0:00

big guests continue on Las Culturistas.

0:02

This week, it's the very funny

0:04

Amy Poehler. Don't overthink it. They

0:06

talk water. We did not drink

0:08

water growing up. Water was not

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a thing. Parenting. You got teen boys. This

0:13

is like the black diamond of

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parenting. And, of course, I don't think

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so, honey. Horror movies. OK. OK.

0:19

Amy Poehler is on

0:21

Las Cult. The

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latest episode drops Wednesday. Listen to Las

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the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcast, or

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wherever you get your podcasts. Welcome

2:47

to Part -Time Genius, the production of

2:49

iHeart Radio. Guess

2:55

what will what's that mango? So I heard

2:57

this fact yesterday that a lot of

2:59

buildings in New York lie about how tall

3:01

they are the buildings are lying about

3:03

how tall they are Well, maybe it's the

3:06

builders, but they exaggerate about their buildings

3:08

So you know how guys have this reputation

3:10

for lying about their height, right? Of

3:12

course So in New York City builders will

3:14

lie about how tall their buildings are

3:16

to attract a certain clientele Which is weird

3:18

to me and people just buy it

3:20

I guess they do because the way they

3:22

trick people is with the elevators Unless

3:24

you're going to count each and every floor,

3:26

the only way you're going to interact

3:28

with all the floors is through the buttons

3:30

on the elevators, right? Yeah. Some of

3:32

this tends to be innocent. Some builders skip

3:34

the 13th floor because they're superstitious. So

3:36

you get someone talking about like a 15

3:38

story building when it's only 14 stories,

3:40

but. Other builders love the grandeur. The first

3:42

example that comes up when you Google

3:44

this phenomena is Trump Tower. Though

3:46

the owner and his family supposedly live

3:48

on the 66th through 68th floor, the

3:51

building is actually 10 floors shorter than

3:53

that. It's only 58 stories. You

3:55

know, I feel like I've seen this in other

3:57

places too. Like when you walk past first

3:59

class in a plane and you're like, those

4:01

are rows one through four. And then

4:03

you go back to where we're trying to

4:05

sit. And it's immediately like. The 10th

4:07

row? Yeah, exactly. It's so weird. But I'm

4:09

curious in terms of the buildings, like

4:11

how do they hide the 10 floors? It's

4:13

very similar. So the building has a

4:15

huge beautiful atrium with a tall ceiling. But

4:17

the elevators start counting from floors 30

4:19

instead of 20, which is the actual height.

4:21

Trump Tower also does this where it's

4:23

supposed to be 90 floors. But if you

4:25

stand at the top, it's only 72

4:27

stories high. It's a really common phenomena. And

4:30

the way the buildings trick you is

4:32

through the elevators. You know, elevators are

4:34

an interesting topic. And I think there's

4:36

a lot to talk about here from why

4:38

it's so awkward to ride an elevator

4:40

with strangers to whether the closed door button

4:42

actually does anything to most importantly, why

4:44

are all elevators named Otis? This has

4:46

always puzzled me. So we've got a

4:48

lot to cover. Let's dive in. Hey

5:12

there, podcast listeners. Welcome to part -time genius. I'm

5:14

Will Pearson. And as always, I'm joined by

5:16

my good friend, Mangesh Hatikatar. And on

5:18

the other side of that soundproof glass,

5:20

dressed like a Lyft operator from the

5:22

1950s. And he's adjusting his desk chair

5:25

up and down. I mean, it's really

5:27

impressive. He's actually hinted that he was

5:29

looking forward to this and he has

5:31

really lived up to the challenge here.

5:33

That's our good pal and producer, Lull

5:35

Lull. You are looking good. So

5:37

Mango, what is our first stop on

5:39

this elevator tour? So actually, before we kick

5:41

off, I've got a little bit of

5:44

housekeeping to tie up. In our last episode

5:46

on nine comic book heroes, we talked

5:48

about this terrible character, the red bee

5:50

and his secret weapon, this

5:52

ridiculous train bee named Michael, who,

5:54

you know, if you'll remember, he'd keep him

5:56

in his belt and unleash him on villains.

5:58

But one of our listeners on Twitter,

6:00

Charles Poor, pointed out that male

6:03

bees don't sting. That's a

6:05

very good point. Yeah. Yeah. It

6:07

only makes Michael seem more

6:09

useless. It's true. That

6:11

just makes it that much better, though. So

6:13

thank you so much, Charles. If you DM

6:15

me your address, I'll send you a small

6:17

package of honey as a thank you. But

6:19

back to elevators. And I want to go

6:22

back to a time when elevators were a

6:24

little more dangerous. Yes. I know modern elevators

6:26

started to take shape, I guess it was,

6:28

you know, as early as the 1850s, but.

6:30

Were they around long before that? Like when

6:32

exactly was the first elevator made? So it

6:34

kind of depends on your definition, but if

6:36

you take just the basic concepts of an

6:38

elevator, like a machine that can lift things

6:40

vertically, then you're probably talking

6:43

about a few thousand years ago. For

6:45

instance, it's possible that the Egyptians

6:47

use vertical lifts to build their pyramids,

6:49

but That's still speculation. The

6:51

first recorded use of vertical lift,

6:53

that comes from the third century BCE.

6:56

This is when the mathematician Archimedes built

6:58

a platform that could be hoisted

7:00

up and down using ropes and pulleys.

7:02

Now, these early lifts obviously didn't

7:04

run on electricity. Instead, they were powered

7:06

by people, animals in some cases,

7:08

even water. They also weren't used as

7:10

people movers. Instead, the hoists were

7:12

mostly used to lift building materials or

7:14

water jugs. And it wasn't until

7:16

a few centuries later that primitive elevators

7:18

were finally used to transport living

7:20

creatures. This was in the first century

7:22

CE when Roman gladiators and wild

7:24

animals would ride the lifts from the

7:26

lower levels up to the floor

7:28

of the Colosseum. All right, so even

7:30

then, most people probably wouldn't have

7:32

trusted their lives. to an elevator I

7:34

would assume at least at that

7:36

point and they were considered safe enough

7:38

though for enslaved combatants and lions

7:40

or whatever but the average citizen would

7:42

have probably chosen the stairs still.

7:44

Definitely. And there was just still too

7:46

much room for error when you

7:48

had people or donkeys pulling the ropes.

7:50

People didn't really start using elevators

7:52

by choice until more reliable systems were

7:54

developed. For instance, in 1743, King

7:56

Louis XV had one of the earliest passenger

7:58

elevators installed in the palace at Versailles. He

8:01

was a lady's man, and the private elevator

8:03

was an easy way for his mistress to

8:05

visit him in secret. and he referred to

8:07

it as a flying chair. Basically

8:09

all you had to do to operate

8:11

it was to pull a cord connected to

8:13

a pulley system and from there gravity

8:15

and a series of counterweights would do the

8:17

rest. That's pretty clever, I guess. Yeah.

8:19

And in the early 1800s, steam actually gets

8:21

incorporated. And this ends up being

8:23

super helpful because steam -powered lifts were able to

8:25

move much heavier loads. You're thinking about things

8:27

like coal or lumber and steel. And

8:30

suddenly, this could all be raised hundreds of

8:32

feet in a matter of seconds. This

8:34

new capacity led to major booms

8:36

in construction and mining. And it's actually

8:38

a big part of what made

8:41

the Industrial Revolution so transformative. But

8:43

a steam -powered elevator still had

8:45

one major flaw. They were

8:47

really dangerous, like super dangerous.

8:49

And if a rope snapped, the lift

8:51

would just plummet. And unfortunately, that

8:53

happened pretty often all through the first

8:56

half of the 19th century. Right.

8:58

And it's around that halfway point that

9:00

an entrepreneur and inventor named Elisha

9:02

Otis enters the picture. We mentioned that

9:04

name earlier. And he got into

9:06

the elevator game in 1852. while working

9:08

on a project for a company

9:10

that made bed frames. So the

9:12

client needed a way to move heavy

9:14

manufacturing equipment to the second floor of its

9:16

factory. It was only one problem

9:18

though, and that was that the equipment they were

9:20

moving was so heavy that the lifting cables couldn't

9:22

bear the weight for all that long. So

9:25

there was this constant risk that the cables

9:27

were going to snap. And if that happened, there

9:29

would be nothing to stop the elevator from

9:31

plunging straight to the ground floor. So

9:33

Otis's solution to the problem was

9:35

to develop the world's first safety

9:37

device for elevators. It was basically

9:39

like a brake system that functioned

9:41

as a failsafe for the lift.

9:44

So if the cable should break, the loss

9:46

of tension would trigger the release of

9:48

these levers on either side of the elevator

9:50

car. And then these levers would lock

9:52

into these series of grooves that were along

9:54

the vertical rails of the elevator. And

9:56

that would sort of arrest the fall and

9:58

lock the car in place. So it's

10:00

pretty innovative. That's pretty amazing. So I just

10:02

want to make sure I have this

10:04

straight. Like the vertical rails were already part

10:07

of the elevator design, right? Like they

10:09

just didn't have that like locking system built

10:11

into them until Otis came along. Yeah,

10:13

that's right. I mean, all of the elevators

10:15

of the era were braced on either

10:17

side by these vertical rails that help keep

10:19

the car steady as it was going

10:21

up or down. And so those rails were

10:23

completely smooth though. So if a cable

10:25

broke, the car would just slide right down

10:27

the rails and free fall, which would

10:29

obviously be dangerous and terrifying. And so Otis's

10:32

breakthrough was to carve grooves into the

10:34

rails and create kind of a sawtooth ratchet

10:36

system that would act as these breaks. Industrial

10:39

companies recognize the merits of

10:41

the new braking system right away.

10:43

And Otis quickly set to

10:45

work on filing orders for freight

10:47

elevators. But the public was

10:49

still unconvinced, understandably, because it is

10:51

such a different invention and

10:53

everything. But most people viewed elevators

10:55

as these death traps, and

10:57

they were unlikely to be swayed

10:59

from this opinion by these

11:01

confusing diagrams they were seeing and

11:03

all these technical explanations. So

11:05

in order to really trust such a system, people

11:08

would need to see it for themselves. And

11:10

so at the World's Fair in

11:12

1854, Elisha Otis allowed them

11:14

to do just that. So

11:16

you're saying that like fair goers

11:18

were actually willing to get into these

11:21

elevators and test the break systems?

11:23

No, still not at this point. But

11:25

Otis thought about that. I mean,

11:27

he anticipated that. And so he arranged

11:29

a stunt that would instead put

11:31

only one person's life on the line.

11:33

And that, of course, was his

11:35

own. And so here's what happened. You're

11:37

at the Crystal Palace Exposition Hall

11:39

and Otis constructed this 50 foot wooden

11:41

elevator. Then with some help from

11:43

none other than P .T. Barnum himself,

11:45

Otis gathered this crowd and promised them

11:47

this death -defying stunt unlike any they

11:49

had ever seen. So the

11:51

crowd is, you know, hyped up and

11:54

everything, and Otis then dramatically rides the

11:56

elevator to the very top, or

11:58

he then ordered an axe -wielding assistant

12:00

to cut the rope that held up

12:02

the elevator. The onlookers were

12:04

stunned and sort of braced themselves

12:06

for this tragic scene, but thankfully,

12:09

it never came and that's because you

12:11

know of course to their surprise and

12:13

great relief the platform dropped just a

12:15

few inches and then came to a

12:17

complete stop. The crowd was blown

12:20

away by this but they were

12:22

also skeptical of how reliable the system

12:24

really was and you know they

12:26

thought maybe Otis just got insanely lucky

12:28

and there was no guarantee that

12:30

the brakes would work a second time.

12:32

So Otis performed the stunt again

12:34

and again and again. Every hour of

12:36

the day that the fair was

12:38

open, he performed the stunt. And in

12:40

this way, little by little, one

12:42

crowd at a time, Otis won

12:44

over the public and convinced them that

12:46

elevators were at long last safe to

12:48

ride. That is such an amazing stunt.

12:50

Like it's such an amazing PR thing

12:52

that all you're basically doing is riding

12:55

an elevator. Pretty

12:57

amazing. I'm

12:59

guessing this was a turning point for

13:02

Otis. I read that the first passenger

13:04

elevator to use his brake system was

13:06

installed in New York in 1857. It

13:08

was still about three years after

13:11

the fair, but then the floodgates really

13:13

opened. Within 16 years, more than

13:15

2 ,000 passenger elevators were operating all

13:17

across the country. Yeah, there was definitely

13:19

a snowball effect to all of

13:21

this. And, you know, sadly, Otis actually

13:23

didn't live long enough to see

13:25

just how widely embraced his invention became.

13:28

He passed away in 1861, just

13:30

a few years after his

13:32

first elevator was installed in New

13:34

York. But his sons did

13:36

carry on the family business along

13:38

with others, and they worked

13:40

to make improvements on that original

13:42

design, including the switch to

13:44

hydraulic power and of course, to

13:46

electricity. Now, all of this

13:49

innovation helps secure the elevator's place

13:51

as one of the most highly

13:53

trafficked transport systems in the world.

13:55

And that's not an exaggeration. According

13:57

to the LA Times, the world's

13:59

elevators now move the equivalent of

14:01

the Earth's population every 72 hours.

14:03

Wow. you think about that, every

14:05

three days, over 7 .5 billion

14:07

people take a ride on an

14:09

elevator. That is not something I'd

14:11

even comprehended. That's pretty remarkable. Yeah,

14:14

it's really crazy. And it's

14:16

especially true of Otis elevators, which

14:18

are still going strong today. For

14:20

example, the elevators in the Eiffel Tower are

14:23

Otis elevators. So are the ones in the

14:25

Empire State Building, the White House, the Vatican,

14:27

the Kremlin. I mean, the list

14:29

goes on and on. And the company is

14:31

now one of the two largest elevator manufacturers

14:33

in the world. And that's why if you

14:35

step into an elevator today, the

14:37

chances are you will find that Otis name

14:39

inscribed on the walls there. Which makes

14:41

a lot more sense than all the elevators

14:43

in the world being nicknamed Otis. But

14:45

I think we should talk some more about

14:48

the rapid growth phase that elevators went

14:50

through near the turn of the 20th century.

14:52

You actually mentioned that there were

14:54

a couple thousand spread across the

14:56

country by the early 1870s. But

14:58

the majority of those were still

15:00

being used in industrial settings. And

15:02

you'd find the safety elevators in

15:04

coal mines or construction sites, but

15:06

it was still pretty rare to

15:08

see one in an office building

15:10

or apartment complex. Yeah, the average

15:12

person didn't come into contact with

15:14

elevators all that often. And that

15:16

finally starts to change in the

15:18

1870s, though, as business owners began

15:20

adding elevators to their office buildings.

15:22

And that's really what launched the

15:24

invention into its next phase, where

15:26

you start to see all the

15:28

architectural and cultural impacts that elevators

15:30

have had. Yeah. I mean, it's

15:33

wild to think about how different the

15:35

cities we know would look if it

15:37

weren't for elevators, like no skyscrapers, high

15:39

rise apartments, like all the buildings would

15:41

just be a few stories tall. Yeah.

15:43

It's funny when you look back and

15:45

realize that higher floors would, you know,

15:47

they used to be the least desirable

15:49

spaces in a building. Like today we

15:51

connect higher floors with a sense of

15:53

luxury. They're more private, farther removed from

15:55

the noise of the streets. you know,

15:57

not to mention those birds eye view

15:59

of the skyline, but before elevators made

16:01

them more accessible, those top floors were

16:03

seen as inconvenient. Like in fact, they

16:05

were typically set aside for either low

16:07

rent tenants or like the in -house

16:09

janitor. So how many stairs you had

16:11

to climb to get to your apartment

16:14

was really kind of a status signifier,

16:16

like the fewer obviously the better. Exactly.

16:18

And so when the elevators came along,

16:20

not only did those higher floors get

16:22

much more appealing and much more valuable, They

16:24

also got much higher. So thanks

16:26

to the advent of steel frame construction,

16:28

and of course, thanks to elevators,

16:31

buildings could suddenly be built much taller

16:33

than before. This basically

16:35

meant that anyone who owned a building

16:37

no longer needed to fight for

16:39

new land to develop on. Like that's

16:41

something that's always in short supply

16:43

in cities. Instead, they could simply build

16:45

upwards, new offices, hotel rooms, retail

16:47

space, like there's nothing but air above.

16:50

So in a way, elevators literally shape

16:52

the cities we know today. I actually

16:54

found this great quote from this guy

16:56

named Patrick Karajat, and he's the founder

16:58

of the Elevator Museum in New York.

17:00

And according to him, quote, if

17:02

we didn't have elevators, we would

17:05

have a megalopolis, one continuous city stretching

17:07

from Philadelphia to Boston, because everything

17:09

would be five or six stories tall.

17:11

Yeah, it's interesting to think about

17:13

it as this choice between a sprawling

17:15

horizontal city or this more densely

17:17

clustered vertical one. It reminds me of

17:19

this cool Boston Globe article that

17:22

talked about a kind of invisible war

17:24

between elevators and cars that's been

17:26

going on for the past century or

17:28

so. So the idea is that

17:30

you have these two new technologies that

17:32

were basically pushing us in two

17:34

different directions. On the one side,

17:36

you had cars, which allowed people to

17:39

travel horizontally. On the other, you had elevators,

17:41

which of course moved people vertically. And

17:43

city planners had to choose which of these

17:45

new technologies they were going to get

17:47

behind, which you know, which one they were

17:49

going to focus on developing their cities

17:51

around. And if you looked up an American

17:53

city during the last hundred years, it's

17:55

pretty obvious, you know, which one they picked.

17:57

Definitely. But it's not like cars were

17:59

left by the wayside or anything. Like elevators

18:01

may have won the battle to shape

18:03

cities, but. Cars are still the transportation of

18:05

choice in suburbs where the sprawl is

18:07

much less of an issue. Yeah, I guess

18:10

in the end it's sort of been

18:12

a draw in that sense between those two.

18:14

So we've seen how elevators have evolved

18:16

over the years, and I feel like we

18:18

should check out a few things about

18:20

them that have actually stayed the same. Before

18:22

we get to that, let's take a quick break. The

18:27

big guests continue on Las Culturistas.

18:29

This week, it's the very funny

18:31

Amy Poehler. Don't overthink it. They

18:34

talk water. We did not drink

18:36

water growing up. Water was not

18:38

a thing. Parenting. You got teen

18:40

boys. This is like the black

18:42

diamond of parenting. And, of course,

18:44

I don't think so, honey. Horror

18:46

movies. OK. OK. Amy Poehler is

18:49

on Las Cult. The latest

18:51

episode drops Wednesday. Listen to Las

18:53

Culturistas on the iHeartRadio app or

18:55

wherever you listen to Poehler. Peace

18:58

to the planet. I go by

19:00

the name of Shalemaine the God and

19:02

guess what? I wait to see y 'all

19:04

at the third annual Black Effect podcast

19:07

festival. That's right. We're coming back to

19:09

Atlanta, Georgia, Saturday, April 26th at Pullman

19:11

Yards, and it's hosted by none other

19:13

than Decisions, Decisions, Mandy B, and Weezy,

19:15

okay? We got the R &B Money

19:17

podcast with Tank and Jay Valentine. We

19:19

got the Woman of All podcast with

19:22

Sarah Jake Roberts, the Funky Friday podcast

19:24

with Cam Newton, the Nekot Sports podcast

19:26

with Carrie Champion, Good Mom's Bad Choices

19:28

podcast, the Trap Nerd podcast, and many

19:30

more will be on that stage live.

19:32

And of course, it's bigger than podcasts.

19:34

We're bringing the black effect marketplace with

19:37

black owned businesses plus. the full truck

19:39

court to keep you fed while you

19:41

visit us, all right? Listen, you don't

19:43

want to miss this. Tap in and

19:45

grab your tickets now at blackeffect.com slash

19:47

podcast fest. There's a lot in life

19:49

that feels like it should be guaranteed

19:52

that just isn't. Fortunately, AT &T guarantees

19:54

connectivity you can depend on, or they'll

19:56

make it right. AT &T, connecting changes everything.

19:58

Terms and conditions apply, visit att.com slash

20:00

guarantee to learn more. This

20:03

is QuartzSide with Laura Corrente, the podcast

20:05

that's changing the game and breaking down

20:07

the business of women's sports like never

20:09

before. I'm Laura, the founder

20:11

and CEO of Deep Blue Sports and

20:13

Entertainment. You're inside source on

20:15

the biggest deals, power moves, and

20:17

game changers, writing the playbook on

20:19

all things women's sports. From

20:21

the heavy hitters in the front office

20:23

to the powerhouse women on the

20:25

pitch, We're talking to commissioners, team owners,

20:27

influential athletes, and the investors betting

20:29

big on women's sports. We'll break

20:31

down the numbers, get under the hood, and

20:33

go deep on what's next. Women's

20:35

sports are the moment. So if you're

20:38

not paying attention, you're already

20:40

behind. Join me courtside for a

20:42

front row seat into the making of the business

20:44

of women's sports. Courtside with Laura

20:46

Crenzi is an I Heart Women's Sports

20:48

production in partnership with Deep Blue Sports and

20:50

Entertainment. Listen to Court Side

20:52

with Laura Crenty starting April 3rd on

20:54

the iHeart Radio App, Apple Podcast, or

20:56

wherever you get your podcasts. The

21:12

best things in life are on

21:14

the other side of difficult conversations. But

21:16

most people avoid them, staying silent,

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missing opportunities, and holding themselves back. I

21:20

know this is true because I

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used to be one of those people.

21:24

As a kid, I struggled to

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fit in and I was afraid to

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speak up. That fear followed me

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into adulthood until I realized something powerful.

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Negotiation isn't a talent, it's a

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professionals advancing their careers. If

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you want to handle tough conversations, get

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what you deserve, and take control

21:58

of your future. This podcast is for

22:00

you. I'm Kwame Christian, host of

22:02

Negotiate Anything, the number one negotiation podcast

22:04

in the world where you'll learn

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one simple truth. You don't get what

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you deserve. You get what

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anything on the iHeartRadio app, Apple

22:15

Podcast, or wherever you get your podcast. You're

22:29

listening to Part Time Genius and

22:31

we're talking about the eccentricities of elevator

22:33

etiquette. All right, Mango. So we

22:35

talked about the elevator's effect on our

22:37

architecture and daily routines. Now

22:39

let's talk about how elevators affected the

22:41

people who rode them. Because when you

22:43

think about it, passenger elevators really created

22:46

a new kind of social situation, like

22:48

one that's strangely intimate, yet impersonal at

22:50

the same time. It's always a little

22:52

bit weird to be in an elevator

22:54

full of people or even more weird

22:56

to be with one person. But, you

22:58

know, this new dynamic raised all kinds

23:01

of questions about what was proper behavior

23:03

when riding an elevator. The

23:05

one hot debate, for example, was whether a man should

23:07

remove his hat while riding in an elevator with

23:09

a woman. You know, I'm sure you think about this

23:11

all the time and really worry about, like, should

23:13

he take his hat off as he would in a

23:15

restaurant or leave it on as he would, you

23:17

know, on a train or a bus? I mean, it's

23:19

a lot to think about. I don't think I

23:22

even realized you're supposed to leave your hat on on

23:24

a bus. Yeah, leave it

23:26

on. But it's interesting because restaurants and

23:28

buses are both examples of public

23:30

spaces, right? So for elevators, it was

23:32

really more about whether they were

23:34

a mode of transportation or just another

23:36

room in a building, albeit a

23:38

moving room. So it's kind of a

23:40

tough call because both descriptions are

23:42

technically a fit for that. Yeah, it's

23:44

true. And I think that was

23:46

really. what threw people, like the elevator

23:48

was a mode of transportation inside

23:50

a building. So which set of rules

23:52

do you follow? Now, unlike

23:54

riding a bus, riding an

23:56

elevator brought unclear expectations for social

23:58

interaction. Like even if you

24:00

don't know the other passengers, you know that

24:03

they live or work in the same

24:05

building as you. And so there's this

24:07

sense that you should at least acknowledge that

24:09

in some way, whether by nodding or

24:11

smiling or making small talk or whatever. Right,

24:13

but we never want to be the

24:15

person to make that call, right? Like

24:17

everyone wants to wait for the other person

24:20

to make the first move in the

24:22

situation. So it always creates this, I

24:24

don't know, like anxiety or tension or

24:26

something. No, I don't know. I usually just

24:28

go ahead and get in and get

24:30

everybody a hug and just get that

24:32

out of the way. Exactly. And it feels

24:34

like now more than 150 years after

24:36

their invention, we still haven't gotten over

24:38

those feelings of discomfort. It's like, despite

24:40

all the advances in elevator design, The one

24:42

thing we can't seem to resolve is

24:44

this inherent awkwardness of taking this short

24:47

ride with other strangers. So I

24:49

am curious if you know what causes that.

24:51

Like what makes it feel so awkward? Yeah,

24:53

I was definitely curious about this. This was

24:55

actually one of the first things we were

24:57

looking into this week. And it turns out

24:59

there are a few reasons. So

25:01

one deals with something that international tourists

25:03

hear a lot, which is that

25:05

we Americans love our personal space. So

25:08

typically we like to keep at least

25:10

an arms length of distance between us and

25:12

other people. And the elevator

25:14

is one of the rare places where

25:17

that's not always possible. And so that's,

25:19

you know, what brings on some of

25:21

that awkwardness. Now, the other thing that

25:23

was is a bit more universal. And

25:25

that's that most of us are at

25:27

least a little bit anxious of being

25:29

trapped. in a steel box, which may

25:31

sound obvious. And not only that, you're

25:33

dangling from a roof by this cable.

25:35

And that's despite the fact that elevators

25:38

are actually super safe. In fact, they

25:40

are one of the safest ways to

25:42

travel, period. So for

25:44

example, about 1 ,900 people die

25:46

taking the stairs each year, which

25:48

is just a really bizarre fact.

25:50

But according to Consumer Watch, there

25:53

are only about 27 elevator -related deaths

25:55

Per year worldwide not gonna be

25:57

honest. I wouldn't even know it

25:59

was it was that much and

26:01

considering that elevators make roughly 18

26:03

billion trips each year according to

26:06

the LA Times that works out

26:08

to an exceptionally low fatality rate.

26:10

It's about a point zero zero

26:12

zero zero zero zero one five

26:14

percent per trip So you know

26:16

the awkwardness you feel in an

26:18

elevator is very real, but the

26:21

sense of danger not so much

26:23

Well, I mean, that definitely tracks with what

26:25

I learned this week about the origin

26:27

of elevator music. So I'd always assumed that

26:29

the music was there to calm people's

26:31

nerves and make them less worried about going,

26:33

you know, something going wrong. But according

26:35

to elevator historians, of which there are actually

26:38

a great many I found out this

26:40

week, elevator music was really invented to help

26:42

alleviate boredom and to fill that awkward

26:44

silence that comes from riding a lift with

26:46

strangers. I do kind of like the

26:48

awkward silence was just assumed. Like, of course,

26:50

people will choose that over small talk

26:52

with a stranger, you know? I know. And

26:54

I guess building owners were like, we

26:56

know you aren't going to talk to each

26:58

other. So here's some music to fill

27:00

that void where I guess the human interaction

27:02

is supposed to go. I mean, it's

27:04

too bad it doesn't really work. I mean,

27:06

in reality, there is no escaping the

27:08

awkward or... not until you hit the closed

27:10

door button really quickly when you see

27:12

a stranger coming just to avoid the whole

27:14

situation entirely. So here's the thing I

27:16

learned about that. You know, it turns out

27:18

that closing the elevator door on a

27:20

stranger doesn't really work. And that's because the

27:22

closed door button in most American elevators

27:24

is ineffective. It actually, I guess,

27:26

sort of makes sense. I always suspected

27:28

that was the case. But is this

27:30

by design or do the buttons just

27:32

malfunction a lot? Or like, what's happening

27:34

here? It is by design. So the

27:36

reason why is pretty interesting. Apparently, when

27:39

the Americans with Disabilities Act was first

27:41

passed in 1990, it included a list

27:43

of requirements for elevators. And these

27:45

were things like raised buttons, Braille signs. And

27:47

another requirement was that elevator doors had to

27:49

remain open for at least three seconds. And

27:51

that way, someone with a disability would have

27:53

enough time to get inside before the doors

27:55

closed. Some manufacturers complied with the

27:57

law by ensuring that the closed -door buttons

27:59

don't cut that time short, but others

28:02

just want to step further and deactivated the

28:04

button entirely just to cover their bases. Still,

28:07

there are some exceptions to this. New York

28:09

City has a law that requires that all

28:11

elevators have to have a working closed -door

28:13

button, but the buttons are on a delay,

28:15

so it kind of defeats the purpose. And

28:18

of course, other countries have their own

28:20

laws about closed -door buttons, so all the

28:22

ones in England are fully functional, for instance.

28:24

I mean, it makes you wonder why

28:26

our elevators even have these. If they're all

28:28

deactivated, why bother with having them anyway?

28:30

I think part of it is like a

28:32

placebo effect. Like having a button to

28:34

match just makes us feel a little bit

28:36

more in control of the situation, especially

28:38

when we're in a rush or like, you

28:40

know, whatever. But, you know, elevators aren't

28:42

the only place that we see this kind

28:44

of thing. So according to Mental Floss,

28:46

and this is what they wrote, Quote, buttons

28:48

placed at city crosswalks are often disabled,

28:50

and the thermostats in many office buildings are

28:52

rigged so that the temperatures can't be

28:54

altered, even if the numbers appear to change.

28:56

And it's a little annoying, but I

28:58

can also, you know, see the logic there.

29:00

Like, people can be pretty impatient, and

29:02

having this button to push does help pass

29:04

the time, I guess, even if it's

29:06

not actually doing anything. Yeah, I mean, who

29:08

doesn't like pushing buttons? Well, there's at

29:10

least one other good thing about elevator rides

29:12

that I did want to mention. And

29:14

strangely enough, it stems from that social awkwardness

29:16

that we've been talking about. But before

29:18

we get to that, let's take one last

29:20

quick break. The

29:24

big guests continue on Las Culturistas.

29:26

This week, it's the very funny

29:28

Amy Poehler. Don't overthink it. They

29:30

talk water. We did not drink

29:32

water growing up. Water was not

29:34

a thing. Parenting. You got teen

29:37

boys. This is like the black

29:39

diamond of parenting. And, of course,

29:41

I don't think so, honey. Horror

29:43

movies. OK. OK. Amy Poehler is

29:45

on Las Cult. Oh. The

29:47

latest episode drops Wednesday. Listen to

29:49

Las Culturistas on the I Heart Radio

29:51

app or wherever you listen to

29:53

podcast. Peace to the

29:55

planet. I go by the name

29:57

of Shalameen the God and guess what?

29:59

I wait to see y 'all at

30:02

the third annual Black Effect podcast festival.

30:04

That's right. We're coming back to Atlanta,

30:06

Georgia, Saturday, April 26th at Pullman Yards,

30:08

and it's hosted by none other than

30:10

Decisions, Decisions, Mandy B, and Weezy. Okay,

30:12

we got the R &B Money podcast

30:14

with Tank and Jay Valentine. We got

30:16

the Woman of All podcast with Sarah

30:19

Jake Roberts, the Funky Friday podcast

30:21

with Cam Newton, the Nekka Sports podcast

30:23

with Carrie Champion, Good Mom Bad Choices

30:25

podcast, the Trap Nerd podcast, and many

30:27

more will be on that stage And

30:29

of course it's bigger than podcasts. We're

30:31

bringing the black effect marketplace with black

30:33

owned businesses plus the full truck

30:35

court to keep you fed while you

30:38

visit us, all right? Listen, you don't

30:40

want to miss this. Tap in and

30:42

grab your tickets now at blackeffect.com slash

30:44

podcast fest. There's a lot in life

30:46

that feels like it should be

30:48

guaranteed that just isn't. Fortunately, AT &T guarantees

30:50

connectivity you can depend on, or they'll

30:52

make it right. AT &T, connecting changes

30:55

everything. Terms and conditions apply, visit att.com

30:57

slash guarantee to learn more. This

30:59

is Courtside with Laura Corrente, the podcast

31:01

that's changing the game and breaking down

31:03

the business of women's sports like never

31:05

before. I'm Laura, the founder

31:08

and CEO of Deep Blue Sports and

31:10

Entertainment. You're inside source on the

31:12

biggest deals, power moves, and game changers,

31:14

writing the playbook on all things

31:16

women's sports. From the heavy hitters in

31:18

the front office to the powerhouse

31:20

women on the pitch, We're talking to

31:23

commissioners, team owners, influential athletes, and

31:25

the investors betting big on women's sports.

31:27

We'll break down the numbers, get under the hood,

31:30

and go deep on what's next. Women's

31:32

sports are the moment. So if you're

31:34

not paying attention, you're already

31:36

behind. Join me courtside for a

31:38

front row seat into the making of the business

31:40

of women's sports. Courtside with Laura

31:42

Crenty is an I Heart Women's Sports

31:44

production in partnership with Deep Blue Sports and

31:47

Entertainment. Listen to Quartzside with

31:49

Laura Crenty starting April 3rd on

31:51

the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or

31:53

wherever you get your podcasts. In

32:16

combination with my three -year -old,

32:18

we defend the show that

32:20

everyone else hates. I'm

32:23

talking, of course, about

32:25

Paw Patrol. There's some things that

32:27

really piss me off when it

32:29

comes to Paw Patrol. It's pretty simple.

32:31

It sucks. If my son watches

32:33

Paw Patrol, I hate it. Everyone

32:35

hates it, except for me.

32:37

Plus, we investigate everything from why

32:40

American sirens are so invariably

32:42

loud. to the impact of face

32:44

blindness on social connection, to

32:46

the secret behind Thomas' English muffins,

32:48

perfect nooks and crannies. And

32:50

also, we go after

32:53

Joe Rogan. Are you

32:55

ready, Joe? I'm coming for

32:57

you. You won't want to

32:59

miss it. Listen to Revisionist History on

33:01

the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever

33:03

you get your podcasts. Welcome

33:16

back to part time genius. Okay.

33:18

Well, so so you piqued my interest

33:20

before the break and you've got

33:22

to tell me What's the upside to

33:24

an awkward encounter in an elevator?

33:26

Well in a word the upside is

33:28

serendipity I mean that the nature

33:30

of the experience encourages these these sort

33:33

of chance developments and sometimes they

33:35

turn out to be really good ones

33:37

and you never quite know what

33:39

will happen in an elevator and so

33:41

by being squeezed into this small

33:43

space with a stranger even for a

33:45

brief moment we're forced to think

33:47

about and respond to somebody else's existence.

33:49

And that's something we don't have to do

33:51

very often outside of the elevator. Is that

33:53

true? Because it feels like I interact with

33:56

strangers in public spaces all the time. Like,

33:58

if I go to a restaurant or if

34:00

I'm in a checkout line? Well, that's true.

34:02

But in those cases, the interactions are pretty

34:04

predetermined if you think about it. Like, you

34:06

know that you'll be interacting with a waiter

34:08

or a cashier or whoever it may be. you

34:10

know what to expect when you do,

34:13

like you'll talk about food options or

34:15

how much something costs, but apart from

34:17

small, intentional encounters like that, most of

34:19

us are actually pretty isolated in public

34:21

spaces. You know, we're either in our

34:23

cars or at our desk, or maybe

34:25

you're out and about and, you know,

34:28

and you see people, but our eyes

34:30

are sort of glued to our phone

34:32

screens and all of that acts as

34:34

a barrier between us and these unprescribed

34:37

interactions, but in an elevator, all bets

34:39

are off. Like, you never know who's going

34:41

to step in that box with you

34:43

or what they might say or do when

34:45

they're in there. And so that's a

34:47

good thing. I mean, at least in theory,

34:49

that uncertainty is probably where a good

34:52

deal of the awkwardness stems from, but it's

34:54

also the catalyst for some lucky breaks. So

34:56

think about how many romantic comedies you've

34:58

seen where Somebody stumbles into their soulmate in

35:00

an elevator or how many success stories

35:03

started with an elevator pitch to a CEO

35:05

who couldn't get away because they're right

35:07

there in this box with you. And it's

35:09

called an elevator pitch. Exactly. And, you

35:11

know, if that still doesn't convince you that

35:13

the potential awkwardness is worth it, take

35:15

it from science. So researchers have

35:17

long looked to elevators for insight and

35:19

do all kinds of social behavior, like

35:22

how smiling improves our willingness to stand

35:24

near strangers or. How standing in the

35:26

back is a power play because it

35:28

lets you observe all the other passengers.

35:31

So elevators are this fertile

35:33

environment for experimentation, and

35:35

that's exactly because they force us out

35:37

of our comfort zones. That's really

35:39

interesting. I have thought about elevator experiments

35:41

and the one where you're facing

35:44

the opposite way or whatever, but I

35:46

didn't realize that they're such a

35:48

smart place to investigate interactions. It

35:50

does make me think, though, you know,

35:52

there are these new fangled elevators with

35:54

these new inventions and it makes you

35:56

wonder about how society will interact after

35:58

that. And why do you say that?

36:01

Well, I don't know if you well, I'm

36:03

sure you've seen this actually There's this

36:05

thing called destination dispatch and it's basically a

36:07

way to group together passengers who have

36:09

similar destinations It's not like the current system

36:11

where you step into an elevator and

36:13

then request the floor you want in from

36:15

inside the elevator Instead you select the

36:17

floor outside from this touch screen in the

36:19

lobby and then you're directed to an

36:22

elevator car that's headed in your direction Yeah,

36:24

I feel like we've seen these, you

36:26

know, in a lot of the sort of

36:28

newer, fancier office buildings in New York

36:30

these days. Yeah, Conde Nast is one example.

36:32

But you know, the system is obviously

36:34

meant to cut down on wasted time and

36:36

energy. But from what you've been saying,

36:38

like it sounds like it might cut down

36:40

on that serendipity as well. If

36:42

everyone is bound for the same floor,

36:44

it's a lot less likely that a mailroom

36:46

clerk has that opportunity to bump into

36:48

the executive who who, you know, might implement

36:50

or be influenced by their idea. I

36:52

mean, that is kind of a bummer, unless,

36:54

of course, you're someone who is just

36:57

tired of being accosted by male clerks. I

36:59

mean, it's a big problem these days,

37:01

Mango. But I don't want to give the

37:03

impression that the elevator's best days are

37:05

behind it. In fact, there are some new

37:07

advancements that I'm actually looking forward to

37:09

checking out myself, which feels strange to say

37:11

about elevators, but it's true. So just

37:13

to think about some examples here. You

37:15

know, a company in Germany has been

37:17

working on a new kind of elevator

37:19

that moves up and down the rails

37:21

using this magnetic levitation system instead of

37:23

cables. And so not only would this

37:26

improve efficiency by allowing multiple cars to

37:28

operate in the same shaft since, you

37:30

know, they no longer need their own

37:32

cables, it would also greatly reduce

37:34

the amount of energy it takes to run

37:36

them. And if none of that

37:38

is a hook enough for you, consider

37:40

this. A traditional elevator can only move

37:42

up and down along the axis of

37:45

its cable. But a maglev

37:47

elevator isn't restricted by cables, which

37:49

means it can also move horizontally

37:51

as well as vertically. So

37:53

you could build this complete loop inside

37:55

a building and even have elevators move between

37:57

shafts in order to find like the

37:59

fastest route to where they needed to be.

38:01

That's fascinating. So it's basically like real

38:04

world Wonka Vaters. Yeah, pretty much. And it

38:06

might still be a while before we

38:08

can travel like Willy Wonka, but scientists are

38:10

hard at work on it. I'm pretty

38:12

sure of this. Well, I'm definitely looking forward

38:14

to that one. But before we head

38:16

out, why don't we do the fact off?

38:28

So did you know it's illegal to pee

38:30

in an elevator in Singapore? I mean,

38:32

I assume it's illegal to pee in an

38:34

elevator in Singapore. Yeah. Okay. Well, you're

38:36

pretty smart. I know, but everybody might not

38:38

know that, but there's more to it.

38:40

So elevators there come equipped with a urine

38:42

detection device. So they're taking this to

38:44

another level. So no pun intended there. So

38:46

if you do pee, it sets off

38:48

an alarm and the doors slam shut. And

38:50

then you just have to wait there

38:53

in shame until the police arrive to ticket

38:55

you. I've got to be honest, like,

38:57

I know they go overboard with a lot

38:59

of things, but I do actually kind

39:01

of find this amazing. I really hope they

39:03

come up with a contraption to do

39:05

that at their pools too. Like all a

39:07

sudden this like cover closes you in.

39:09

All the water drains out and then you're

39:11

just standing there. Speaking

39:14

of bathrooms, did you know that

39:16

Japan is actually considering putting toilets and

39:18

running water in their elevators? While

39:20

that sounds like an unnecessary luxury, there's

39:23

actually a reason for it. The country

39:25

has a ton of earthquakes. And

39:27

when that happens, the elevators just get

39:29

stuck. So it's to offer a little

39:31

bit of relief and dignity in those

39:33

hours that you might be stuck in

39:35

an elevator. That actually, when you first

39:37

said it, it was confusing. But you

39:39

know what? That actually does make a

39:41

lot of sense. And that's thoughtful to

39:44

do that. All right, so here's one

39:46

I love. So during the French resistance,

39:48

the French severed the cables to the

39:50

Eiffel Tower elevator so that Hitler wouldn't

39:52

take a photo op at the top

39:54

of it. Apparently the idea of climbing

39:56

over 1500 stairs was just enough to

39:58

keep him away. That's crazy. Do you

40:00

know there's a subculture of elevator enthusiasts?

40:02

And it is really, really sweet. It's

40:04

often people on the autism spectrum and

40:06

they bond over their love of elevators.

40:08

So they film the buttons, they capture

40:10

how the motors sound and where they

40:13

document their rides on pretty normal elevators.

40:15

And sometimes it's narrated and sometimes it

40:17

isn't. But Slate did an article on

40:19

this and the author wrote, quote, while

40:21

I've never found my journeys in real

40:23

life elevators to be particularly therapeutic, I

40:25

find these videos very soothing. I

40:27

could see that. That's pretty neat. All

40:29

right. So you've heard of the Burj

40:32

Khalifa, you know, that's 160 stories like

40:34

830 meters tall, I think. Massive. Yeah.

40:36

That's the first time I've ever measured

40:38

something in meters, but I forgot to

40:40

convert that. So we'll let Charles or

40:42

one of the listeners weigh in and

40:44

give us that fact. So, all right.

40:46

So get this. Apparently it's so tall

40:48

that you can watch the same sunset

40:50

or sunrise in the same day. Like

40:53

you watch it from the ground and then

40:55

you take their super fast elevator to the top

40:57

of the building and you can actually catch

40:59

it again. Oh man, that is unbelievable. Do you

41:01

remember when we went to go see that

41:03

eclipse in Nashville? Yeah, of course. I remember thinking

41:05

like, I wasn't that interested in the phenomena

41:07

and then I saw it and it was so

41:09

beautiful and I like immediately wanted to jet

41:11

forward and see it again. You know, like I

41:13

feel like that that kind of has that

41:15

same feel. Oh, totally. That's a great fact. I'm

41:17

going to give you today's trophy. You

41:19

know what? I'll take it. I feel like it's

41:21

been a little while. So this feels really good. All

41:23

right. Well, thanks to all of our listeners out

41:25

there for tuning in. We know how hard it is

41:28

to be stuck in your home. So thank you

41:30

for inviting us in with you. That's going to do

41:32

it for today's part time genius for myself, Mango,

41:34

Gabe and Lowell. Take care. We'll be back. with another

41:36

episode. Part

41:51

-time Genius is a production of iHeartRadio.

41:53

For more podcasts from iHeartRadio visit

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42:06

big guests continue on Las

42:08

Culturistas. This week, it's the very

42:10

funny Amy Poehler. Don't overthink

42:12

it. They talk water. We did

42:14

not drink water growing up.

42:16

Water was not a thing. Parenting.

42:18

You got teen boys. This

42:20

is like the black diamond of

42:22

parenting. And of course, I

42:24

don't think so, honey. Horror movies.

42:26

Okay. Okay. Amy Poehler is

42:28

on Las Colcha. The latest

42:30

episode drops Wednesday. Listen to Las Culturistas

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42:37

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42:41

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okay? We got the R &B Money podcast

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with Tank and Jay Valentine. We got

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the Woman of All podcast with Sarah

43:00

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