A research workshop organised by HEC, Ecole Polytechnique and ESSEC. Ten years ago Coimbatore Krishnarao Prahalad and Stuart Hart coined the term ‘Base of the Pyramid’ (BOP) which conveys the idea that companies can develop a profitable business by targeting the four billion people living with a few dollars a day in emerging countries.The idea received significant attention both in academia and business. Research has started to tackle the many evaluation issues associated with BOP strategies. This workshop will concentrate on two issues: - Are BOP strategies compatible with sustainable development? How is environmental and social sustainability embedded within BOP business models? - How are BOP ventures on poverty reduction evaluated by NGOs, and international institutions? What benefit may actual BOP strategies take from these evaluations? A keynote presentation was given by Stuart Hart (Cornell University), one of the founders of the BOP concept. Followed by presentations of contributions of Chairs and Institute in each of the inviting institutions working on the BOP topic. The workshop was held in Februray 2011, and organised by Frédéric Dalsace (HEC), Jean-Pierre Ponssard (Ecole Polytechnique), Thierry Sibieude (ESSEC)