0:02

No one knows whether Russia

0:03

will really invade Ukraine, but after

0:05

years of fighting, I'm ukrainians know where to look

0:07

for Clues and they expect something less

0:10

than a massive invasion. Is

0:11

the west miss calculating the friend. I'm

0:13

Rachel Martin with Steve inskeep. And this is up first

0:15

from NPR news, for

0:19

severe, cases of covid. There are treatments

0:21

to keep people out of hospital. Why is

0:23

the FDA restricting? Some of those drugs?

0:26

I'm shocked that it took them this long and

0:29

the new can determine early release

0:31

for certain prison inmates, but

0:33

there are problems with machine bias of

0:37

black people in the sample

0:39

were classified, as minimum

0:42

level of risk, compared to

0:44

21% of white people

0:46

cannot be fixed. They with us for

0:48

the news. You need to start your day.

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With support comes from my Twenty Two,

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around the globe. Zoom. How

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the world connect.

1:28

When you hear a President Biden, talk about

1:30

Vladimir, Putin's possible action in

1:32

Ukraine. It is clear. Biden

1:34

is planning for the.

1:35

Worse? If we remove and who

1:37

I was forced to be the largest evasion since

1:39

World War Two and it would change the world, U.S.

1:42

warnings are focused on that thread telling

1:44

Russia. That it will face massive sanctions if

1:46

any unit of Russian soldiers to

1:48

cross the Ukrainian border, but modern technology

1:51

offers more than one way to attack a country

1:53

and that leads. Analysts wondering what else

1:56

Russia my do and the analysts

1:58

include people in the Ukrainian.

2:00

It'll get a seemingly menaced by Russian

2:02

troops just across the border.

2:04

And your correspondent, Rob smith's was just

2:06

in tears and he joins us now robbed

2:08

so on this reporting to have you got

2:10

a chance to talk with a former defense official,

2:13

Ah in Ukraine, what did he tell you?

2:15

His. Name is Andrea Jaeger Road, Nuke, and

2:17

he was Defense Minister under President's lenski

2:19

from twain eighteen to twenty kids,

2:21

a civilian background, and he now had to defend strategies

2:24

think. Tank: He does not expect the Russians

2:26

to mount a full scale invasion and

2:28

occupation of Ukraine with the force

2:31

that they have now mast on Ukraine's borders,

2:33

which he estimates at. Around one hundred and

2:35

twenty seven thousand troops here's what he told

2:37

me, Ah, hundred and twenty seven thousand

2:39

is not even close to what you need

2:41

to occupy Ukraine or even. Conflicts, Ukraine, so

2:44

are we need, like at least

2:46

three hundred thousand?

2:47

That's even more potentially.

2:49

when they see they increase of jobs

2:51

We. Don't see this is a moment another things

2:54

like a Rodney, have told me he's not seen yet

2:56

enough Russian mobile hospital units

2:58

and medical personnel near the borders to

3:01

indicate that. A Russian invasion is a minute

3:03

he doesn't think that the Russians will make a move

3:06

until after the Beijing Olympics,

3:08

which and on February twentieth, so

3:10

as not to distract attention. From China's

3:12

moment of glory.

3:14

So I mean, this assassinate, he saying,

3:16

"There just isn't that the Russian presence

3:19

yet to wage a full scale

3:21

invasion, but that's not the only play that

3:23

Russia has here, right?

3:25

Yeah. He lays out a bunch of what he calls

3:27

"likely scenarios" and the first one is something that's

3:29

already happening, Russia so called hybrid warfare,

3:32

these are things like cyber attacks which. We've already seen

3:35

on Ukraine's government they're also efforts

3:37

to weaken or destroyed or distract

3:39

police and military last.

3:41

friday dozens of schools in to have sent

3:43

students home because of because series of bomb threats

3:45

ever suspected to be a russian hybrid attacks

3:48

or he also said it was highly likely that russia would

3:50

escalate tensions in ukraine's eastern

3:52

border where ukrainian troops have been fighting

3:54

russian backed insurgents for a years

3:56

i mean that's been on a long time right

3:58

as a threat isn't iceland

4:00

That is that never visit, I mean, Russia could approach

4:02

from other direction.

4:03

Yeah. He also expects that the Russian navy

4:05

to block Ukraine access to the black and is

4:08

of sees along Ukraine's southern coast,

4:10

which would disrupt important shipping routes

4:12

to and from the. Countries are the Russian

4:14

navy is much bigger than the Ukraine navy

4:16

and it's got a base in Crimea.

4:18

I am here a Berlin course gonna rub Smith's

4:21

he was just in Kiss

4:23

Ukraine on a reporting trips thanks

4:25

so much Rob we appreciate. The good.

4:31

Okay, even have run a virus cases are dropping

4:34

rapidly across the country, a lot

4:36

of hospitals are still under.

4:37

Extreme. Stress because they're caring

4:40

for more covert patients that have any

4:42

other time in the pandemic, remember

4:44

even after cases start to go down, hospitalizations

4:47

will remain high for a while there.

4:49

Are early treatments designed to help

4:51

keep high risk covered patients out of

4:53

hospitals, but the medicines are in short

4:55

supply from our. We've got MPs

4:57

been one with us this morning, I think. Hypixel

5:00

this week, the FDA actually

5:03

restricted the use two

5:05

of the first drugs that were authorized to

5:07

treat covid. Explain

5:09

why they would do that, right?

5:12

So on Monday, the FDA curb,

5:14

the use of two out of three, monoclonal

5:16

antibody treatment of these two

5:18

drugs, made by regeneron and Eli Lilly

5:20

worked. Well earlier in the pandemic, recent

5:23

studies show that they're highly unlikely to work

5:25

against the Omicron Varian and remember

5:28

Omicron, now accounts for around 99%

5:30

of U.S. Erin Fox

5:32

a pharmacy director at University of Utah. Health

5:35

says the FDA is following

5:37

the science.

5:37

Honestly, I'm shocked that it

5:39

took them this long to do it because things

5:42

are bad enough without wasting

5:44

Vape. has health care provider time

5:46

infusing a medicine that it's not going

5:48

to be effective overcome. is

5:51

dominated since christmas but every

5:53

state has continued to get these two feet months

5:55

now the department of health and human services which

5:57

to cbc suggs stop sending them out

6:00

So how has states reacted to that?

6:03

On. Sunset official they're not happy

6:05

the as to his move, prompted Florida's health department

6:08

to shut down all of it's state run and a by

6:10

treatment sites them around U.S. Census

6:12

called. For the by the administration to reversed

6:14

for this isn't as he's the president of

6:16

quote medical authoritarianism, but

6:19

even the makers of the drug acknowledged that they

6:21

don't work well against. own hands now there

6:23

is one antibody drug", laughed called

6:26

the trove, an app that does were cast and were conned

6:28

by it's a very short supply

6:30

each week they're only. About fifty thousand

6:32

doses available for the whole country, so

6:34

that's not nearly enough to go around at

6:37

what about them des severe upping

6:39

the Ft recently expanded, the Sinatra know

6:42

that. spray rem death severe was the first

6:44

antiviral covered try to get ft approval

6:47

back and twenty but at the time

6:49

it was only for very sick patients from patients hospital

6:52

recently the as the brought in that approval

6:54

to include pieces not sick enough to be hospitalized

6:57

after raymond was lab lay at mayo clinic

6:59

in minnesota says recent research shows

7:01

for high risk patients and as severe reduce

7:04

the risk of getting hospitalized by eighty seven

7:06

percent

7:07

It confirms what people, what I

7:09

as an infectious disease provider, have

7:12

assume from the very beginning that for as a lot

7:14

of the work it has to be given fairly.

7:16

reasonably Confidentially, blessings that the evidence

7:19

for him Dastagir came out right as Omer

7:21

crime was coming in and there's plenty

7:23

of the strike available but it's not easy to

7:25

administer a piece. And has to go to a clinic

7:27

and get Ivy infusions over three consecutive

7:30

days which, is a commitment right

7:32

arm right thought we were supposed to be pills that you could take

7:34

it home though It's true. There

7:36

are two pills packs of it from Pfizer

7:38

and Molly. From Mark out

7:41

of those. Two pills doctors are more inclined to

7:43

prescribe packs of it. It works more than twice

7:45

as well as long, a beer and keeping patients

7:47

out of the hospital. But these pills

7:49

are not easy to get either. For the past 2 weeks, five

7:52

hundred. Thousand courses of both sides, went out a

7:54

time when 10 million people tested positive

7:56

call dieffenbach with h

7:58

says the situation. with the. As a starting

8:00

to get that are. So as the of

8:02

across the surge? The way

8:05

and.

8:06

It may and will go down at the same time,

8:08

supplies going.

8:10

He from the drug companies are coming up with new monoclonal

8:12

antibodies which could also be available soon

8:16

or, in mps penguin thank you so much

8:18

we appreciate it The infinity me.

8:25

Thousands of people are leaving federal

8:28

prison this month because of a law called the.

8:30

First Death Act President Trump signed

8:32

as bipartisan measure back in two thousand and

8:34

eighteen and it's designed in part

8:36

to reduce the central prison populations

8:39

leaders of both parties agreed that too many Americans

8:41

are behind bars the. justice

8:43

department's using computers to determine

8:45

who deserves early release but

8:48

it turns out the algorithm appears

8:50

to give biased results treating

8:52

people of different races different Yeah,

8:54

Gary Johnson.

8:55

Has been looking into this and she joined us down. Good

8:57

morning. Carry. Good morning, Rachel. So

8:59

we before we talk about the of

9:01

this supposed to fix this

9:04

problem. Let's talk about the lights

9:06

out. Remind us how this came to be a huge

9:08

bipartisan majority. In Congress pass this

9:10

law about 3 years ago, almost

9:12

4. Now.

9:13

It. was supposed to create a way for people to leave

9:16

prison early. If they work or take

9:18

classes to help, prepare for their release,

9:20

but the key is people in prison

9:22

have to be considered a low or minimum risk

9:24

of a ritual. to crime to be eligible,

9:27

and the law says the prison system should decide

9:29

that central question based on a new

9:31

algorithm called. Pattern: Here's

9:33

how David Patten, the federal public

9:36

defender, and. The York described the issue to Congress.

9:39

The score that people receive will

9:41

directly impact how much time they spend

9:43

in prison. It is

9:46

vital that that's where the problems

9:48

come in or it.

9:49

The same or what it from these.

9:51

kinds of risk tools are common in the

9:53

criminal justice system in many states but

9:55

critics say pattern is the first time the

9:57

federal government has been using an

9:59

al gore them With such high stakes,

10:02

the Justice Department finished the first version

10:04

in a rush and said it suffered from math

10:06

problems and human error, so it made

10:08

some tweaks bus about fourteen.

10:11

Thousand men and women in prison still

10:13

wound up in the wrong risk categories

10:16

and there were big disparities for people

10:18

of color and how this tool work

10:20

on rock band his. Senior Policy Council

10:23

(US). Then feel you.

10:24

The Justice Department found that only

10:26

seven percent of black people

10:29

in the sample were classified as

10:31

minimum level and,

10:33

thirty twenty one percent of

10:35

white people

10:37

This indicator alone should get the

10:39

Department of Justice great pause

10:42

and moving forward.

10:43

Then. Out his own data says pattern

10:46

over predicted the risk that black

10:48

Hispanic and Asian people in prison would

10:50

commit new crimes or violate rules, but

10:52

it under predicted the risk for. "Some and means

10:54

of color when it came to possible return to

10:56

violent crime", Melissa Hamilton

10:59

is professor of law and criminal justice

11:01

at the University of Surrey, she says,

11:03

despite all. These problems pattern

11:05

may be worth saving the.

11:07

unfortunate thing is better than

11:09

gut instincts of very

11:11

slides humans that we all are

11:14

Then, and can we improve it more

11:16

than largely in that's what we're working

11:18

on?

11:20

So what is the Justice Department

11:22

saying about the program and

11:24

these problems?

11:25

Then. Justice Department said new written statement

11:27

that Attorney General Merrick Garland has directed

11:30

people to try to address racial bias

11:32

and this tool to make it more transparent

11:35

all of a sudden. Of there's gonna be an overhaul

11:37

underway at some point and

11:39

at all of this is really technical stuff,

11:41

it could take a wild sex even

11:44

if the Justice Department moves ahead. Here

11:46

it's not clear they can find a way to

11:48

eliminate all the racial bias in

11:50

this algorithm that's why some advocates

11:52

wanna see the. Justice Department in Congress to

11:55

drop this thing altogether and,

11:57

we're just as course on a gary johnson scary

12:05

And that as a first for this Wednesday, January

12:07

twenty sixth I'm Rachel.

12:09

And. I'm Steve Inskeep, join us here tomorrow and check

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