Poison Ivy. You
11:03
know, I didn't think of them
11:05
as the healthy aging gurus that
11:07
they are today. So it was
11:09
really a very, very exciting dinner
11:11
for me. Yeah, I mean on
11:13
that point. I mean, at that
11:15
time, the early 90s, right? I
11:17
mean, most people went to dermatologists
11:19
for rashes or, you know, Poison
11:21
Ivy or certain diseases of the
11:23
skin, right? They didn't go necessarily
11:25
for, you know, things that people
11:27
go to for today, like potok
11:30
treatment or, you know, skin care,
11:32
right? I mean, it really wasn't
11:34
about that in any way at
11:36
all, was it? No. That's right.
11:38
The whole cosmetic... component of dermatology
11:40
at that time was in its
11:42
infancy. Very little in the way
11:44
of active ingredients, but it was
11:46
growing. You know, there was a,
11:48
there was a, there was a
11:50
little bit of movement there. I
11:52
certainly was seeing it in my
11:54
practice, but it was actually through
11:56
this conversation that I had with
11:58
Kerry that we both together sort
12:00
of learned about the opportunity and
12:02
the state of the art on
12:05
the last. of the science and
12:07
the white space basically. Yeah, tell
12:09
me about that. I mean, in
12:11
the early 90s, if you, you
12:13
know, imagine like most people who
12:15
had a sort of a skin
12:17
care regimen would get some creams
12:19
and, you know, at the department
12:21
store. They would go to the
12:23
department store and they would, you
12:25
know, decide between Estillader and Lancome
12:27
and it was moisturizers, basically. And
12:29
the serums were just in their
12:31
infancy, I think. But there were
12:33
no indie brands. There was no
12:35
disruption, so to speak. And there
12:37
was really nothing with an active
12:40
ingredient. Yeah, explain that. I mean,
12:42
Dennis, when you were looking at
12:44
the ingredients of what was available
12:46
over the counter, what would an
12:48
active ingredient be that you weren't
12:50
seeing? Yeah, that's what we did
12:52
for fun. We used to look
12:54
at labels together. you know, she
12:56
literally would say, what about this
12:58
one? What about this one? Is
13:00
this going to do it? I
13:02
would bring products home like every
13:04
week. And I was amazed at
13:06
how little there was in terms
13:08
of efficacy built into the actual
13:10
product. A lot of it struck
13:12
me as being packaging and promise,
13:15
but in terms of really delivering
13:17
what could be done to the
13:19
skin, I felt like there is
13:21
so much. more possible. So it
13:23
was through our relationship and our
13:25
conversations that we really started to
13:27
think, you know, like what could
13:29
be done here. And in my
13:31
practice, again, I was seeing it
13:33
too. And the real thing that
13:35
was going on was it was
13:37
the beginning of the lunchtime peals
13:39
in dermatology. Yeah, what was that?
13:41
Tell me about that. It was
13:43
the idea of doing something to
13:45
a patient. by the dermatologist where
13:47
they would come in and in
13:50
a matter of few minutes get
13:52
what was called appeal. And so
13:54
it was glycolic acid. You were
13:56
being sold by... people coming into
13:58
the dermatology office like kits where
14:00
you would have the patient come
14:02
in and then you would do
14:04
a 30% peel on them and
14:06
then they would come back a
14:08
week later and you do a
14:10
40% and then 50% all the
14:12
way up to 70%. And literally
14:14
these chemicals would peel your skin?
14:16
By design, yes. That was the
14:18
idea. And it was going to
14:20
make the skin red and raw
14:22
and flaky and peel and you
14:25
couldn't go out. So wait, you
14:27
go for these peals to the
14:29
dermatologist, but then for a couple
14:31
weeks your face would be blotchy?
14:33
Blotchy. Exactly. Now that was considered
14:35
good. Okay. Okay. I seem to
14:37
remember this. I seem to remember
14:39
people having blotchy faces in the
14:41
mid-90s. Sex in the city, guy.
14:44
Yes. Samantha. Samantha. Right. Yes.
14:46
These peels were aggressive and you had
14:48
downtime. I mean, you couldn't leave the
14:50
house, perhaps. So I felt like it made
14:53
no sense. There's no organ in the
14:55
body that you injure to make it
14:57
come back better and stronger. If
14:59
you're a runner, you're never going
15:01
to hurt your lungs so that
15:03
you're going to be able to be
15:05
even more efficient as a runner. It didn't
15:07
make sense to me. At the same time,
15:09
it really was catching on. And I tried
15:12
it. I did it. I did it. You
15:14
know. And what I saw was that the
15:16
patients were A. not happy with
15:18
the downtime. Two, they didn't see
15:20
results. It didn't work. And
15:23
I wanted to introduce and
15:25
design a treatment that had no
15:27
downtime. So I designed appeal for
15:29
my patients in my office. That
15:32
was an alternative and it
15:34
worked better. And just to
15:36
like understand, I mean, you're
15:38
obviously a medical doctor, so
15:40
you have a science background.
15:42
And so what would you
15:44
do? I mean, like... at
15:46
night when you closed up
15:48
shop you would start to
15:50
mix ingredients and try to
15:52
get the proportions to your specifications?
15:54
So yes, what I did
15:57
was I had several new
15:59
ideas. that I put to work
16:01
in creating a brand new formula.
16:04
The first one was, instead of
16:06
one acid at a high concentration,
16:09
I determined and discovered and it
16:11
worked multiple acids, different ones, at
16:13
lower concentrations, that together additively had
16:16
a benefit, but no downtime. When
16:18
you say downtime, there was no
16:21
like period of red splotchy skin.
16:23
Precisely. No blotchiness. No inflammation. No
16:25
inflammation. The most important second thing
16:28
was. a second step to neutralize
16:30
it, right? In chemistry, you have your
16:32
acids, but you also have the base.
16:35
You have things that are alkaline. You
16:37
have things that have a higher pH
16:39
versus low pH of acids. Does it
16:41
really take peptobismal? Exactly. So acids may
16:43
be okay and good, but for a
16:46
limited time only. And then I determined
16:48
that you needed a second step to
16:50
turn it off. And that was the
16:52
secret sauce here. So I created
16:55
a system, a product, a treatment,
16:57
multiple acids, followed by second step.
16:59
And that innovation led to my practice
17:01
really blossoming. All right, let's get back
17:03
to your relationship for a moment because
17:06
you guys meet in the early 90s
17:08
and how long, I mean, it sounds
17:10
like you guys hit it off very
17:13
quickly and have a lot of common
17:15
interest. Carry how long. between the
17:17
time you meet and the time you get
17:19
married. I think we got engaged
17:21
after nine months of dating. Wow.
17:24
Yeah. So it was, it was
17:26
fast. Yeah. And then had an
17:28
engagement that lasted nine months. And
17:30
my feeling was, I needed to
17:32
go through four seasons with Kerry, just
17:34
to make sure it was right. So
17:37
we got through three seasons and got
17:39
married, but the fourth season was okay
17:41
too. So we're good. I mean, you
17:44
guys also, I think both of you.
17:46
really wanted to start a family very
17:48
quickly. Correct. I was very much a
17:51
family person too, yeah. And of course,
17:53
you know, both of you guys in
17:55
your 30s and it gets harder to
17:57
have kids after 40 and later, so
17:59
was there... was that part of
18:01
the thinking as well? Yeah
18:03
the biological clock was ticking
18:05
for me for sure but
18:07
I think I kind of
18:10
had like this idea of
18:12
myself being a working mother
18:14
and we got pregnant I
18:16
actually resigned from from Nordstrom
18:18
and I had twins which
18:20
was quite a delight and a shock
18:23
all at once but in any case
18:25
all the while we were thinking about
18:27
a business. You know, it was when
18:30
Dennis would look at my beauty products
18:32
and my skin care and he would
18:34
say like, why do these chemists put
18:36
these ingredients in here? There's
18:38
no skin benefit. And when
18:40
he said that, I was
18:42
like, wow, he's gonna think
18:44
very differently than a cosmetic
18:47
chemist. Yeah. Because he's seeing
18:49
patients every day. And so
18:51
Dennis's practice. We call it
18:53
the living lab because his
18:55
patience, there were just so
18:57
many ideas coming to mind.
18:59
So, you know, we're in
19:01
the mid-90s at this point.
19:03
We're married. We have our
19:05
beautiful twins, Daniel and Allison,
19:07
and all the while we're
19:09
thinking, thinking, thinking about a
19:12
business. And I must say
19:14
that to that point... My practice
19:16
did teach me a lot because
19:18
I also had a very international
19:21
practice. My office was at NYU,
19:23
was near the United Nations, and
19:25
literally I had the United Nations
19:28
Medical Office, send me people. So
19:30
I saw people from all over
19:32
the world. And you know, I
19:35
learned about different skin types, different
19:37
skin tones, issues. And the other
19:39
thing is, I started to ask
19:41
my patients. What products are you
19:44
using? And I was amazed at
19:46
what I learned, which was that
19:48
pretty much they were what I
19:51
called going through the merry-go-round of
19:53
discontent. The patients were using a
19:55
product for some hope to get
19:58
benefits of some sort. They weren't
20:00
seeing it. They would then stop that
20:02
one and buy another one, hoping that
20:04
would work. That one didn't work. Now
20:07
we're on to the next horse in
20:09
the merry-go-round, another one. And after the
20:11
third one didn't work, well, they go
20:13
back to the first one, hoping this
20:16
one would work. So that's when I
20:18
said, let me add it. I mean,
20:20
clearly, because of your background, you were
20:22
looking at the ingredients on over-the-counter products,
20:25
and you were saying, well, well, this
20:27
doesn't, more people weren't doing that. I
20:29
mean, what were in the products
20:31
that didn't make sense? I mean,
20:33
clearly, I mean, I would assume
20:36
they were formulated by people with
20:38
some background in chemistry, otherwise, why
20:40
would they be making skin care
20:43
products? They weren't dermatologists. That's the
20:45
key. You know, there's a difference
20:47
between being a chemist in the
20:50
laboratory and actually having a background,
20:52
as I did, in the chemistry,
20:54
the science to actually using ingredients,
20:57
using ingredients, and seeing patients. So
20:59
my first product was the Alpha
21:01
Beta Peel. And that was
21:03
really what put us on
21:05
the map, because it was an
21:08
at-home, two-step peel treatment.
21:10
So we brought the clinic
21:12
into the home of the
21:14
consumer. And so it was a
21:17
game changer, it was a disruptor.
21:19
So between 1995 and 2000,
21:21
Dennis had his clinical peel,
21:24
his doctor's peel, which was
21:26
the strongest, and then we
21:28
went to a contract manufacturer
21:30
and asked them for pads
21:32
and jars, a 30-day supply,
21:34
which was sort of a
21:37
go-to-market strategy that you go
21:39
into the clinic, you have
21:41
a peel, You take home your 30-day
21:43
supply of peel pads, step one
21:45
and step two, you use that
21:48
every morning at home, and then
21:50
when your jar is empty, it's
21:52
time to come back to the
21:54
clinic for another treatment. And so
21:56
his patients loved it. We were selling
21:58
out of our home. home kits rapidly
22:01
and that to us was basically
22:03
proof of concept and that's when
22:05
we moved ahead to start the
22:08
brand. I got you. So initially
22:10
the idea was let's see how
22:12
this works in the clinic right
22:14
so because it sounds like Dennis
22:17
and Kerry both of you already
22:19
in 1995 when you started to
22:21
give this to your patients Dennis
22:23
that in your mind you were
22:25
thinking this is a brand. This
22:28
is a business. at the birth
22:30
of this product that was already
22:32
fully formed, this idea. It was,
22:34
but you know what? It was so
22:36
helpful to have a confidence that that
22:39
experience, that living lab of the practice,
22:41
gave us, because yeah, my patients would
22:43
get this product to take home, but
22:46
then we had people coming into my
22:48
front desk at my practice, who were
22:50
not my patients, saying my friend bought
22:53
these peel pads here, and the results
22:55
are incredible, I'd like to buy them
22:57
too. And so there was a time
23:00
where it got to such a proportion
23:02
of people coming in asking for that
23:04
product that literally one day I came
23:06
home to carry. I said, I think
23:08
we may have a business here. All
23:10
right, let me just dig into this
23:12
bit. So, first of all, the name
23:14
of the brand. You guys gave it
23:16
a name, right? Yes, we did. And
23:18
you called it? MD Skincare. MD Medical
23:21
Doctor Skincare. Okay, good sounds. And
23:23
it was, I guess, designed to
23:25
sort of... signal that this was
23:28
made by a doctor, a skin
23:30
doctor, this was scientifically formulated to
23:32
differentiate it from what you would
23:35
find at a department store. That's
23:37
true. And this was just in
23:39
your practice. You were not offering
23:42
this up to other dermatologists quite
23:44
yet. Correct. Okay. So what we did
23:46
was our go-to-market strategy was to go
23:48
to spas. day spas, resorts, there was
23:51
quite a few in New York City.
23:53
And this was, just to clarify,
23:55
this was about five years after
23:57
just doing this in Dennis' clinic.
24:00
We were ready to go in
24:02
2000 and our first accounts
24:04
was the Ritz Carlton, Paula
24:06
Brecht-day spot. There were beautiful
24:08
spots in Connecticut. How did
24:10
you get those accounts? Did you
24:12
already have some media attention by
24:14
that point? Were people aware of
24:17
this thing that was happening? Absolutely.
24:19
The beauty press were Dennis'
24:21
patients. We never advertised. We
24:24
just had... articles in L
24:26
and Vogue and Harper's and
24:28
this was before the internet.
24:31
There was no internet. There were
24:33
no, as you said, no cell
24:35
phones. and no boat talks even.
24:37
It was super exciting. We went
24:39
to spas initially and you know
24:42
when I had retired from Nordstrom
24:44
I indicated to them that I
24:46
might be coming back to you
24:48
with the brand and so I
24:50
got my Nordstrom girls on board
24:52
and Nordstrom had spas also so
24:55
we did the cosmetic floor, the
24:57
beauty floor, as well as the
24:59
spa treatment rooms. And to the
25:01
press, which was a really important
25:03
component for us in the early
25:05
days, the press were equally non-believers
25:07
that you could actually have skin
25:09
care results without the blotchiness. And
25:11
so they were invited into my
25:13
practice. We would do the treatment
25:16
on them. And like my clients,
25:18
my patients, they were amazed at
25:20
the immediate results they saw and
25:22
then how things got better and
25:24
better with the retail product. So
25:26
I earned their trust, you know,
25:28
and then they actually started
25:30
to come to me privately. And you
25:33
would be quoted in newspapers and
25:35
magazines and so. Precisely. How did
25:37
you, when you started initially selling
25:39
to spas, you know, Did you
25:41
have to also go in and
25:43
show them how to use the
25:46
product or was it something that
25:48
they could just read in the
25:50
instructions? Absolutely, no. We had trainers.
25:52
I mean it was a lot
25:54
of, you know, writing protocols for
25:57
the estheticians and creating manuals and
25:59
brochures and... old school videos
26:01
and it was a lot
26:03
and I was starting to
26:06
feel like a little bit
26:08
of imposter syndrome like am
26:11
I really going to be
26:13
able to do this? It
26:15
was pretty crazy and here
26:18
we are being very disruptive
26:20
in the industry by asking
26:23
people to put acid on
26:25
their face every day. How
26:28
a lawsuit forces the brand
26:30
to totally change its name.
26:32
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template. Hey,
29:41
welcome back to how I built
29:43
this. I'm Guy Ross. So it's
29:46
2002, an MD Skin Care is
29:48
moving into spas, and even a
29:50
few stores, like Nordstrom. And then,
29:52
Kerry decides to pitch it to
29:54
a French beauty store that's relatively
29:57
new to the US. Sofora. I
29:59
remember flying out to San Francisco
30:01
and, you know, sitting down in
30:03
their conference room, imposter syndrome, I'm
30:05
thinking, the Nordstrom people knew me.
30:08
So I was fine there, but
30:10
I'm thinking, are they gonna just
30:12
think I'm the doctor's wife that
30:14
I don't know what I'm doing?
30:16
And so it was a little
30:19
nerve-wracking and I sat down with
30:21
them and then we fell in
30:23
love with each other. But we
30:25
actually, so... We had this like
30:27
beautiful business model. I just want
30:30
to tell you that like our
30:32
clients would travel and they'd go
30:34
to the Four Seasons in Maui
30:36
or they'd go to Florida and
30:38
stay at a resort and see
30:40
our products and then they'd go
30:42
back home and they'd go to
30:45
Nordstrom or Sifora. and see our
30:47
products again. And they're like, wow,
30:49
this is a pretty interesting brand.
30:51
It's a professional brand, but I
30:53
can also buy it in my
30:55
local department stores. And so they
30:57
had this journey and it had
30:59
this beautiful kind of halo effect on
31:02
our brand of really being authoritative
31:04
in this space. And Carrie, I mean,
31:06
when you guys decide, okay. We're going
31:08
to go to a contract manufacturer. We're
31:10
going to have them make this stuff.
31:13
We're initially going to just sell it
31:15
to our own customer. So it probably
31:17
wasn't that expensive because you were probably
31:19
able to sell it at a premium.
31:21
But then when you decided to make
31:23
it for cosmetologists working
31:25
at Spaz, I mean, was it hard to
31:27
finance that or was it relatively
31:29
straightforward? Like from a cash
31:31
flow perspective. So we had a business
31:34
plan. We found a graphic artist. We
31:36
did a logo. We set up the
31:38
initial skew assortment. Of course, we had
31:40
to have a sunscreen in there for
31:43
sure. We had a cleanser. We had,
31:45
you know, it was a tight assortment,
31:47
maybe like 12 skews. And when I
31:49
needed money, I would have to have
31:52
Dennis write me a check. Right.
31:54
Basically, the money from your practice,
31:56
Dennis, was going to finance this
31:58
thing, right? It did. my savings account
32:01
had the guts and did
32:03
it. You know, I have to tell you
32:05
that in those early years we were
32:07
so busy. I mean, at this point
32:09
now I've got four kids, not me,
32:12
we have four kids. It's amazing.
32:14
You guys built this business
32:16
and raised four kids, but keep
32:18
going. It was crazy. But you
32:21
know, I started off with a
32:23
team of... independent account executives.
32:25
Like we had consultants, we didn't
32:27
have any employees. Right. So, you
32:29
know, my best friend was helping
32:32
and like we would be working
32:34
out of our apartment. And what were
32:36
you doing? Were you trying to like sell?
32:38
What were they mainly doing? Yeah, we
32:40
were opening new accounts, opening new
32:42
spa accounts and then trying to
32:44
figure out a forecast and how
32:46
are we going to enter into
32:49
the Sepora market and How are
32:51
we going to service those doors?
32:53
And so in any case, I
32:55
think by 2002, we hired our
32:57
first full-time employee. And what did
32:59
that person, what was that person's
33:01
role? Would they like a Swiss
33:03
Army knife? Did they do everything?
33:06
She was in the field. So
33:08
we had opened our first official
33:11
office in 2002 on Madison
33:13
Avenue. It was an exciting
33:15
time because the product literally
33:17
sold itself. You know,
33:19
once someone tried it,
33:22
consistently people were taking us as
33:24
an account. This was the alpha
33:26
beta appeal that you developed. And
33:28
by the way, how much was
33:30
it to buy the, to do
33:33
the alpha beta process at
33:35
the time? It was about $75,
33:37
I think, for a month's supply.
33:39
That was a lot, to ask.
33:41
I think the clients expected, okay,
33:43
I know I need a cleanser,
33:45
I know I need a moisturizer.
33:47
But this is something different.
33:49
This is a different step in
33:51
my regimen. And so they really,
33:54
you know, we had clients that
33:56
were coming to us with skin
33:58
problems like acne, hyper. pigmentation, advanced
34:01
aging. So they were,
34:03
it was an emotional
34:05
purchase and they became
34:07
super fans. They were
34:09
incredibly loyal. And there's
34:11
one other thing that
34:13
I want to talk about
34:16
really quickly. So we packaged
34:18
the peel in packets,
34:20
tandem packets, step one
34:22
and step two. And
34:24
this format gave us
34:26
the ability to sample.
34:28
and also like back in the
34:30
day, like we were doing direct
34:32
mail. We were mailing these little
34:34
packets on in envelopes and we
34:36
were doing skin care challenges and
34:38
you know you could get on
34:41
an airplane and then pass them
34:43
out to the flight attendants and
34:45
the people next to you and
34:47
people were, you know, they could
34:49
go on vacation and pack them
34:51
easily. They just were really easy
34:53
to use and they were... perfectly
34:55
dosed. You know, so it was just
34:57
the design of our peel packets, I
34:59
think, was part of our secret to
35:01
success. I know that you eventually
35:03
got it patented. You had to
35:06
because you had to protect this
35:08
thing, but was that expensive? Was
35:10
that time consuming? Tell me about
35:12
the process of getting that patent
35:14
done, because that was critical. It
35:16
was both. Yeah. Crucial, crucial. How
35:18
much does it cost, by the
35:20
way, to get a patent on
35:22
something like that? You know, my
35:24
recollection is it was somewhere in
35:26
the order of $100,000. God, that's
35:28
so crazy that it cost that
35:30
by lawyers and you get... But it
35:32
is very challenging. It is very challenging,
35:34
but... I really felt like my motto
35:36
then was, you know, if there's any
35:39
justice in this business world, this product
35:41
works so well that we are going
35:43
to be very successful. And all I
35:45
wanted was, you know, for it to
35:47
be a meritocracy. And as we grew,
35:50
there were times where we were in
35:52
the early days, Kerry, right? We were
35:54
losing money, and that was tough, you
35:56
know, and actually, actually, we went through
35:58
our savings, and I... took a mortgage
36:01
on our home to get extra
36:03
and I put it towards the
36:05
company. Now that was challenging and
36:07
that's where I had some concern
36:09
with what am I doing and
36:11
I have four kids and I'm
36:13
supporting my family through my practice
36:15
and now I'm investing in a
36:17
company and it's teetering because growth
36:20
costs money and before you turn
36:22
into profit you have to have
36:24
the confidence to put more money
36:26
in at that point. But I
36:28
think by the time we got
36:30
to 2005, Dennis wrote a book,
36:32
and that was a big deal
36:34
for us. That gave us a
36:37
lot of, he did a book
36:39
tour, we started winning awards, and
36:41
at that point, we were on
36:43
the brink of breaking even. Before
36:45
that, it was kind of like,
36:47
okay, who are we going to
36:49
pay this week? Are we going
36:51
to be able to collect $200,000
36:54
by Friday? And that was kind
36:56
of the startup energy every single
36:58
day that I would go into
37:00
the office and Dennis formulates all
37:02
of our products himself. He hand
37:04
selects meticulously every ingredient that goes
37:06
into every single one of our
37:08
products. And in addition to that,
37:11
we do clinical testing and that's
37:13
very expensive. So it was becoming
37:15
quite an endeavor of the company.
37:17
So yeah, I'm curious about, I
37:19
mean, tell me a little bit
37:21
more about what costs you money
37:23
because what are the other big
37:25
expenses, advertising? I mean, what costs
37:27
so much? We've never advertised in
37:30
those days, but I mean, as
37:32
far as the money goes, a
37:34
lot of it really was staffing.
37:36
It was people. I mean, do
37:38
you remember, you know, by, you
37:40
know, five years in 2005, 2006?
37:42
I mean, was your revenue. you
37:44
know, were you bringing in more
37:47
than $10 million? So, you know,
37:49
it's funny that there's certain financial
37:51
milestones that I always really remember,
37:53
and I remember the first time
37:55
we hit a million dollar month.
37:57
It was just like, woo! You
37:59
know, we all were like celebrating
38:01
in the conference rooms, but we
38:04
were definitely breaking even, and then
38:06
we all of a sudden started
38:08
to turn a profit. So you
38:10
hit profitability roughly when, do you
38:12
remember? I think we hit break
38:14
even around 2006, but we didn't
38:16
even have an e-commerce site until
38:18
2007. So that's when we really
38:20
started to see some profits coming
38:23
in. I mean, in terms of
38:25
growing, I mean, it was organic
38:27
growth, but do you remember, just
38:29
to give me a sense of
38:31
where you were, do you remember?
38:33
You mentioned that you, you know,
38:35
once you hit a million dollars
38:37
in sales a month, do you
38:40
remember what year that was? So
38:42
we started to grow then in
38:44
2008 we slowed down a bit
38:46
so it was probably around around
38:48
that time 2008- 2009. Tell me
38:50
why you started to slow down
38:52
a bit. Because of the the
38:54
crash. The crash, okay. That was
38:57
a disaster. You got spooked by
38:59
the financial crisis. Did it how
39:01
did it affect your business? Yeah.
39:03
We actually fared very well because
39:05
At that point we were going
39:07
through a name change and I
39:09
had reduced our inventory so we
39:11
weren't sitting on millions and millions
39:14
of dollars of inventory that wasn't
39:16
moving. I also want to add
39:18
one thing to a little more
39:20
texture to the crash of 2008
39:22
and how we navigated that. The
39:24
way we got through it was
39:26
literally our employees were so loyal
39:28
and We had such an incredible
39:30
culture to our company that they
39:33
agreed to go for weeks without
39:35
pay for us to catch our
39:37
breath financially. And it was one
39:39
of the greatest highlights of my
39:41
career when I saw our employees
39:43
just say, we believe in you
39:45
when we want to support. and
39:47
we're not going to leave and
39:50
find a job some place else.
39:52
So, you know, being good to
39:54
your employees was really important for
39:56
us to survive that little era.
39:58
Yeah. But right around the same
40:00
time, I think you guys had
40:02
another problem on your hands because
40:04
you got sued, right? You got
40:07
sued by, I guess, by a
40:09
similar company that was called MD
40:11
Formulations. And basically they sue you
40:13
because your name, of course, was
40:15
MD Skin Care. And you're several
40:17
years in now, and then... they're
40:19
pointing out or they're saying that
40:21
your names are too similar. Right.
40:24
They slapped us with a lawsuit
40:26
and then they tried to buy
40:28
our brand. And so had they
40:30
been around longer than you guys?
40:32
A little bit longer and they
40:34
were owned by a company by
40:36
the name of Allergan. And so
40:38
in any case... The company itself
40:40
I think was going through some
40:43
trouble and they were sold and
40:45
they tried to buy us. It
40:47
was just, it was craziness and
40:49
we just decided we wanted out,
40:51
we weren't going to fight the
40:53
lawsuit, we were just going to
40:55
change our name. So you decided
40:57
not to fight the lawsuit? Yeah,
41:00
we settled with them. How long
41:02
did it take before you got
41:04
there? Because I think you were
41:06
decided you were going to fight
41:08
the lawsuit. Well initially we started
41:10
to go through depositions and it
41:12
was a total nightmare it was
41:14
a distraction it definitely took a
41:17
lot of time and energy away
41:19
from actually building our business but
41:21
we decided that we didn't want
41:23
to fight the lawsuit that we
41:25
were going to change the name
41:27
and yeah it was tough times
41:29
we had to make a decent-sized
41:31
settlement payment to MD formulations and
41:33
you know, pay the lawyers fees.
41:36
And so that year was really
41:38
tough for us. And Dennis and
41:40
I had a lot of back
41:42
and forth because he didn't want
41:44
to put his name on our
41:46
brand. But I convinced him. Tell
41:48
me, Dennis, why didn't you want
41:50
to put your name on the
41:53
brand? Because it was called MD
41:55
Skin Care up until 2010. Right.
41:57
And now it was going to
41:59
be called. Dr. Dennis Gross, skincare.
42:01
Tell me why you were reluctant.
42:03
Well, you know, because the last
42:05
name Gross is sort of a
42:07
disconnect with beauty, you might say.
42:10
And maybe I still was, you
42:12
know, thinking about my being ridiculed
42:14
in the school yard and junior
42:16
high school, you're gross, you know,
42:18
and it was a thing. I
42:20
did not know how that would
42:22
be received. It's not actually how
42:24
you pronounce my last name, to
42:27
be honest, but that's a different
42:29
story. Nonetheless, that was really the
42:31
reason. Yeah, he did. He was,
42:33
I had to pull rank on
42:35
him. I was CEO of the
42:37
company. I'm like, sorry, babe, we're
42:39
going for it. And it was,
42:41
it was a blessing in disguise
42:43
for sure. But I will tell
42:46
you, it would be kind of
42:48
humorous where I'd be like, you
42:50
know, sneaking around like Nordstrom and
42:52
walking through Safora and hearing people
42:54
saying like, oh my God, gross,
42:56
are you serious? When we come
42:58
back in just a moment, Dr.
43:00
Dennis Gross's skincare does a star
43:03
turn on Tiktok with a mask
43:05
that uses LED light. Stay with
43:07
us. I'm Guy Ross and you're
43:09
listening to How I Built This.
43:19
It takes a lot
43:21
to grow your business.
43:23
You've got to attract
43:25
audiences, score leads, manage
43:27
all the channels. It's
43:30
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43:32
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43:34
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43:41
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43:43
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43:50
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43:52
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43:54
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43:56
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43:58
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44:01
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44:03
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44:05
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44:07
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44:12
skills. Sport cash plus,
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44:24
Hey, welcome back to How I
44:26
Built This. I'm Guy Ross. So
44:28
it's 2010 and Dennis and Kerry
44:30
have a new name for their
44:32
brand and a new twist on
44:34
their most important product. We came
44:36
back in 2010 as Dr. Dennis
44:38
Gross. and we launched a new
44:40
version of our Alpha Beta Peel.
44:42
It was that extra strength Alpha
44:44
Beta Peel. And that was also
44:46
disruptive and risky. And Sephora was
44:48
a huge, huge, huge help to
44:50
us at that point because I
44:52
think they were scared too. I
44:54
think we were all a little
44:56
nervous. Are we doing the right
44:58
thing? We've got this one peel
45:00
that we've been selling for 10
45:02
years and it was our hero
45:05
skew and now we're going to
45:07
launch an extra strength version of
45:09
an acid peel to put on
45:11
your face. But I was just
45:13
seeing it in my practice, you
45:15
know, people saying bring it on.
45:17
You know, we know what the
45:19
original version is and if this
45:21
is going to be even better
45:23
and the two steps will save
45:25
me from getting blotchy. You know,
45:27
people went from being skeptics and
45:29
concerned to full, you know, all
45:31
out believers in what they can
45:33
see on their skin. So the
45:35
extra strength peel really was a
45:37
big hit and still to this
45:39
day, outperforms. Yeah. Tell me about,
45:41
so basically, you're focusing on the
45:44
brand and it's growing, and it's
45:46
steadily growing every year. I mean,
45:48
was there any moments? where you
45:50
start to think, okay, maybe we
45:52
should bring in some outside investors
45:54
to really supercharge the growth or,
45:56
because I know it would happen
45:58
later, but between 2010 and 2020
46:00
was. their conversations that you guys had
46:02
about that? You know, one thing
46:04
that I always tell an entrepreneur
46:07
or somebody that's starting out a
46:09
brand, like, take every single meeting.
46:11
Take all the meetings, because you
46:13
never know who you're going to meet
46:16
and what you're going to learn.
46:18
And so over the years, we had
46:20
quite a few meetings, wouldn't you
46:22
say, Dennis? Yes, we did. But
46:24
I must say, we reinvested every
46:26
dollar back into the business in
46:29
those years. So we had the
46:31
cash flow and we had the
46:33
revenues to support our growth. We,
46:35
instead of taking an investor and
46:37
taking money out of the company,
46:39
we continued to live off the
46:41
income of my dermatology practice and
46:44
just believed in the brand and
46:46
reinvested every day. And we didn't
46:48
take a salary. Neither of us took
46:50
a salary for 20 years. And Dennis,
46:52
you were still practicing and you were
46:54
still seeing patients every day. Absolutely.
46:56
First of all, I needed to.
46:58
Number two, it's what I love.
47:01
And number three, it was actually
47:03
in tandem with the skincare brand.
47:05
So I maintain my practice to
47:07
this day because it really is
47:09
still what we call the living lab.
47:11
Yeah, it probably became difficult to
47:14
get an appointment there at a
47:16
certain point because your name was
47:18
on the brand and shops. And
47:20
so, you know, one thing kind
47:22
of, whether that was intentional or
47:24
not, it kind of bolsters the
47:26
other. He had some pretty frantic
47:28
years, frantic days, long, long
47:30
hours. Yeah, I bet. Tell me
47:32
about moving into like light technology,
47:34
right? I mean, basically you
47:36
developed a plastic mask with
47:38
LED light to treat skin
47:40
and the same went totally
47:42
viral on TikTok a few
47:45
years ago. How did that
47:47
technology even start to emerge? It
47:49
was a procedure done in my
47:51
practice, right? LED is, you know,
47:53
something that dermatologist's do. What does
47:56
it do for your skin? Two
47:58
major things. Number one. It stimulates
48:00
collagen. How does LED light do
48:02
that? It's so crazy. It is
48:05
crazy, but it is absolutely true.
48:07
There's receptors in the skin in
48:10
the cells that produce the collagen,
48:12
the fibroblast cell, and it turns
48:14
on the production of collagen. It
48:17
stimulates them. And as we get
48:19
older, the amount of collagen we
48:22
make diminishes. So LED, in my
48:24
practice, was a big winner. Number
48:26
two, it works on acne. The
48:29
two biggest components, really of dermatology.
48:31
were addressed by a treatment in
48:34
my office. So one of the
48:36
main things we do is bringing
48:38
what we do in the dermatology
48:41
clinic to the home of the
48:43
consumer, there was an opportunity. And
48:45
it was the impetus to say,
48:48
let's create an at home device.
48:50
And that's what the LED device,
48:53
that's the backstory. But I want
48:55
to point out that our very
48:57
first device was actually a facial
49:00
steamer. We launched a steamer back
49:02
in, I think, 2012, and it
49:05
was very, very popular for many
49:07
years and it showed us that
49:09
there was a hunger for devices.
49:12
And the other piece of it
49:14
that is so exciting from my
49:16
perspective is the tools that our
49:19
teams use. when they go out
49:21
in the field and they do
49:24
facial events at stores and at
49:26
spas, we use these devices on
49:28
the consumer. And it creates theater
49:31
and excitement and it's really, really
49:33
fun to be able to offer
49:36
this to clients to be able
49:38
to use in their home. But
49:40
the thing about LED is you
49:43
have to use it daily in
49:45
order to see the results. And
49:47
if you do, the results are
49:50
spectacular. But to get the consumer
49:52
to actually stay on the plan,
49:55
it has to be convenient. Right,
49:57
so three minutes a day was
49:59
the game changer and we got
50:02
results and it's FDA cleared because
50:04
it works. And some people just
50:07
are concerned about the area around
50:09
the eyes aging. So that's another
50:11
device. And now the newest one
50:14
is the lip. And, you know,
50:16
trends, as I see in my
50:18
practice, is that lips are just
50:21
huge in terms of what people
50:23
want and it's just something that
50:26
is part of our culture now,
50:28
larger lips, people coming in for
50:30
lip plumpering with fillers and injectables.
50:33
So there was a trend we
50:35
saw early and that's where we
50:38
brought that product to market. All
50:40
right. So around 2020. Either around
50:42
the time of the pandemic or
50:45
before, you bring in outside capital
50:47
a private equity group buys a
50:50
minority stake in the brand. Tell
50:52
me about the decision to do
50:54
that. What was the thinking was
50:57
we'll take this money and we'll
50:59
do what with it? So I'm
51:01
going to back up and just
51:04
give you a little, you know,
51:06
little story leading up to this.
51:09
So our business is growing and
51:11
I wanted to focus on international
51:13
expansion. And so by 2018, 2019,
51:16
now I'm starting to feel like,
51:18
oh my God, I actually don't
51:21
need capital. We're successful, we're profitable,
51:23
we're making money each year, but
51:25
I need a board of directors,
51:28
I need some partners to really
51:30
help me figure out how to
51:32
really take this brand and turn
51:35
it into a global force. So
51:37
we hired an investment banker and
51:40
we met with multiple, multiple private
51:42
equity groups and strategics and we
51:44
kind of fell in love with
51:47
a group called Main Post Partners
51:49
based in San Francisco and we
51:52
went through the whole deal process
51:54
and we were getting close to
51:56
signing the The deal was off.
51:59
They pulled the deal. Stores closed
52:01
and it was like... Oh my
52:03
God, you know, we thought it
52:06
was bad enough going through like
52:08
9-11 and then, you know, 2008
52:11
crash. The pandemic was just, like,
52:13
shocking. It was shocking. And Dennis'
52:15
practice closed, Sapporo's doors closed, every
52:18
spot closed, and we were sitting
52:20
looking at each other, thinking, oh
52:23
my... God, I think I was
52:25
laying on the floor thinking, I
52:27
can't believe this, I can't believe
52:30
this, are we going to lose
52:32
our company? So what did you
52:35
guys do? How did you handle
52:37
it? Basically, we just rolled up
52:39
our sleeves and went all in
52:42
in the digital space and we
52:44
put Dennis on Instagram. And we
52:46
did master classes for our clients
52:49
so that we could stay in
52:51
touch with them and make sure
52:54
that they were okay. And about
52:56
three months into the pandemic, I
52:58
got a phone call from Maine
53:01
Post and we want back in.
53:03
We figured out a way to
53:06
make the deal happen. And so
53:08
we got the deal done in
53:10
June of 2020. A couple years
53:13
after that, you got an acquisition
53:15
offer, which you would then accept
53:17
from Shiseido. to buy you guys
53:20
out. $450 million. Amazing. Exit. I
53:22
mean, I imagine by that point
53:25
you felt, all right, we've been
53:27
doing this for 23 years more.
53:29
It's time to kind of enjoy
53:32
the fruits of our labor, I
53:34
guess. Well, we wanted to find
53:37
just the right partner with a
53:39
company that would respect our culture,
53:41
respect the brand that we built,
53:44
and that was Shissato. And we're
53:46
still with them, by the way.
53:48
We're still full-time and I still
53:51
create the products and it's been
53:53
a great journey. Yeah, obviously a
53:56
huge brand and the ability to
53:58
kind of super scale thing. like
54:00
globally. That was one of the
54:03
key, you know, timing factors. We
54:05
actually in 2023 launched into Sephora
54:08
Europe, so I think we opened
54:10
something like 17 countries in a
54:12
period of like three months. It
54:15
was crazy and having Shiseido support
54:17
us with talent and with experience
54:20
has been incredible. And so now
54:22
you're probably committed for a few
54:24
years to stay with the brand.
54:27
We have a three-year contract and
54:29
I don't know what's going to
54:31
happen but for right now it's
54:34
been wonderful. They're true partners, you
54:36
know. Yeah. This is still a
54:39
changing world in terms of skin
54:41
care. Going full circle, going back
54:43
to the day where skin care
54:46
was just a moisturizer, you know.
54:48
the future I think is absolutely
54:51
incredibly exciting and our pipeline I
54:53
think is really exciting to me.
54:55
I still want to create and
54:58
innovate. When you think about how,
55:00
you know, about the journey of
55:02
building this and how much do
55:05
you do to the work you
55:07
put in and the time and
55:10
how much do you think had
55:12
to do with luck and timing?
55:16
I don't think it was luck
55:18
to be honest with you. I
55:20
think it was really a lot
55:23
of discipline, a lot of creativity,
55:25
curiosity, just like seeking out the
55:27
white space and disrupting. And results.
55:29
You know, if you really are
55:32
distinctive in your, what you're bringing
55:34
to the consumer and to the
55:36
industry, then I think that people
55:38
will... support you. People will buy
55:41
your product and that is top
55:43
line for me is the results.
55:45
Nowadays the consumer wants to see
55:48
the difference and we have consistently
55:50
done that and that's what I'm
55:52
most proud of. and I think
55:54
we earned it. That's Dennis and
55:57
Kerry Gross, co-founders of Dr. Dennis
55:59
Gross skincare. By the way, that
56:01
LED face mask that went viral,
56:03
it doesn't just look like it's
56:06
from outer space. The technology was
56:08
actually developed by NASA. NASA thought
56:10
that LED light might help speed
56:12
up healing of cuts and scrap
56:15
when astronauts were in zero gravity.
56:17
They didn't end up using the
56:19
technology in space, but they did
56:21
end up funding research that led
56:24
to some of the first medical
56:26
LED light devices back here on
56:28
Earth. Hey, thanks so much for
56:30
listening to the show this week.
56:33
Please make sure to click the
56:35
follow button on your podcast app
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so you never miss a new
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episode of the show. And if
56:42
you're interested in insights, ideas, and
56:44
lessons from some of the world's
56:46
greatest entrepreneurs. Please sign up for
56:49
my newsletter at Guy ross.com or
56:51
on sub-stack. This episode was researched
56:53
and produced by Alex Chung and
56:55
edited by Niva Grant with music
56:58
composed by Remptine Arablui. Our Engineers
57:00
were Patrick Murray and Gilly Murray.
57:02
Sam Paulsen, Kerry Thompson, Catherine Sifer,
57:04
John Isabella, and Elaine Coates. I'm
57:07
Guy Ross and you've been listening
57:09
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