0:00

Good morning or good afternoon everyone, Happy Saturday.

0:03

It's Chuck here. Stuff you should know. It

0:05

is February and

0:08

Saturday Select time, because we are going

0:10

back to that day to talk about how nitrous

0:12

oxide works. And honestly, the reason

0:14

I picked this as this select is that I don't

0:17

even remember doing this one, so I'm gonna

0:19

listen again, and so should you. Welcome

0:27

to Stuff you Should Know, a production of

0:29

I Heart Radio. Wa

0:38

Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh

0:41

Clark Wal There's

0:43

Charles W Chuck frant Wall, and there's

0:45

Jerry And this is stuff

0:47

you should Wall Wall Wall Wall,

0:50

good podcast you're making. I'm

0:53

giggling like a schoolgirl. You're

0:55

making a I think I just topped you schoolgirl.

0:57

One echo e reverbi uh sal.

1:00

So this could only be about one thing,

1:03

nitrous ox side and that's right and two

1:05

oh, that's right. Hippie Crack, the

1:07

Bitter Mistress, Whippets, jazz

1:11

juice, Yeah why not? I

1:14

mean those are the street names that has

1:16

medical applicats. Some of those are made up. Yeah,

1:19

we're going to cover the whole gamut here. Yeah,

1:21

medical use and recreational use dangers.

1:24

Yeah, we're gonna do an episode on

1:26

nitrous oxide. That's right. Um,

1:29

so, Chuck, we should probably

1:31

start not at the beginning, but not at

1:33

the end, somewhere in the middle, because

1:35

the history of nitrous ox side is extraordinarily

1:38

interesting, just the history. Yeah,

1:41

we're gonna tell it out of order like pulp fiction.

1:44

That's right. See if you can recognize characters

1:46

from other movies like Vincent

1:49

Vegas Brother, Yeah,

1:52

Michael Madison was Vincent Vegas Brother. Did you

1:54

know that? Yeah? Oh, you knew that. I

1:56

did. Well, well, I don't think

1:58

that's not it's heavily as secret.

2:00

Did you notice that red Apple cigarettes

2:03

make an appearance in more than just pulp ficture? Yeah,

2:05

all right, I'm done. Did you notice that Quentin Tarantino

2:08

likes to write two hundred and seventy

2:10

five page scripts. Yeah, but

2:12

that's nothing compared to the five

2:14

hundred and eighty page

2:17

tomb that Humphrey Davy

2:19

wrote on nitros oxide. Very nice little

2:21

segue. All right, So we're not even talking about Humphrey

2:23

Davy yet. He's at the beginning. He's not even at the beginning,

2:25

but he's towards the beginning. We're gonna talk instead about

2:27

the sad saga of one Dr

2:29

Horace Wells d D S very

2:32

sad. Yeah. So Dr Horace Wells

2:34

was a dentist in new Haven, Connecticut.

2:37

I believe in the eighteen

2:39

forties. What is dds is that Dennis

2:41

Dennis see is

2:43

That's what that means. That's what I've always assumed it was.

2:46

And at this point everyone knows we just make most

2:48

of the stuff. We stay up. That's right.

2:51

Uh so you're right, sir. He was a dentist in Hotford,

2:53

Connecticut. It was Hartford, I said, new Haven.

2:56

Uh, what's the difference, as

2:58

long as it's in Connecticut. Uh. And this

3:00

was in the eighteen thirties and

3:02

U oh

3:05

man really yeah, maybe we should start

3:07

over. Wow wow

3:09

wow, all right. Uh.

3:11

He was a dentist in the eighteen thirties, and he recognized

3:14

something that all dentists of the day recognized,

3:16

which is everyone hates your

3:18

guts because you

3:20

are causing excruciating amounts

3:22

of pain on a daily basis to your patients.

3:24

Yeah. It's it's like, here's some whiskey,

3:27

Maybe bite on this broomstick.

3:29

Well, actually you can't do that because you're doing dynastry.

3:32

You can't even do that. Yeah, you ever heard the term?

3:34

It's like pulling teeth. That's where

3:36

it comes from, right, And and so Horace

3:38

Wells dds dentist dentists.

3:40

See. Uh. He felt

3:43

pretty bad about this enough so that, um,

3:45

he went to a traveling exhibition

3:47

once that came through town. And

3:50

this was in the eighteen forties, and it

3:52

was staged by a man named

3:53

h. A. Gardner Colton. That's

3:56

a great name, Gardner Quincy Colton. Yeah

3:58

he sounds like a like a rich

4:00

kid from Texas or yeah, or like a side

4:02

show showman, which is what he was, right.

4:05

And he actually was in medical school

4:07

for a little while. And while he was in med school he

4:09

was introduced to the wonders of huffing

4:12

nitrous oxide. Yes, and he

4:14

said, I'm not gonna do medical

4:16

school anymore. Ims is gonna drop out and hit the road

4:18

with tank the old hippie crack. Yeah

4:21

exactly, and show people what's what.

4:23

And so at one of these demonstrations in Hartford

4:26

and sometime in the eighteen forties, um,

4:29

he saw Colton give this demo

4:31

and and I guess right afterwards

4:34

saw a man run into the stage

4:36

or fell off the stage and hurt his

4:38

leg and Wells

4:40

went over. I was like, are you okay? And the guys like, what are

4:42

you talking about? And he said the bonus

4:44

sticking out of your legs, sir, And he's like, what's

4:46

the bone? Now? It wasn't

4:49

that bad, but he did say interesting.

4:52

Um, here's what I'll do. I'll get Colton

4:55

to come into my office tomorrow and my buddy

4:57

colleague John Riggs. I'll get Cold

5:00

to administer the gas and

5:02

I'll get Rigs to pull one of my teeth.

5:05

And uh he did so, and

5:07

he said I did not feel so much as the prick

5:09

of a pin. And he said, I think we're onto

5:11

something here, something called

5:13

pain free dentistry a k A. Please

5:16

stop hating me, right, And so Wells followed

5:18

in this really great tradition that really

5:21

stopped in I guess probably about the twentieth

5:24

century, mid the late twentieth century,

5:26

of where if you were a scientist you were

5:28

your own first human test subject. That

5:30

people still do that. Yeah,

5:33

apparently in um in Marvel Comics

5:35

they do. One of the greatest articles I've

5:37

ever read in any magazine anywhere

5:39

in all time throughout the universe, in perpetuity

5:42

is called blood spore, and it was

5:44

about the murder of a mycologist

5:48

scientists who studies mushrooms, and

5:50

um, it's really really

5:53

interesting. There's all sorts of weird like cold

5:55

case stuff to it, but there's also like

5:57

an under underlying thread where if

5:59

you're my oologists and you discover a mushroom,

6:02

you try it out on yourself, right, Like

6:04

that's just what they do still today. I

6:06

think that you tried it on yourself after you fed

6:08

it to your children, just to

6:10

see what happened, maybe your dog first, and then

6:13

you try it on you. Man. I'll bet those

6:15

those my collogist dogs were bandanas

6:18

then are super laid back. You know. Uh,

6:21

what's the name of the article? I want to check that out, blood Sport.

6:24

It's in Harper's which means it's behind

6:26

a paywall, but gotcha, it's It's

6:28

almost worth a year's subscription just for

6:30

that one. And Harper's archives are

6:32

definitely full of good articles.

6:34

Agreed. So Wells

6:37

was pretty happy because he knew he was onto

6:39

something there, and he said he performed

6:43

um, just dental procedures for

6:45

the next few weeks and months

6:47

on dozens of patients and they were all like this

6:49

is great, great, didn't feel a thing, Doc,

6:51

And he said, I think I'm ready. I wanna present

6:54

this to some Harvard medical students

6:56

in the establishment. And he got on stage

6:59

and uh he went to pull

7:01

a tooth and the guy started screaming. Yeah.

7:04

So, like after all of these tests, successful

7:07

tests, when he finally gets up the gumpch and to

7:10

give a successful demonstration, it

7:12

goes as bad as it could. And it's actually

7:14

called the Humbug affair because the

7:17

medical students shouted humbug and

7:20

what was the other swindler at him,

7:23

and he's like, no, I'm not, I'm not. I

7:25

swear this is for real, I really care about my

7:27

patients. In the room started spinning and he fell

7:29

over and when he came to, he was on skid

7:31

row, hooked on chloroform and nitrous

7:34

oxide. Yeah. He later went on to say

7:36

that, um, although wait, let me let me clarify,

7:39

you technically can't get hooked on nitrous

7:41

oxide. But he was huffing a lot of

7:43

nitrous oxide, right. Uh. Well,

7:46

although Davy, well we'll get to that a

7:48

spoiler. He went on to say that he thought

7:50

that he had probably withdrawn

7:53

too much too soon from the

7:55

guy, because as we'll

7:57

go on to talk about here in a little bit, um,

7:59

when you stop breathing in nitris,

8:01

you go back to normal pretty quickly quickly. So

8:04

he kind of just aired. I don't know, I would have gone

8:06

a little bit overboard for the demo. Sure,

8:08

on the same side, I would have been like ninety night

8:10

pal. But um,

8:12

yeah, he he became

8:15

well, like you said, not hooked, but a heavy

8:17

user of ether and chloroform in

8:22

the On his thirty third birthday,

8:24

he was I think awaiting arrival of his

8:27

He ended up living alone, moved and was waiting

8:29

on his wife and kid to come

8:31

to London. But by this time he'd sunk

8:33

into like a terrible depression,

8:35

right and uh he was alone because

8:38

his family wasn't able to join him yet. And he

8:41

flipped out on his thirty third birthday and went out

8:43

on the street and through acid on these two women flipped

8:45

out after going on like a chloroform vendor.

8:48

Yeah, and went to prison,

8:50

and in prison he sort of reached

8:53

He kept doing chloroform and ether in prison

8:55

because I guess you could get it, and

8:57

um hit rock bottom

9:00

and under an ether binge slashed

9:03

his femoral artery in his thigh

9:05

died. Well, yeah, he talked to the guard

9:08

into escorting him home to get

9:10

his shaving kit. And at home

9:12

it's like I need a big razor. I think at

9:14

home or maybe back if he's getting chloroform

9:17

in prison, it could have been there. He huffed

9:19

a dose of chloroform to anesthetize

9:21

himself and then he cut his femoral

9:24

artery. So to the end, he was a

9:26

believer in anesthesia, I

9:29

guess. So. However, um years

9:31

later, in eighteen sixty four, he

9:33

was He was recognized by the

9:35

A d A, the American Dental Association

9:38

as a pioneer of using

9:41

uh not ether But what

9:43

are we talking about two in dentistry

9:46

in two oh yeah, And do you know who

9:48

got him to that point? Well,

9:51

yeah, Gardner Colton. That's right.

9:53

He set up practice as a dentist

9:56

after all, and it was his successful

9:58

demonstrations that got the d A on board.

10:01

So now we need to go back in time. Yeah, even

10:03

further back. That's sort of the middle. So

10:06

we're in the way back machine. I

10:10

guess we didn't point out we were in there already. I

10:12

think everyone just assumed, and we go

10:14

back seventy years previous to

10:17

Horace Wells, to a

10:19

guy named Jason Priestley

10:22

Dylan, Sorry, no, Brandon, Joseph

10:25

Priestly. Oh that guy Jason

10:27

Priestley's dad, Yeah,

10:29

or great great great great great great great

10:31

grandfather. I don't think there was any relation. Actually,

10:33

you don't know, you're right, Joseph

10:36

Priestley. He was an

10:39

Englishman and he begins

10:42

Priestley, that's right. And he was a

10:44

big He was an

10:46

enlightened thinker, and he was a contemporary

10:48

Ben Franklin. And he was a smart guy

10:51

on a lot of different subjects. He was a polyglot.

10:54

Yeah, that's a good word for it. Cool guy. And

10:57

no, I'm sorry. He was a poly math math

10:59

a holly glodd as somebody speaks a bunch of different

11:02

languages. Poly Math is somebody who's in a bunch

11:04

of different fields. Yeah.

11:07

Probably. He was an enlightenment guy for

11:09

sure. And in the seventeen seventies

11:11

he was studying a love I think we should

11:13

go back to using only old terminology

11:16

because what they called gases back

11:18

then was the study of the airs, which

11:21

is great, totally makes sense. Gases.

11:24

It needs to shoot a duck and

11:27

he actually lived next to a brewery,

11:29

so he had a lot of access to CEO two

11:32

and very smartly created a

11:35

device called the pneumatic trough to

11:37

isolate gases, collect and isolate these

11:39

gases, and he was good at it so well. A guy named

11:42

Steven Hales actually created the

11:44

first pneumatic trough, which is actually pretty

11:47

simple invention. It's neat though, so like

11:49

you have a tube. Let's say you

11:51

have a fire and you want to collect carbon monoxide

11:53

from it. You basically have a tube that collects

11:56

it the smoke that's coming off of it,

11:58

and the tube goes into

12:01

a vat of water and up into

12:03

a like a glass

12:06

bell jar that's upside down. It's inverted

12:08

so that there's there's air at the top. I

12:10

think the principle is similar. And so

12:13

the smoke goes into the water and then

12:15

goes up and is filtered

12:17

through the water. And what the gas you have on

12:19

the other end is whatever you're looking for, or

12:22

a bunch of different gases that you can study and pure

12:24

form simplistically beautiful. It is

12:26

so um priestly had his

12:28

own that he made the pneumatic trough, and

12:30

this guy actually isolated

12:33

eight different gases or

12:35

airs for the first time, which

12:37

apparently is a record. Still. Yeah, I don't

12:39

know what the record is like most gases discovered

12:41

in a single lifetime. Okay,

12:44

I guess all right, that's

12:46

good it is. I don't know that there's any

12:49

more gases to discover. I wonder,

12:51

and who studies that kind of thing? What do you call

12:54

somebody who studies gases an

12:56

arologists, anist?

12:58

Well, if you do that right into us,

13:01

because I want to know all about that, and if there's

13:03

if you guys think there's any gases left to be discovered

13:05

here on earth. Agreed. Alright,

13:08

let's take a break before we talk about Humphrey Davy

13:11

because he's This is where the story gets really good.

13:32

That was quite a break. Yeah, I

13:34

can't believe you broke that lamp. That

13:36

was upset, all

13:39

right, Humphrey Davy. Uh.

13:42

He worked at a place called the Newmatic Institute,

13:45

and they used gases

13:47

as for therapy, curative therapies,

13:50

and he got into

13:53

using them on himself, which, like you said, was sort

13:55

of the thing to do at the time, you experiment

13:57

on yourself. Right. Plus, as the author

13:59

of this Rolling Stone article from nineteen seventy

14:02

five that I read pointed out he

14:04

was also like twenty at the time, so

14:06

it totally makes sense that he would like half

14:09

a bunch of nitrous oxide and then

14:11

the call it science, right, but he

14:13

I mean, it really was science. So this guy

14:16

apparently had tried it a few

14:18

times before, but then his big

14:20

experiment, his first huge experiment was

14:22

on Boxing Day of seventeen, right,

14:25

which is December. It's very

14:27

important that you remember December. Why

14:32

is it important, Well, it was Boxing Day,

14:34

but it was also literally

14:37

box day because Humphrey David

14:40

got into a box and had

14:42

some guy pump in was it like

14:44

twenty courts? Yeah, he's he stepped

14:46

into a seal box and he requested a

14:49

physician, like a real doctor, to release

14:52

twenty courts because otherwise it'd just

14:54

be crazy, right. He

14:57

released twenty courts of nitrous oxide

14:59

every five minute as long as I'm conscious.

15:02

That must have been the safe words. I'm

15:05

passed out. And he went for an hour

15:07

and fifteen minutes like that in this box,

15:10

and then he stepped out and apparently grabbed

15:12

some oil skins or

15:15

also called gas bags, and

15:17

um huffed another twenty courts

15:19

right afterward. And they're like,

15:21

how are you still standing? And

15:23

he goes, I'm not I'm flying. He basically

15:26

did. He had a great disposition

15:28

to laugh, which eventually is where laughing

15:30

gas would come from. He talked

15:33

about shining packets of

15:35

light and energy. He talked about objects

15:38

dazzling in their intensity, and sounds amplified

15:41

into a cacophony that echoed through infinite

15:43

space and losing all

15:45

connection to external things. It's pretty

15:48

cool. So we there's this really great article

15:50

on the public Domain Review and it's

15:52

called oh excellent, gas bag, gas

15:55

bag or airbag, airbag, air bag,

15:57

I'm sorry, which is a quote from

15:59

a poet that was friends with Humphrey Davy,

16:01

who became the Poet Laureate of Great

16:03

Britain. Later on Um

16:05

and the the

16:08

Um, the author really does a good job

16:10

of describing what nitrous oxide

16:12

does to you, almost suspiciously good.

16:16

So um. They say

16:18

that the first signature

16:21

was it's curiously benign sweet taste, followed

16:23

by a general pressure in the head as he continued

16:25

to inhale. Within thirty seconds, the

16:27

sensation of soft, probing pressure

16:29

had extended to his chest and the tips of

16:31

his fingers and toes. This was accompanied

16:34

by a vibrant burst of pleasure and a gradual

16:36

change in the world around him. Objects

16:38

became brighter and clearer, and the space

16:40

in the cramped box seemed to expand and take

16:42

on unfamiliar dimensions. Now

16:45

under the influence of the largest dose of nitrous

16:47

oxide anyone had ever taken, these

16:49

effects were intensified to levels he could not

16:51

have imagined. So

16:54

I keep going, sure,

16:56

do you want to do? You want to take over? I

16:58

think it's better when we break it up. I'm gonna the southy

17:00

part. So okay. His hearing

17:02

became fantastically acute, allowing

17:05

him to distinguish every sound in the room,

17:07

and seemingly from far beyond, a vast,

17:09

distant hump wah wah wah

17:11

wah, perhaps the vibration of the universe

17:14

itself. In his field of vision, the objects

17:16

around him were teasing themselves apart into shining

17:18

packets of light and energy. He was

17:21

rising effortlessly in a new world whose existence

17:23

he had never suspected. Somehow, the whole

17:25

experience was irresistibly funny.

17:28

So Robert Southey, his buddy you mentioned

17:30

the future poet laureate. He brought

17:32

him in afterward, He was like, I gotta get

17:35

some more people in on this fantastic

17:37

I gotta share this. Yeah, that's what you do. So he brought

17:39

in Southey, got him

17:41

high, and he wrote his brother

17:44

Tom a letter that said,

17:46

oh Tom, exclamation

17:48

point, such a gas as Davy

17:50

discovered the gaseous oxid.

17:53

Oh Tom again, exclamation

17:55

point, I have had some. It made me laugh

17:58

and single and every toe and fingertip. Davy

18:00

has actually invented a new pleasure for

18:02

which language has no name. Oh Tom,

18:06

I am going for more this evening. It

18:08

makes one strong and so happy, so gloriously

18:10

happy. Oh excellent air

18:12

bag exclamation Boyit pretty

18:15

great stuff, No wonder he was so

18:18

in the summer of after

18:21

they closed the shop down the Pneumatic Institution.

18:23

During the day he would invite

18:26

surgeons and playwrights and poets and

18:28

chemists and anyone who was interested

18:31

who we could get the word to to come

18:33

in there and huff nitrius um.

18:36

I was about to see under the guise of experimentation,

18:38

but it really was because he would he

18:40

learned that he was really finding

18:42

that there were It was a language experiment

18:44

because no one could accurately describe

18:46

what they were feeling with English words

18:49

right exactly. They He found

18:52

that very strange and insignificant

18:54

that people would just come out and just

18:57

couldn't put it into into words. Their

18:59

experience it was, I mean, it was a brand new sensation

19:01

there was. Um. One guy, James Thompson

19:03

said, we must either invent new terms to

19:06

express these new and peculiar sensations or

19:08

attach new ideas to old ones before

19:10

we can communicate intelligently or

19:12

I'm sorry, intelligibly with each other

19:15

on the operation of this extraordinary

19:17

gas. I think um Samuel

19:19

Taylor Coleridge, the great poet,

19:21

um put it best. He put

19:23

it really succinctly. He basically said that it

19:26

was like coming in from the snow

19:29

into a warm room.

19:31

Yeah. So what happened was he did these experiments

19:33

with these people. They eventually got kind of tired of it.

19:36

He experimented on himself, like not even

19:38

in the room. He just would fill up a big balloon

19:40

or not a balloon but a silk bag and

19:43

just walk around England huffing.

19:47

And he found himself getting

19:50

psychologically hooked at least because

19:53

he said, he confessed that the desire

19:55

to breathe the gas is awakened

19:57

in me by the sight of a person breathing.

20:00

So he would just see someone walking and breathing and think,

20:02

oh man, I wish I had some gas. That's

20:04

how they call it, hippie crack. Yeah, exactly.

20:07

So everyone else fell away. He was only experimenting

20:09

with themselves for a little while. Then he brings in Coleridge

20:12

and they really buddied up, and

20:14

um he I think they were just kind of saw

20:17

eye to eye on the gas, like

20:19

neither one of them wanted to cease using it.

20:22

And so again, though you have to

20:24

point out all this time, while he's under

20:26

the he's just huffing nitrous basically constantly.

20:29

Humphrey Davy is still remaining a

20:31

man of science. Right, So remember December

20:36

was the day that the Boxing Day experiment

20:38

took place, right by Easter.

20:41

Just a few months later, he'd written a

20:43

five hundred and eighty page scientific

20:46

treatise on nitrous

20:48

oxide and its effects on humans

20:50

and animals. Should I read the

20:52

title, Yeah, Researches chemical

20:55

and philosophical chiefly concerning

20:57

nitrous oxide or deep

21:00

Oh man, what is that word? Deflogisticated

21:02

nitrous air and its respiration

21:06

was the name of it? Yes, So in that

21:08

book he he mentioned something,

21:10

um kind of I guess off handedly.

21:13

He says that as nitrous oxide appears

21:15

capable of destroying physical pain, it

21:17

may probably be used with advantage during

21:19

surgical operations in which no great effusion

21:21

of blood takes place. Yes, so not like open

21:23

heart surgery, but maybe

21:26

if you're going to set someone's broken arm.

21:28

Right, So he says this, But

21:31

it's another forty years

21:33

before Horace Wells starts

21:36

trying to use nitrous oxide as an anesthetic.

21:39

Up to that point, it's basically just

21:41

a high society drug that

21:43

people have like nitrous parties with. That

21:46

was the fate of nitrous oxide

21:48

from eighteen hundred to about the eighteen forties.

21:51

And then Horace Wells picks it up and it

21:53

becomes brought into the medical field.

21:56

Yeah, they finally start using it for its intended

21:58

Uh, well, what would end up being its intended purpose?

22:01

That's still used today and

22:04

uh. In fact, nitrous oxide

22:06

is the number one inhaled anesthetic

22:09

in the medical profession. Asked

22:11

for it by name. And here's the

22:13

deal though, when you get it in the at

22:15

the dentist, they can actually

22:17

vary it, but it never goes more than a seventy

22:20

thirty mix. I saw that too. This article

22:22

says it's always a fifty fifty mix. That's not

22:24

right. So it's it's um no

22:26

more than nitrous yeah,

22:29

which is very much key, as you'll learn, because

22:31

one of the big dangers of

22:33

doing it recreationally is not

22:36

mixing it with oxygen. If

22:38

you mix it with oxygen, like, you're

22:40

fine, You're totally fine. Um.

22:43

So it's kind of nuts chuck that

22:46

with nitrous oxide.

22:48

We spent at least a hundred and fifty

22:50

years and still the day we're not a million

22:52

percent sure, but at least

22:54

a hundred and fifty years using it medically

22:57

without understanding how it worked. Yeah,

23:00

it's like you said, though, it's still a little dicey. It

23:02

is a little bit dice you know. It makes you

23:04

feel good, right, It does the

23:06

trick, and it kicks in your your dopamine

23:08

and all the pleasure receptors. So it's

23:10

it's classified as three things. It's an analgesic,

23:13

which means that it kills pain. It's a it's

23:15

an anesthetic, but it's actually not a true

23:17

anesthetic. And uh, it's

23:19

an anxioltic, which

23:22

means it diminishes anxiety. And

23:24

so I found this two thousand six paper

23:27

UM and it basically

23:29

says, here's what we think is going on.

23:32

So within anxiolytic um

23:35

it triggers the same UM response

23:38

in the brain as a benzodiazepin, which

23:41

is like valium or annex or something like that.

23:43

So it actually does cut down an anxiety,

23:45

which is why they dentist will use it

23:47

for like little kids or patients who are like

23:50

nervous about going to the dentists. Get

23:52

a little gas, probably not a seventy

23:54

thirty concentration, just a little bit,

23:56

and it will cut down on your anxiety and you're

23:59

totally I doc, go ahead and do whatever you

24:01

like. Yeah, UM, as far as an

24:03

analgesic is concerned, it actually does

24:06

have a tremendous amount of UM

24:08

an ability to cut down on pain. And

24:11

it does so by activating

24:13

your opioids that those are released,

24:16

opioids are producing the brain and your oh

24:18

sorry, opioid receptors are

24:20

activated as well. And then it

24:23

also goes to your spinal column and messes

24:25

with its ability to UM to process

24:28

pain there too. And they say that

24:30

something like a just a thirty percent

24:32

concentration of nitrous oxide is

24:35

equal to about ten to fifteen milligrams

24:37

of morphine. Yeah, and that's if

24:39

it's fifty fifty or below with oxygen.

24:41

It's on the analgesic side,

24:44

I think up to the se is when

24:46

it is known as an anesthetic, right,

24:48

And so it's not technically an anesthetic

24:50

in that if you if

24:53

you huff that until you lost

24:55

consciousness, you're probably

24:57

in big trouble. You don't want to use

24:59

nitro sock side for that, and anesthetists

25:01

know that kind of thing. But it's

25:04

used usually as an aid to a general

25:06

anesthetic, right, And it

25:08

does have anesthetic properties, but it's a

25:10

dissociative anesthetic, kind of like ketamine,

25:13

which means that it goes after your n M d A

25:16

receptors, which have to do with

25:18

memory formation and they

25:20

control UM like neural firing,

25:23

right, And it it has a

25:25

dissociative effect, which is why when

25:27

you're on nitris you feel like you

25:29

have left your body. You've

25:31

gone back the time you died and are

25:34

being reborn. Yeah. And one of the um we'll

25:36

talk a little bit more about childbirth later, but

25:38

UM one of the quotes I saw from a childbirth

25:40

nurse. Um, they said they

25:43

the mothers who use it during childbirth

25:45

are that sometimes they can

25:47

still feel pain, they just don't care about it, which

25:50

would be the disassociative quality exactly.

25:52

But I don't get because you said it was an

25:54

analgesic. Yeah, I mean, well,

25:57

I guess maybe childbirth is so painful

26:00

I can't knock it out completely. And also, I mean,

26:02

like with anesthetics of any kind,

26:04

UM or even analgesics, any any person

26:06

is going to have different reactions, varying

26:08

reactions to different drugs, you know. UM,

26:11

So that's that's kind of the current

26:14

state of understanding with UM

26:17

the what nitrous does

26:19

to the brain. Right, you can also

26:21

find nitrous elsewhere outside of medical settings

26:23

to right, Yeah, you can find in a can of ready whip

26:26

or if you UM, A

26:29

lot of chefs will have their own UM

26:32

nitrous canister to put whatever they want

26:34

in it to be used as a propellant.

26:37

So, uh, it works really

26:39

well with fatty liquids and heavy

26:41

creams and things. So what happens is

26:43

the gases in their compressed into a liquid

26:45

and mixed with the cream because it's it's

26:48

fat soluble, highly

26:50

pressurized, but as soon as

26:52

you open that thing up, it turns

26:54

back into a gas and expands it like

26:57

four times. So that's why the whip cream will

26:59

come shooting out. What's neat is you

27:01

could buy ready Whip twenty

27:03

years hence, after it sat in

27:06

a garage in Tampa, Florida,

27:08

say somewhere hot and muggy,

27:11

and shake it up and

27:13

pour it out, and that whipped cream will

27:15

be totally fresh, not the least bit rancid.

27:18

That's because nitrous oxide

27:20

totally displaces air and oxygen,

27:23

so no bacteria can can form inside

27:26

a can of Ready Whip or any other instant

27:29

whip cream. Well, and that displacement of oxygen

27:31

is also why you can die if

27:33

you, let's say, put a bag over your head

27:36

to intensify your high. If you're using it

27:38

recreationally, well, we'll talk more about that later,

27:40

right, Yes, before we

27:42

break though, let's mention cars, because

27:45

anyone who has ever seen fasts

27:49

and furious is or is

27:51

this Sammy Hagar solo fan, I

27:53

can't drive, that's right? Does he talked

27:56

about nitros No, but it's just assumed

27:59

that there's nitrous and all. Well,

28:01

you've heard. You may have heard or seen on TV

28:03

or movies about using nitrous in

28:05

your car, like you have that little tank, or you

28:07

may see one of those cheesy cars in a

28:09

parking lot with the with the little tank

28:11

in there. And basically what it does

28:13

is cars run burn hotter. Engines

28:16

burn hotter and go faster with more oxygen.

28:18

And if you crank in that nitrous

28:21

oxide, Uh, it's just basically

28:23

going to ramp up the oxygen levels

28:25

going into the engine. Right, with more

28:27

oxygen, more gaskets burned, right, more

28:30

gaskets burned, more horsepowers produced

28:32

because the gases expanding pump those pistons

28:34

even harder than You're too fast and too furious,

28:36

yea for the roads, maybe even doing a

28:38

little tokyo drifting. Have

28:41

you seen those any of them? No? But I

28:43

believe I believe they're

28:45

the most lucrative movie franchise

28:48

in the history of like

28:50

all movies, because they made

28:52

seven of them. Yeah, but like the

28:54

first one made a billion dollars world

28:56

its first week, or the last one, the last

28:59

one made like a billion dollars. It's crazy

29:01

how I saw. I think I saw

29:03

the first one. Yeah, I've never seen any of them.

29:06

But that's about it's just not my bag. No,

29:09

I don't. If you like that kind of thing, that's

29:11

great. I'm not I've never been a car

29:14

guy. Yeah, you know, like I

29:16

like my cars, but I've never been like, oh

29:18

man, look at that sports car. I

29:20

sure would like to drive fast in that. Yeah.

29:23

Well, remember when we hosted or judge

29:25

that Red Bull thing. Oh yeah, I was talking

29:28

to uh young Jock and

29:30

I was talking to him and he started talking

29:32

about cars, and I'm like, Wow, we don't have anything common,

29:34

do we. Yeah, Josh, and I judged a soapbox

29:37

derby contest sponsor by Red Bull and Young Jock

29:39

at local Atlanta rapper who was super

29:41

cool. He's very nice guy, but he was a car dude.

29:43

And I'm not a car dude. I know you're not a

29:45

car dude either. Like, well, I

29:48

got my pickup truck. Yeah, I'm like, look at those uh

29:51

tires, pretty neat. They

29:53

really make contact with the asphalt,

29:56

don't they. All

29:58

Right, well, let's take a break and go learn more about

30:00

cars, and we'll

30:02

come back and talk about some of the recreational use

30:04

and dangers. But we're done talking about cars, right,

30:07

Yes, And

30:25

by the way if you want to know about cars,

30:27

if you're into that kind of thing and

30:29

you love us, and you're not getting your fixed from

30:31

cars from us, go listen to car stuff.

30:34

You don't, you're definitely not getting your fix about

30:37

cars from us. I can tell you that you can get it

30:39

from car stuff. Ben and Scott have it locked

30:41

down over there. I bet you they've covered nitros.

30:44

I'm sure in the automobile they've covered everything

30:46

all right, so, uh, recreational

30:49

use. Um. It has this medical purposes

30:51

and its food and auto purposes. But

30:54

nitros is very famous for becoming

30:59

um, a big, big

31:02

especially at concerts. That's what they

31:04

call it, hippie crack. In the in the seventies, you started

31:06

being able to buy this stuff like a big

31:08

balloon full of it at like a concert

31:10

festival or let's be honest, at a grateful

31:12

dead show. Right. They're

31:14

also I'll post

31:17

that Rolling Stone um article

31:19

on the podcast page for this really

31:21

interesting. But it's also a

31:24

a what

31:26

is that? Oh it's called second hand embarrassment?

31:29

Like, um, what people getting never watching

31:31

the Jeb Bush campaign? Second hand embarrassment?

31:34

Well, yes, well you never you're embarrassed somebody,

31:37

Yes, exactly. Um, the

31:39

the the you definitely

31:41

get that from reading this because

31:43

the writers very earnestly

31:47

super seventies. Really Yeah,

31:49

like one of the person the people

31:51

who has interviewed as a

31:53

as an expert of sources, the guy

31:55

from High Times. Only

31:57

in the mid seventies did you get away with

32:00

calling up the High Times guy

32:02

and just using him like a regular source.

32:05

You'll see what I'm saying, like it sounds normal. Read

32:07

the article and you'll be like, yeah, this is super

32:10

seventies. Well, in the seventies

32:12

is when it started becoming a big concert

32:15

going activity. Oh wait, I know what it was going to

32:17

solid dorm rooms. In this Rolling Stone

32:19

article, they were saying like if you go

32:21

to like a lot of us said at in Berkeley,

32:23

California, and they were like places all over,

32:26

not just a concerts Um,

32:28

it was everywhere in the seventies

32:31

because a lot of people were like, as it's cool,

32:33

but this stuff like you can just stop and

32:35

five minutes later you're back on your feet. Yeah,

32:38

so it was like a big deal to him. Well, which is one reason

32:41

they call a hippie crack because the

32:43

the highest short lived. Uh,

32:45

and you want to do another one? Uh

32:48

and go listen our crack episode. Should

32:50

we talk about why the Highest short lived?

32:53

Uh? Well, let me finish my thoughts. Sorry

32:56

so um. Earlier in the nineteenth

32:59

and twentieth century, though, like you said, when it was um

33:01

sort of the back room parlor game

33:03

of the high society. It made its

33:06

way into Hollywood and uh

33:08

back in like the days of making High Times

33:10

and movies like or uh not High

33:12

Times the h what was the one Casa

33:15

Blanket? No, the

33:17

famous pop movie I'm totally blanking out on

33:19

the pot movie for madness.

33:22

Uh. There were movies about huffing,

33:24

though. Was Charlie Chaplin was in one in nineteen

33:26

fourteen where he played a dentist.

33:29

Uh, well, someone posing as a dentist

33:31

who would hugh gas? Have you? Have you ever seen

33:33

that chaplain um thing where he does coke

33:35

and jail and ends up like pulling the bars

33:38

apart. It's pretty hilarious

33:40

actually, And there were several uh

33:42

movies early on called Laughing Gas, not

33:44

just one, right, and they weren't

33:47

sequels. There were just multiple movies called Laughing

33:49

Gas. Yeah, I'm sure you could get a decent

33:51

amount of people into a theater to watch people

33:53

doing laughing gas, and then they thought, man,

33:56

I could go for some laughing gas myself.

33:59

All right, so what were you gonna say about? Oh?

34:03

Why the high last such a short period

34:05

of time? So it's constant while you're

34:07

huffing it, right, because you're

34:09

huffing nitrogen gas or nitrogen nitrogen

34:12

oxide gas, and it's displacing oxygen

34:14

I'm sorry, nitrous oxide, guess, And it is

34:16

displacing oxygen. But as long as you're

34:19

huffing in a safe supply of

34:21

oxygen as well, your brain is continuing

34:23

to function. But your opioid receptors

34:26

are also going crazy, and you're dissociative,

34:28

and d m A receptors are going crazy

34:30

too, and so you're high, but you're staying

34:33

alive because you're taking in enough oxygen.

34:35

Right. The thing is,

34:37

your body doesn't metabolize almost

34:40

any of that nitrous oxide.

34:43

Something like point zero zero four percent

34:45

of nitrous oxide is metabolized for

34:47

the most part. You huff it in, it's dissipated

34:49

through your lungs into your bloodstream and

34:52

then brought back out and you exhale

34:54

it, so it resembles almost

34:56

exactly it's same form that it went

34:58

in when it comes out, which means

35:00

that there's no hangover and it's expelled

35:03

from your body through breathing, just normal

35:05

breathing after you take the nitrous away,

35:08

which is why so many people were like, you

35:10

can have crazy visions on this. This is what

35:12

the hippies were saying. You can have crazy visions

35:14

on this, and it takes you to other universes and then

35:17

five minutes later, you're fine. Sign

35:19

me up. Let's call the High Times guy and see

35:21

what he thinks about it. Let's get a quote from him.

35:25

I did find a study though, and um,

35:28

I think it was last year, uh, published

35:31

in Clinical Neurophysiology,

35:33

that they hooked people up to an e G and

35:36

had m huff nitrous They really

35:38

yeah, And the guy there said nitrous oxide

35:41

has control over the brain in ways no other drug

35:43

does. And what they found was, um

35:45

it altered UH basically

35:47

created slow delta waves for up to three

35:50

minutes across the front of the brain every

35:52

ten seconds. I wonder if that's what makes the wallah

35:55

sound, Well, it's it. Basically what they

35:57

found is it lasted for three minutes. After

36:00

you think you're okay, oh yeah, so

36:02

it's still uh still

36:05

doing damage even though you

36:07

think you feel fine for for three minutes, which

36:09

completely surprised them. Oh yeah,

36:11

I could see that especially. I mean, if the effects

36:14

whereof you would think you

36:16

would you you would physiologically

36:18

be back to normal too. That is surprising.

36:21

I found another study UM from

36:24

I'm not sure when that sometimes in the

36:26

last few years, where they

36:29

studied the effects of it on rats

36:32

and found that UM short

36:34

term low concentration exposure

36:36

and low concentration meaning like fifty years like what

36:39

they used medically. UM

36:41

would like the effects of

36:43

it on the brain neural cells

36:45

is reversible. But it

36:48

is very true. And this is why everybody hears

36:50

about nitrous oxide is that when

36:52

you huff you it kills

36:54

brain cells. That's absolutely true.

36:56

It create It creates apoptosis, which

36:58

is pre programmed cellular death,

37:01

and your neurons. It causes your brain cells

37:03

to die because of a lack of oxygen. Nitrogen

37:06

or nitrous oxide displaces oxygen and

37:08

your brain needs oxygen. And when your brain cells don't

37:10

get oxygen, they die

37:12

and your brain undergoes hypoxy All right, not

37:15

good for you. Plus the fact

37:17

that UM it goes after n d M

37:19

A s uh receptors

37:22

which are responsible for the mile in which is the

37:24

sheath that coats your your

37:26

nerves right, Um,

37:29

that can lead to brain

37:31

damage. That last two the thing is, and

37:33

this is a rat study. It seems like it's

37:36

prolonged exposure or exposure

37:38

of super high concentrations that that

37:40

create irreversible damage. Yeah. They've

37:42

done a lot more studying about it in the

37:45

UK than here because up until this year

37:47

it was legal. Oh they allowed it. Yeah,

37:49

well so I guess the results of the study

37:51

weren't promising. Uh. Well, I mean

37:54

this was that only what is it now mid

37:56

February. Yeah, it's only like two weeks ago

37:58

that like literally came on the really

38:00

has officially law. Uh. And there were

38:02

big demonstrations in in England, like

38:05

like massive huffing parties

38:07

on the lawn of uh, like

38:09

the I don't know where they decide these things in

38:11

Parliament put Buckingham Palace, say

38:14

Buckingham Ballace because

38:17

they're like this is you know, what are we gonna do at Glastonbury

38:20

Festival every year? Now? Uh?

38:22

And they nice bozz marketing

38:24

by the way, what the Glastonbury Well,

38:27

we're not going to that. I know. I was saying

38:30

nice, okay, Um, well they do

38:32

it a lot there. That's why the festival

38:34

people said it's like a big litter offender

38:38

because I could totally see that canisters and balloons

38:40

are just everywhere, and you know, birds

38:42

pick up the balloons and they tried to fly

38:44

off of the canisters and tear their legs off

38:47

because they're not strong enough to lift them. So

38:49

worldwide it was in two thousand fourteen

38:52

it was the fourteenth most used drug in the

38:54

world. And m really,

38:57

yeah, huh,

38:59

what do you think of higher or lower? I didn't even

39:01

think about it. I think it's that's just that's that just

39:03

totally caught me by surprise. Uh.

39:06

And the Independent said that um,

39:09

the UK's largest drug and alcohol charity

39:11

alistair Boe. They said,

39:14

you know what, we can't credibly deny that, compared to other

39:16

drugs, is relatively low risk. The

39:18

risk from taking it from balloons are quite low. Uh.

39:21

And to back up what you said, he said, where there have been

39:23

stories about deaths, they tend to be from people

39:25

who are using canisters uh in masks.

39:28

Uh. That's when you get into danger. Like that's

39:30

stupid. Let me get out this old World War two

39:32

gas masks, or let me put a bag over

39:35

my head, or let me get in a car. Uh,

39:37

and then you're not getting that mix of oxygen and

39:39

then you die. First of all, kids, if you

39:41

are putting a plastic bag over

39:43

your head for any reason, don't you're

39:45

a dummy. That's a dumb thing to

39:47

do. Well, yeah, you're you're

39:51

you're reaching, you're going down the wrong path in life.

39:54

That's a great way to put it, because

39:57

I don't want some kids to be like, oh, I'm a dummy and that's

39:59

why I do these things. You know,

40:01

that's self defeating. Come on, come on, son.

40:04

But there have been plenty of plenty

40:06

of incidences of death. Um.

40:08

Joseph Bennett, a seventeen year old from North London,

40:11

died in two thousand twelve after

40:13

falling into a coma, and then just this

40:15

year that twenty one year old student

40:18

was found dead um in his room

40:20

with two hundred spent cartridges. Oh

40:23

well, just chasing that high it's the problem.

40:26

Yes, I mean, you shouldn't try it at all, but

40:29

you're you're gonna die when you have

40:32

those high, high, high concentrations. Yeah,

40:34

that's the I mean, that's the problem. With

40:36

nitris. I mean, like, if you're being administered

40:39

nitrous, even in a medical setting, you

40:41

can have a bad reaction to it, and

40:43

it turns out your allergic to nitris and your debt

40:46

or you're in if you are

40:48

in, right, But if you even if

40:50

you're in a medical setting, you're you're

40:53

you're flirting with death. You're right there on

40:55

on the edge of death. And if you're doing outside

40:57

of a medical setting, your likelihood of

40:59

dying or or suffering some sort of horrible

41:02

adverse reaction to it is even

41:04

more through the roof, right, especially

41:06

if you're taking hits straight out of a tank and

41:08

you're not taking breaths of clean air

41:10

in between. Yes,

41:12

you you very likely could die. And

41:15

it's not just um hypoxia

41:17

that that gets you or asphyxiation.

41:20

You can also die from passing out and

41:22

hitting your head. Yeah. Or I saw

41:24

this one sad case. I think it was

41:27

in the United States. This lady's

41:29

son, like you know, wandered

41:32

out into traffic and got hit by a car from

41:34

nitrous. Yeah, because he did nitros

41:36

and was just like so spaced out, he just

41:38

kind of walked out into traffic. Um,

41:41

because you're not you know, you're not aware of what's going on

41:43

at the time and chasing

41:45

that high like I was talking about, Uh,

41:48

it would feel so good, You're like, but it's so

41:50

fast, Like, well, how can I prolong

41:52

that experience? I'll just stop breathing regular

41:55

air in between. What a waste? Yeah,

41:57

it's just it's not smart.

41:59

No, it doesn't know. Um,

42:01

I think we got that across anyway. I think so

42:04

you know who doesn't do nitrous no?

42:06

How no way? Scientologists?

42:10

Uh why? L Ron Hubbard hated

42:13

nitrous oxide so much so

42:15

that he stopped going to the dentist. He had famously

42:17

terrible um teeth,

42:21

and he didn't go to the dentist, and he in

42:24

eight he did go to the dentist to

42:26

have some work done, and they put him under with

42:28

some nitris and he had a near death

42:30

experience and came back and he wrote

42:32

a manuscript called ex Caliber,

42:34

and it's unpublished, and in ex

42:37

Caliber, l Ron Hubbard claimed that anyone

42:39

who read it either went insane committed

42:41

suicide. I remember reading about that, and and all

42:44

of this knowledge was given to him

42:46

from his nitrous oxide experience. So he determined

42:48

that nitrous oxide is very bad it's a hypnotic,

42:50

it makes you too suggestible, and

42:53

um, you should avoid at all costs.

42:55

Interesting. Yeah, he writes about it in Dianetics,

42:58

saying it's it's bad jam. He's the only person

43:00

ever do it and not say this is great. You

43:02

had a bad time on it. Well, let's

43:04

talk about childbirth unless

43:07

you have anything else. So

43:10

in Canada, in Finland,

43:13

Australia, in the United Kingdom,

43:16

traditionally women have used this and

43:19

still do today during childbirth up

43:21

to six in the UK and about and

43:24

those other countries, but it's

43:26

not in the US. In two thousand eleven, less

43:28

than one percent of hospitals even offered

43:31

it. I've never heard

43:33

of that in the U. S. Well, that's all changing now.

43:35

Um, basically the medical

43:38

establishment is basically saying there's

43:40

really no good reason not to. It's just

43:42

sort of stubbornness in our history

43:44

and being fixed in our ways um

43:47

of offering the epidural and and other kinds

43:49

of drugs during childbirth. So

43:51

it's there's been a big push lately to have it as an

43:53

option at least for women. Um,

43:56

labor machines are only fifty fifty. You can't

43:58

even alter the setting to go any higher

44:00

than that. Uh. And it's self administered,

44:03

Like the woman has the mask and

44:06

she breathes it when she feels like she needs it, and

44:09

at any point she can be like nope, I

44:11

want the epidural. Um.

44:14

The thing is so epidurals can be really expensive.

44:17

Um nitris is super cheap. It is super

44:19

cheap. And again it's as effective as ten

44:21

to fifteen milligrams of morphine

44:24

for taking care of pain. So they're basically

44:26

saying women should have the option at least if

44:29

they want to try it out. Uh. It's a lot

44:31

cheaper than an epidural. Uh

44:34

safer And they haven't um epidural

44:36

I mean they're narcotics and epidurals say,

44:38

you know, there are a lot of side effects, and they really haven't

44:40

found any side effects with that fifty

44:42

fifty mix under like a controlled

44:45

supervise setting. Well, the big fear though, is

44:47

that aside from dizziness, the kid is

44:49

going to absorb some of this and there's going to be

44:51

neural cell death in

44:54

the baby as it's delivered.

44:56

Is that has that been proven wrong? They don't

44:58

think there is any danger to the key aid so

45:00

far, because they said it's filtered through the lungs

45:03

and uh not like the narcotics that

45:05

are filtered through deliver um.

45:07

So they said, so far they haven't found where it hurts

45:09

a baby in any way. Plus to let you

45:11

remember being born. I

45:14

just think the self administration part it is pretty

45:17

interesting. Yeah, you

45:19

know, it makes lets a woman feel more in

45:21

control, supposedly of their own uh

45:24

comfort. Right, So

45:26

I'm all for it. Why not? Well

45:29

yeah, I mean, if it doesn't have any adverse

45:31

effects, why not. It is a pretty

45:33

good question. Are

45:35

you got anything else? I got nothing else. That's nitrous

45:37

socks side and

45:39

two oh Humphrey Davy

45:43

the gas. Uh.

45:45

If you want to know more about nitrous oxide, type those

45:47

words in the search part how stuff works dot com.

45:49

And since I said search parts, time for a listener

45:51

mayo no, Chuck

45:54

no, no, what is it time for? It's time

45:56

for administrative So

46:05

chuck first and foremost. I

46:07

really want to thank John Morgan

46:09

over at Queen Charlotte's Pimano Cheese

46:12

Royal. He has

46:14

hooked us up good,

46:16

good stuff, wonderful

46:18

stuff. The men cheese like the best

46:20

pimono cheese you can buy on the planet,

46:22

better than palmetto cheese. I think

46:24

so all right, yeah, yeah it's

46:27

good and there's like some yeah

46:29

it's really good. Good try that stuff. Queen Charlotte's

46:31

Permono Cheese Royale. Alright. We received

46:33

Christmas cards from the Kavanaughs, the

46:36

Lees, the

46:38

Loses and you know Hillary

46:41

and Mike who were talking to They hook us up

46:43

with the cheese. Yeah with a flathead

46:45

lake, flathead lake or just flathead cheese.

46:48

I think flathead lake. I think it is too. It's

46:50

delicious. Hillary, You're the best. Yeah, thank

46:52

you. And the Nelson's so

46:54

thank you for those Christmas cards. Um,

46:57

Mike over at Shaker

46:59

and Spoon and the rest of the gang. I thank them

47:01

before for sending the box. Um

47:05

go check out Shaker and Spoon. It's awesome, great gift

47:07

for yourself for somebody else where.

47:09

They send you all the ingredients you need to make

47:12

cocktails voting recipes. You

47:14

just add booze and wow

47:16

are your friends? And what better time

47:18

to go off the page and thank Crown

47:21

Royal When we off handedly

47:23

mentioned that the Crown Royals uh

47:25

Rye Whiskey won the whiskey the year

47:28

and I was like, man, I'd love to try that they

47:30

sent us. Some someone heard it and they sent

47:32

us six bottles of boots. Nice

47:35

guy, did you try not yet?

47:38

I guess you just found it today in the office. So

47:40

there you tried it. That'd be we

47:43

should we should mention Crown Royal

47:45

basically every time every episode.

47:48

So Crown Royal. Ashley

47:50

Miller, thank you for the wonderful Lego candy that

47:52

you gave us in San Francisco. Yes, thank you for

47:54

that. Um, and I think in

47:56

Los Angeles to remember, she just follows

47:58

us around with Lego candy at least in California

48:01

now, Um. Lucy Brooks sent us a nice

48:03

letter. Good luck with the rest of the Granny list.

48:05

Lucy, thank you, congratulations

48:08

the best of luck to Allison and Chuck for

48:10

their wedding in Cleveland. Yes, Um,

48:12

Connor and Beatriz Marinan

48:15

send us our beautiful wine cork grief

48:17

Chuck, thanks, Yes,

48:20

loves that too. She won't set it down. Good luck

48:22

with your alcoholism, right, I'm

48:25

just kidding. Thanks to Eric Young

48:27

from Squamish BC for the

48:29

typewritten letter. Eric has a site called

48:32

Pigeons and Inc. Dot

48:35

Com, where he offers the service of

48:37

writing typewritten letters. On others

48:39

behalf Yeah, and he uses a Squarespace

48:42

site. Pretty awesome. How about that. Kelly

48:45

from the Elephants Trunk send us some awesome

48:47

toys. Thank you very much for those, Kelly.

48:50

Thank you to em from Melbourne, Australia

48:52

via Knoxville, Tennessee for the homemade

48:54

sour dough hot Cross bun. Yes,

48:57

that was good. Um. And

49:00

in Elizabeth Henry send us a signed

49:02

copy of Who Killed Mr? Moonlight by the

49:04

One and Only David J of Bauhaus

49:07

And I made a joke about ba House and

49:09

um, Elizabeth Henry said, Oh, David

49:12

J is my boyfriend's dad. I'll get him to

49:14

sign a copy of his autobiography

49:16

and mail it to the guys. Who was he in Bouhouse?

49:18

He played bass? Wow? Yeah he

49:20

also had a good solo career too. Yeah. Yeah.

49:23

Shan Erskine, thank you for the stuff you should

49:25

know bottle cap logo art. That was great.

49:28

Yes. Um. Jeremy and

49:30

Irene Kemia k

49:32

A m I y A send

49:34

us glass on teak which is amazing.

49:36

Chuck. Let me just describe us. They

49:38

basically take an awesome piece of teak driftwood

49:42

and then blow a

49:44

glass bowl so that it molds

49:46

on the bottom to that specific piece

49:48

of teak. And then, buddy, you've

49:50

got yourself a beautiful place to house a goldfish

49:53

put used for hurricane, lamp for candle.

49:56

Keep your keys in there, maybe

49:58

hold those uh ellie bean counting

50:00

contests with who knows Sky's limit.

50:03

But it's awesome and attractive and it looks really

50:05

really cool and mid century modern, so good.

50:07

Check out K A M I y A

50:10

CEO dot com. Dorrian

50:12

Wilson, owner of Revival Ltd.

50:15

They make cool shirts and the proceeds of those shirts

50:17

go to people in Brazil displaced

50:20

by the World Cup. Is that right?

50:23

Oh? Yeah? Wow? Uh

50:26

and you can find that information at Revival

50:28

Global dot com. Yes. Um,

50:30

Johnny Wood who works for Yakima,

50:33

the outfitter, the

50:36

biking outfitter.

50:39

Do you know what I'm talking about? Yeah, Yakima. Yeah,

50:41

and they like pike racks, thank you.

50:43

Yeah, he sent us some swag. Yeah,

50:45

I got a tuk that I wear. Yeah, and he travels

50:48

around selling Yakima stuff, which

50:50

probably sells itself, you know what I mean? And

50:53

uh, he listens to us on the road. So thanks a lot, Johnny.

50:55

This is one of my favorites of recent memory. Robbie

50:58

Zupta. He made the bullet

51:01

pins man, and he sent tho so

51:03

long ago and it's so it's

51:05

we we've just been lax, so thank you for

51:08

those. It's really neat. He has a series called the He's

51:10

an artist called the Mightier Than series,

51:12

as in pin as mightier than the Sword, and

51:14

he takes like bullet casings and makes these

51:17

fountain pins from bullet

51:19

casings. It's really neat. Makes a statement

51:22

in school looking Yeah. Um,

51:24

we got a nice letter from Jenny Cochrane.

51:27

That's that. We want to thank Matt for

51:29

the handmade hinge game h E

51:31

n g e is in stone inch Um.

51:33

And Lorie Gesh for the copy

51:36

of her kid's book Copper Light

51:38

Colon, a really crappy story,

51:41

and she sent us some real copper lights,

51:43

which is fossilized poop. Oh.

51:46

That's right, I remember seeing that. I have a piece

51:48

of tuck to my cheek right now. Thanks

51:50

to our buddy Gary for the homemade cookies. Uh.

51:53

And then Beth View Manic Lopez

51:55

sent us a copy of Unbound colin

51:57

How eight Technologies made us human, insformed

52:00

society, and brought the world to the Brink

52:02

by Richard L. Courier. Thank you very

52:04

much for that hard copy. No less Uh.

52:07

In my final one, I had a bunch of people send

52:10

very lovely gifts for Ruby. Oh

52:13

yeah, my baby when we got her,

52:15

and um, I'm not going to

52:17

read off all of their names, but you know

52:20

who you are, and it was very very nice.

52:22

You know you are they Uh,

52:25

I've got the last one all right, uh, which

52:27

seems chumpy following

52:29

that heartfelt thing. But thanks a lots

52:32

to Brett Goods first sending us pork Cloud

52:34

stuff port Cloud pork

52:36

grind, chips, soap and

52:38

pork dust. If you're like, I'm

52:40

not too big on bread crumbs, I'd rather

52:42

than be porky. Port Cloud

52:45

has you covered. I think that was decidedly

52:47

non chumpy. Thank you nice,

52:50

Thank you Brett Goods. Thanks to all Right, Well we're

52:52

gonna finish up. We have quite a few more and we're gonna

52:54

finish up in the next episode. I think yes,

52:57

and uh. As always, thank you

52:59

to those who send in good

53:02

thoughts and letters and handmade fun

53:04

gifts. Yeah, we're nice. We really appreciate

53:06

it. It's the best. Uh. So

53:09

if you want to get in touch of this. You can tweet to us

53:11

at s y s K podcast. You can join us

53:13

on Facebook dot com slash Stuff you Should Know. You

53:15

can send us an email to Stuff podcast

53:17

at how Stuff Works dot com and has always

53:19

joined us at a home on the web Stuff you Should

53:21

Know dot com.

53:25

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53:28

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