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at linkedin.com. This is an

2:03

apostrophe

2:07

podcast

2:10

production. We're

2:13

going to

2:16

show you

2:19

our big

2:22

news to

2:25

the baker.

2:28

Over the

2:31

centuries, the

2:33

game of

2:36

chess has

2:38

been banned

2:40

over and

2:43

over again.

2:45

You're under

2:49

the influence

2:53

of Terry O'Reilly.

2:55

There was just

2:57

something about the

2:59

game that authorities

3:01

didn't like. The first known bans

3:03

on chess date back to the

3:05

Islamic world. In the 8th and

3:08

9th centuries, chess was forbidden in

3:10

Persia. While the game was gaining

3:12

popularity, Egypt issued a decree

3:14

banning the game in the

3:16

year 1005. chess was considered

3:19

a form of gambling which

3:21

was forbidden under Islamic law.

3:23

Chess sets were burned and those

3:26

found playing. or even owning a

3:28

chess set, were beaten or

3:31

imprisoned. A few decades after

3:33

that, chess was banned in

3:35

Japan. In medieval Europe,

3:37

the Catholic Church forbid

3:40

its clergy members from

3:42

playing chess. Chess was

3:44

banned by the Eastern Orthodox

3:46

Church in Russia in 1093.

3:49

In the late 12th century,

3:51

the King of Poland banned

3:53

the game. In the year

3:55

1254, a bishop in

3:58

Paris excommunicated priests and

4:00

forbid monks from playing the

4:02

game, saying it distracted them

4:05

from their religious duties. Francis

4:07

King Louis IX then extended

4:10

the chess ban to the

4:12

general public, saying chess was

4:15

useless and boring, and that

4:17

it encouraged gambling. In 1291,

4:20

the Archbishop of Canterbury banned

4:22

chess in his congregation, threatening

4:25

to put people on a

4:27

diet of bread and water

4:29

until they desisted from playing.

4:32

In 1463, under the reign

4:34

of Edward IV, chess was

4:37

banned in England, citing moral

4:39

sins. And if you think

4:42

chess bands all happened in

4:44

bygone centuries, think again. In

4:47

the 1940s, the Nazis banned

4:49

Jews from playing chess. chess

4:52

was banned in China during

4:54

the Cultural Revolution between 1966.

4:57

The police find street players

4:59

there and searched houses for

5:02

chess sets to burn in

5:04

public squares. Iran banned chess

5:07

after the 1979 Islamic Revolution,

5:09

arguing that it encouraged gambling

5:12

and inattention to the daily

5:14

ritual of five prayers. The

5:16

Taliban banned chess in the

5:19

year 2001, stating the game

5:21

made people miss their daily

5:24

prayers and encouraged wagering. Saudi

5:26

Arabia banned chess in 2016,

5:29

saying the game was a

5:31

time waster. As you can

5:34

gather chess was forbidden on

5:36

moral grounds in most countries.

5:39

That chess took people away

5:41

from their religious duties and

5:44

encouraged betting. But that probably

5:46

wasn't the reason at all.

5:49

Chess teaches strategic thinking and

5:51

planning. Skills that could be

5:54

used to challenge authority. And

5:56

any game that promotes critical

5:59

thinking was a threat to

6:01

kings dictating. dictators, wannabe dictators,

6:03

and religious authorities.

6:06

Chess wasn't forbidden

6:08

for fear of weakening

6:10

morality. It was

6:13

banned for fear of

6:15

rebellion. There are things

6:17

in the world of

6:19

marketing that are forbidden.

6:21

It's illegal to use

6:24

certain sounds for

6:26

example. In some countries,

6:29

there are rules around

6:31

using national anthems in

6:34

commercials. And even Winnie

6:36

the Pooh is forbidden

6:39

in one country because

6:41

it apparently makes

6:44

fun of their leader.

6:46

It all comes down

6:48

to forbidden branding. When

6:58

the Cold War began in

7:01

the 1950s, people feared that

7:03

Russia would fire world-ending nuclear

7:05

bombs at North America. So

7:07

governments devised a radio

7:09

system to alert the

7:11

entire country to a pending

7:14

disaster, man-made or natural. In

7:16

1951, the control of

7:19

electromagnetic radiation system was

7:21

implemented in the US.

7:23

It allowed air defense control

7:25

centers to transmit a message

7:27

to key radio stations around

7:30

the country via special telephone

7:32

lines. These American radio stations

7:35

would alert smaller radio

7:37

stations who would then

7:39

begin broadcasting the civil

7:41

defense messaging to the

7:43

public. Interestingly, when the alert

7:45

was sounded, all stations would

7:48

then change their frequency

7:50

to 640 AM or 1240 AM. This was

7:52

done for two reasons. First, so

7:54

listeners could find the messages

7:56

quickly. And second, those specific

7:59

frequent... supposedly made

8:01

it difficult for enemy

8:03

bombers to detect the

8:05

source and use the

8:08

radio stations as bombing targets.

8:10

If you have an old

8:12

radio kicking around, maybe

8:15

between 1953 and 1963,

8:17

look at the tuning dial. You

8:19

may see two small triangle

8:22

logos beside the 640 and

8:24

1240 AM tuning marks. They

8:26

were there to help the

8:28

public quickly find the emergency

8:31

frequencies. Beginning in

8:33

53, even car radios had

8:35

these markings on their radio

8:38

dials. This system was a

8:40

bit unwieldly, so in 1963,

8:42

it was replaced with the

8:45

Emergency Broadcast System, now

8:47

known as the Emergency

8:49

Alert System, or EAS. When

8:51

a national emergency happens, a

8:54

tone is sent to

8:56

a network of radio

8:58

and TV stations, followed

9:00

by a message. And all

9:02

radio and TV broadcasters

9:05

are legally bound to pick it

9:07

up. There is a separate

9:09

but related tone for mobile

9:12

phones. The tone is made up of

9:14

two simultaneous notes.

9:16

One is 853hertz, and

9:18

the other is 960hertz.

9:20

Together, they make up the

9:23

jarring emergency tone we have all

9:25

come to recognize. I would broadcast

9:27

that tone right now to remind

9:30

you what it sounds like, except

9:32

for one thing. It's illegal

9:34

to do so. But that didn't stop

9:37

Fox-NFL Sunday from using the

9:39

EAS tone in a commercial

9:42

recently. Back

9:50

in November of 2021 Fox

9:52

aired a comedic commercial using

9:54

three seconds of the EAS

9:56

tone. It was an ad for

9:58

an upcoming game. aired as

10:00

part of the Fox Sunday

10:02

pre-game show. The commercial reached 15

10:05

million people. The FCC

10:07

was not amused and fined

10:09

$ 504,000 for using the

10:11

emergency tone. The FCC said

10:13

the fact it was a comedic

10:16

commercial did not alter

10:18

or neutralize its overall

10:20

effect of falsely warning

10:22

listeners and viewers of

10:25

a non-existent emergency. as the

10:27

EAS tones were clearly

10:29

audible and appropriated for

10:32

a non-emergency use.

10:34

$ 504,000 fine was for

10:37

the willful violation of the

10:39

rules. There is a reason

10:41

why it is forbidden to

10:43

use the EAS tone in

10:46

commercials or for any

10:48

non-emergency situations. It is

10:51

not just the fact that

10:53

it scares people in the

10:55

moment. The use of the sound

10:58

is prohibited to prevent people

11:00

from becoming desensitized to something

11:03

they should only hear in

11:05

the most urgent and dire

11:07

circumstances. The FCC has

11:10

repeatedly made the rules clear.

11:12

And you would think Fox would

11:15

have taken note back in 2019,

11:17

when the Jimmy Kimmel show

11:19

was fined $395,000 for using the

11:21

EAS tone in Kimmel's monologue. Back

11:26

in 2019, the Trump administration

11:28

sent out a test message

11:30

of a new emergency alert

11:33

system that would allow the

11:35

president to text Americans directly

11:37

in specific circumstances. And because

11:39

Trump was constantly tweeting,

11:42

Kimmel decided to poke fun at

11:44

the president and this new system

11:46

and used the EAS tone during his

11:49

monologue. As a result,

11:51

the FCC fined Kimmel's network

11:53

ABC a total of $395,000.

11:55

But Kimmel wasn't the only

11:58

one using the toll. in

12:00

2019. The AMC network, which

12:02

aired The Walking Dead, was

12:05

fined $104,000 when a season

12:07

9 episode used the emergency

12:09

tone twice. And the Discovery

12:12

Channel was fined $68,000 for

12:14

using the tone in an

12:17

episode of Animal Planet's Lone

12:19

Star Law series. Now, you

12:21

would think that all these

12:24

shows would have taken note

12:26

back in 2014 when three

12:29

other networks were heavily fine

12:31

when they ran commercials for

12:33

the movie Olympus has fallen.

12:36

Apparently, the commercial for the

12:38

movie Olympus has fallen showed

12:41

the White House blowing up.

12:43

It flashed the words, this

12:45

is not a test and

12:48

used the EAS tone. According

12:50

to the reports from the

12:53

FCC, the commercial made people

12:55

panic, created some chaos. and

12:57

even had people jumping out

13:00

of bathtubs to race to

13:02

their TV screens. The FCC

13:05

fine via Com, Comcast, and

13:07

Disney a total of $1.9

13:09

million for willfully and repeatedly

13:12

violating federal law. All told,

13:14

the offending commercial ran 159

13:17

times before the fine was

13:19

levied. None of these three

13:21

networks created the commercial. they

13:24

were fined for airing the

13:26

commercial. You would think the

13:29

movie studio and the networks

13:31

would have taken note a

13:33

year earlier when TBS was

13:36

fined for using the EAS

13:38

tone in a commercial for

13:41

Conan O'Brien's show. The

13:45

Turner Broadcasting System, or

13:47

TBS, was fined once

13:49

in 2013, then again

13:51

in January 2014 for

13:53

using the emergency tone.

13:55

The first violation was

13:57

for a promo for

13:59

the Conan O'Brien show.

14:02

While TBS maintained the

14:04

emergency tone used in

14:06

the ad wasn't the

14:08

actual EAS tone, the

14:10

FCC concluded that simulating

14:12

the EAS tone was

14:14

also a violation. The

14:16

FCC fined TBS $25,000

14:18

because the promo had

14:20

reached 99 million households.

14:22

The second fine was

14:24

for a Best Buy

14:26

commercial that used the

14:28

emergency tone. The FCC

14:30

fined TBS $200,000 for

14:32

airing the ad. When

14:34

we come back, we

14:36

look at Canada's emergency

14:38

alert system. Welcome

14:42

friends to the Playful Scratch from the

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California Lottery. We've got a special guest

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today, The Scratchers Scratch Master himself, Juan.

14:49

Juan, you've mastered seven hundred and thirteen

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playful ways to scratch. Impressive! How'd you

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do it? Well, I began with a

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here. See? See? Well there you have

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it. Scratchers are fun, no matter how

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you scratch, no matter how you scratch,

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how you scratch player claim. Interesting

16:28

to note that Canada's emergency

16:30

alert system is owned by

16:32

a private company. The Ontario-based

16:34

company Palmer X owns Canada's

16:36

Alert-ready software and operates it

16:38

on behalf of the federal

16:41

government. An independent advisor to

16:43

governments on the design and

16:45

delivery of public warning systems

16:47

issued a concern in 2022.

16:49

According to a news report

16:51

on CBC, The advisor said

16:53

that because the alert-ready system

16:55

is owned by a private

16:58

company and not the government,

17:00

it gave that private company

17:02

a lot of power, because

17:04

Palmer X can choose how

17:06

they want to handle the

17:08

alerts as well as when

17:10

to do or not do

17:12

any upgrades to the system.

17:14

And because Palmer X is

17:17

profit-driven, it could say no

17:19

to upgrades if it negatively

17:21

affected their bottom line. The

17:24

advisor also said it was

17:26

very odd for Canada to

17:29

put a private supplier in

17:31

charge of something as important

17:33

as an emergency warning system.

17:35

Canada's alerts, according to commission

17:38

documents, are now distributed simultaneously

17:40

via television, radio, the weather

17:42

network app, and LTE devices

17:44

such as smartphones, but only

17:47

on 4G networks at the

17:49

time. The advisor noted that

17:51

this was a significant problem

17:53

because many older phones couldn't

17:55

access for G. He said

17:58

the alerts should be available

18:00

to 95% of the... population,

18:02

but Canada fell far short

18:04

of that mark. When the

18:07

first alert-ready tests were done

18:09

in 2018, only 35% of

18:11

cell phones received them. Palmerex,

18:13

a cable TV company based

18:15

in Oakville, Ontario, is best

18:18

known for running the weather

18:20

network. Years ago, the company

18:22

built the National Alert Aggregation

18:24

and Dissemination System out of

18:27

its own corporate budget. It

18:29

continues to staff fund and

18:31

own it. Originally, the CRTC's

18:33

decision to let Palmorex build

18:36

and own the system was

18:38

approved as a cost-saving measure.

18:40

Palmerx would absorb the infrastructure

18:42

cost and in return, the

18:44

CRTC would compensate Palmerx by

18:47

making the weather network a

18:49

must-carry license, meaning all cable

18:51

TV subscribers in Canada would

18:53

have to pay for the

18:56

weather network. The revenue boost

18:58

would therefore offset the costs

19:00

of the alert system. On

19:02

the Palmer X website, it

19:04

says the company has issued

19:07

over 70,000 geo-targeted alerts and

19:09

warnings per year for the

19:11

past decade. Here in Canada,

19:13

as in the states, any

19:16

companies using the forbidden alert

19:18

tone will be heavily fined.

19:27

Every country has a national anthem.

19:29

But is it legal or forbidden

19:32

to use the national anthem in

19:34

commercials? Well, that depends on what

19:36

country you live in. In Canada,

19:39

there doesn't seem to be any

19:41

regulations about using the anthem for

19:43

commercial purposes. But there is a

19:46

written etiquette. To begin with, there

19:48

is no specific rule as to

19:50

when it is appropriate to sing

19:53

the national anthem at an event.

19:55

And it is up to the

19:57

organizers to determine if the anthem

20:00

will be... instrumental or sung version.

20:02

It is up to the organizers

20:04

if the anthem is played at

20:07

the beginning or at the end

20:09

of an event. etiquette says if

20:11

two anthems are to be played

20:13

on Canadian soil then O Canada

20:16

should be played first but

20:18

that doesn't seem to always be

20:21

the case in sports. When anthems

20:23

are played at the end of

20:25

an event O Canada should be

20:28

played last. As a matter of

20:30

respect, people should stand

20:32

during the anthem. Hats do

20:34

not have to be

20:36

taken off, and interestingly,

20:38

the Canadian Heritage Services

20:40

website says audiences should

20:43

not applaud after the

20:45

playing of the anthem. Again,

20:47

these are etiquette guidelines, not

20:49

rules. And there is no

20:51

copyright on O Canada. While

20:53

Canada seems to be more relaxed

20:56

on the use of the anthem,

20:58

The same is not true in

21:00

other countries. A BMW dealership in

21:02

the capital of the United Arab

21:05

Emirates had to pull a television

21:07

commercial off the air in 2016.

21:09

Abu Dhabi Motors had aired a

21:11

commercial showing players from a local

21:14

soccer team singing the national anthem

21:16

at the start of the game,

21:18

but breaking off halfway through

21:21

and rushing out of the

21:23

stadium to jump into some

21:25

BMWs. Locals there immediately protested

21:27

the use of the national

21:29

anthem in the ad. An

21:32

Arabic language hashtag saying stop

21:34

BMW ads began trending

21:36

on Twitter as soon

21:38

as the first ad

21:40

aired and was retweeted

21:42

over 700 times. People

21:44

said the commercial was

21:47

shameful and unacceptable.

21:49

The owner of the team suspended

21:51

its executive board and replaced

21:53

it with a temporary committee

21:56

The owner himself tweeted quote

21:58

national symbols are integral

22:00

part of our collective identity.

22:03

And with our national anthem,

22:05

we preserve our values and

22:07

protect our homeland. In Australia,

22:10

it appears that commercial companies

22:12

can use the national anthem,

22:14

but the Commonwealth owns the

22:16

copyright to the music and

22:19

words. Therefore, a company has

22:21

to seek permission to use

22:23

the Australian national anthem for

22:25

commercial purposes. Permission is granted

22:28

at the discretion of the

22:30

Prime Minister's office and cabinet

22:32

and is subject to the

22:35

following conditions. One, the tune

22:37

and words must not be

22:39

modified, parodied or demeaned, and

22:41

two, alternative words cannot be

22:44

substituted for the words of

22:46

the national anthem. Otherwise, commercial

22:48

use of the Australian anthem

22:51

is forbidden. In

22:58

2022 Amnesty International created

23:01

a commercial protesting the

23:03

overturning of Roe v.

23:05

Wade. The title of

23:08

the ad was Land

23:10

of the Unfree. Oh,

23:12

say, can you see?

23:15

As the commercial begins,

23:17

we hear a rendition

23:19

of the star-spangled banner.

23:21

Type on the screen

23:24

says, Land of the

23:26

Free. But as

23:28

the anthem begins, the

23:31

word free disappears. The

23:33

commercial shows four different

23:36

young women from different

23:38

circumstances. The moment they

23:41

find out they are

23:43

pregnant. Scenes of emotional

23:46

distress and powerlessness unfold

23:48

as the national anthem

23:51

continues. Then, just as

23:53

the star-spangled banner is

23:56

about... We hear this.

24:00

In the sudden silence, words

24:02

on the screen say, you're

24:04

not free when you can't

24:06

decide your own future. The

24:08

video was released one hour

24:11

after the Roe v. Wade

24:13

verdict was announced. It also

24:15

asked people to sign a

24:17

petition protecting the right to

24:19

a safe abortion in the

24:22

US. Amnesty International said the

24:24

strategic use of the national

24:26

anthem was the core of

24:28

the idea. as the US

24:30

is known as the land

24:33

of the free, yet the

24:35

freedom to choose was taken

24:37

away from women in so

24:39

many states. The ad received

24:41

3.3 million views in the

24:44

first 48 hours and ran

24:46

in 10 different countries. When

24:48

we come back, why Winnie

24:50

the Pooh is banned in

24:52

China. Your

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Blue nile.com. At

28:00

first authorities tried to erase

28:02

the images online, then moved

28:04

to ban them. A photo

28:06

of Xi Jin Ping popping

28:09

his head out of the

28:11

roof of his limousine to

28:13

inspect his troops, then triggered

28:15

an online photo of a

28:17

toy whiny sticking his head

28:19

out of a tiny car.

28:22

It became China's most censored

28:24

photo of the year. According

28:26

to reports, pretty much everyone

28:29

in China uses the Wii

28:31

Chat app, so Chinese authorities

28:33

can punch certain words or

28:36

phrases into a blocking mechanism

28:38

and shut down discussions of

28:40

any given topic. China's ruling

28:43

Communist Party is highly sensitive

28:45

to comical depictions of its

28:47

leader, and they don't want

28:50

a slow-witted bear to become

28:52

an online euphemism for China's

28:54

president. While We Chat is

28:57

privately owned, China's tech giants

28:59

must tow the party line

29:01

there. And any online references

29:04

to Little Bear Winnie, Poo's

29:06

Chinese name, now turns up

29:08

error messages saying the user

29:11

cannot proceed because this content

29:13

is illegal. In 2018, China

29:15

banned the movie and movie

29:18

trailers for Christopher Robin. the

29:20

latest film adaptation of A.A.

29:22

Milne's Winnie the Pooh story.

29:25

Again, the image of Winnie

29:27

the Pooh has become a

29:29

symbol of resistance in China,

29:32

and authorities not only object

29:34

to online images of Pooh

29:36

being compared to Xi Jin

29:39

Ping, they weren't thrilled with

29:41

a long-form film of the

29:43

bear with very little brain.

29:46

In 2023, a gory microbudget

29:48

horror film titled Winnie the

29:50

Pooh Blood and Honey was

29:53

also banned. In the British

29:55

movie, Poo is a murderous

29:57

psychopath, and the film has

30:00

become something of an internet

30:02

sensation. exceeding all expectations at

30:04

the box office. But Chinese

30:07

authorities have forbidden it, as

30:09

the crop-top wearing pantless bear

30:11

is seen to undermine the

30:14

president, and he doesn't like

30:16

it. Although Taiwan's government has

30:18

happily allowed all Winnie the

30:21

Poof films to be screened

30:23

nationwide, saying, make no mistake,

30:25

all bears are created equal

30:28

in Taiwan. It's

30:36

interesting that so many companies

30:38

have been fined for using

30:41

the EAS tone in their

30:43

commercials and programming. And there

30:45

are many more than just

30:47

the ones I mentioned today.

30:49

Clearly, the fines aren't big

30:52

enough. A $500,000 fine to

30:54

a giant television network is

30:56

a rounding error. And smaller

30:58

fines are even more forgettable.

31:00

But the FCC has a

31:03

right to worry about alert

31:05

fatigue. If the public gets

31:07

too used to hearing the

31:09

emergency tone, it just might

31:11

ignore it when an urgent

31:14

situation occurs. It does seem

31:16

odd that Canada's alert system

31:18

is owned by a private

31:20

company for all the reasons

31:22

stated in the Advisor's report.

31:25

Other countries like Australia and

31:27

the US have government-run alert

31:29

systems. National anthems are kind

31:31

of sacred. So it's surprising

31:33

that there are so few

31:36

guardrails around the commercial use

31:38

of them in so many

31:40

countries. Also interesting that dictators

31:42

and authoritarian leaders are so

31:44

sensitive about their images. It

31:47

might also explain why chess

31:49

was forbidden throughout history. It

31:51

leads to too much critical

31:53

thinking. When you're under the

31:55

influence. I'm Terry O'Reilly. This

32:07

episode was recorded in

32:10

the Terstream Mobile Recording

32:12

Studio, producer Debbie O'Reilly,

32:14

chief sound engineer Jeff

32:17

Devine, research Patrick James

32:19

Aslam, under the influence theme

32:21

by Casey Pick, Jeremiah Pick,

32:23

and James Atten Gauden.

32:25

Tunes provided by APM

32:27

Music, and let's be social. Follow

32:30

me at Terry O Influence.

32:32

This podcast is powered by

32:34

ACAST. See you next week. Hi,

32:36

this is Naomi from

32:38

Victoria. Oh, Canada wasn't

32:40

officially adopted as Canada's

32:42

national anthem until June

32:44

27th, 1980. Welcome

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