The Reality of Fiction with Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

The Reality of Fiction with Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

Released Thursday, 20th March 2025
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The Reality of Fiction with Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

The Reality of Fiction with Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

The Reality of Fiction with Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

The Reality of Fiction with Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

Thursday, 20th March 2025
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I always said and I mean this is something

1:00

that I learned in South Africa because we

1:03

have such a large Nigerian population I always

1:05

go like Nigerians were the first Africans who

1:07

taught me to believe in myself. Do you

1:09

know what I mean? Like every other African

1:11

that I met always had like a certain

1:13

level of like How are you doing? I

1:15

was like, I'm okay. You know, I'm fine. Like, you

1:17

know, we even say in South Africa, we'll be

1:19

like, ah, yang nang, which means I'm almost like

1:21

I'm begging. I'm begging my way through. I, hey,

1:24

you know, I'm getting by. I try. You know,

1:26

and Nigerian, I remember, like, you know, I'm getting

1:28

by. I, you know, I try. I, you know,

1:30

and Nigerian, I remember, I remember, like, I remember,

1:33

like, I remember, like, I remember, like, I remember,

1:35

like, like, like, like, I'm, I'm, I'm, I'm, I'm,

1:37

I'm, I'm, I'm, I'm, I'm, I'm, I'm, I'm, I'm,

1:39

I'm, I'm, I'm, I'm, I'm, I try, I'm, I try, I'm,

1:41

I'm, I'm, I try, I This

1:44

is what now with Trevanoa

1:46

This episode is brought to

1:48

you by National Education Association

1:51

Any A's read across

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America campaign celebrates a

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nation of diverse readers

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with recommend books, authors,

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and teaching resources that

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promote diversity and inclusion.

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However, certain politicians are

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banning books with characters

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representing diverse perspectives and

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experiences, including books about

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Martin Luther King and

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the Trail of Tears. But let's

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be honest, all students deserve

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access to diverse, age-appropriate books.

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So, help us celebrate and protect the

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America's students. Learn more at

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Read Across America. this episode is

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ultra running. Why?

3:03

You don't look tired? You

3:05

look fantastic. How are you?

3:07

I'm well. I'm tired. I'm

3:09

tired. You don't know. Seven.

3:12

You know? Hello, Trara. How

3:14

are you? I'm well. I'm tired.

3:16

I'm tired. I don't look tired.

3:18

You look great. You look

3:20

fantastic. But wait, wait. Tired.

3:23

Tired. Tired. Tied from life

3:25

or tired? No, I always

3:27

feel like you should ask

3:29

you should ask people. How

3:32

are you. But what they mean

3:34

is, I'm exhausted. No, you're about

3:36

to take their own life. No,

3:38

no, no, no, why we don't

3:40

think of it like that. I'm

3:42

on book tour. I've been traveling.

3:44

That's what I mean. I just

3:46

assumed you would know that's what I

3:48

meant. I don't assume you would

3:50

know that that's what I meant.

3:52

I don't assume anything when people

3:54

tell me how they are. Some

3:57

people, some people are, they just

3:59

like, they are. They're like, I love

4:01

getting out then, meeting the people. No, I

4:03

do, I mean, but after five days of

4:05

doing that when you haven't really slept,

4:07

and I don't sleep well when I'm

4:10

traveling, I don't sleep well in strange

4:12

places, I'm in hotel rooms and I

4:14

left Seattle at 430 this morning. Oh,

4:16

okay, yeah, then you should be tired.

4:18

Yeah, so, so I'm not at all

4:21

suggesting that I don't like meeting my

4:23

fans because I actually do. Yeah. But

4:25

it's, but it's a good problem problem

4:27

to have to have so. Sometimes

4:30

I think the phrase good problem

4:32

robs us. of our ability to

4:34

like feel what we feel. Like,

4:36

you know what I mean? Sometimes

4:38

people will say it to you

4:40

almost like you're not allowed to

4:42

feel something because of the position

4:44

you're in relative to another position.

4:46

They have to be grateful for

4:49

the problem. Yeah, yeah. People are

4:51

like, wow, but these are good

4:53

problems. They're like, no, no, no,

4:55

it's just a problem. Just say it

4:57

sucks. I don't think it needs to be

4:59

a good one. Yes. But I kind of

5:01

like that I have the problem. Okay, okay.

5:04

Which is to say that I kind

5:06

of like that people are interested in

5:08

the book. Right? If they weren't, I

5:10

would not be traveling for the book.

5:12

So... But I don't think, well... Yeah, but

5:14

I think when you say a good problem,

5:17

you're already saying the problem

5:19

part, no? I think if somebody said

5:21

that to me, I would not take

5:23

it well. Okay, you do not get

5:25

to decide for me what my good

5:27

problem is. Oh, no, no, then we're

5:29

on the same page. Okay, no, no.

5:32

Because sometimes it's like this, you have to,

5:34

to embrace humility, you

5:36

have to like coach, couch everything you

5:38

say and, yes. It's this, but, but

5:40

I'm grateful, you know, that thing that

5:42

you have to do, but sometimes

5:44

you have to do, but

5:46

sometimes you have. Speak. Okay.

5:48

Oh, by the report, you're

5:50

a fresh one if you want.

5:52

Thank you. Right now we put

5:54

it. It's up to you. I

5:57

got this from Seth Myers.

5:59

Oh. Christian and I were

6:01

chatting earlier about, first of all, your

6:04

name and the fact that you are, I

6:06

think in many ways, a dying breed,

6:08

right? You said a beautiful, you

6:10

said a literary giant. You just

6:12

go Chimamanda and people are like, oh,

6:15

oh wow, okay. You just have to

6:17

say one name. Yeah, it's like being

6:19

Beyonce, but in the world of

6:21

books. Do you know what I mean?

6:24

There's no denying any type of art

6:26

that comes with fame, then comes

6:28

with the pressure. And in a weird

6:30

way, I feel like art, for the most

6:32

part, not to be high for lute and

6:34

about it, but like, art is almost

6:36

supposed to be like bumping up against

6:38

things all the time. It's sort of,

6:41

it's accepted but not accepted, challenging, but

6:43

you know, but still accessible. It's like

6:45

in this weird space. How do you

6:48

feel about your fame relative to what

6:50

you're doing? Like do you feel it

6:52

hinders you or do you feel like

6:54

it liberates you? Neither. But hold on.

6:57

So, but do you think, so

6:59

are you suggesting that fame means

7:01

somehow that fame corrupts art? So

7:03

I think what happens oftentimes is

7:05

fame interferes with how art can

7:08

be perceived. That's what I think it

7:10

does, right? So I'll speak through the

7:12

lens of, let's say, stand up comedy

7:14

alone. Any comedian who's like word

7:16

their salt will tell you the difference

7:19

in how an audience perceives a perspective

7:21

or a joke when the person when

7:23

the comedian is famous is very different

7:25

Because now they're not listening to what

7:27

you're saying They're trying to listen to it

7:29

through the lens of them having a perception or

7:31

an idea of who you are and where you

7:33

are in relation to them So they don't go

7:36

funny not funny insightful not insightful. They'll

7:38

go that's that's that's stupid for you

7:40

and I'm like what you mean that's

7:42

stupid for me If I told, I would have told

7:44

that joke 10 years ago, although I like that style

7:47

of joke, and they'd be like, yeah, but come on,

7:49

you're Trevor Noah, and I'm like, no, no, you see,

7:51

that's where I feel like you're making the mistake. Like

7:53

if you make a joke about traffic, people like, well,

7:55

you can get a helicopter, which I often say. Exactly.

7:58

You love saying that. You love saying it. No, but

8:00

I mean, I think of it like,

8:02

like, you know, and sometimes we only

8:04

afford this to artists, for instance, let's

8:07

say actual painters, when they're dead, I

8:09

love how much gravitas is awarded to,

8:11

let's say, Picasso for a random napkin

8:13

sketch. People like, oh, look at this,

8:16

Picasso sketch. And you're like, guys, it's

8:18

like a stick figure. Yes, but even

8:20

in it, you can see it harkens

8:22

to his view of the world. I'm

8:24

like, guys, the guy was just sketching

8:27

on a napkin. Yes, but it was

8:29

Picasso sketching. Do you understand what I'm

8:31

saying? So how do you feel about

8:33

it? About fame? And it's such a

8:35

strange thing. I don't even know what

8:38

to do with my face when I'm

8:40

saying, I think of face. It's kind

8:42

of like to me. I don't want

8:44

to just think of one. But it's

8:47

just, I don't think of, I think

8:49

that when I'm writing fiction, because that's,

8:51

for me, the distinctions in what I

8:53

do and how much they mean to

8:55

me. So fiction is the thing I

8:58

love. I really think it's my vocation.

9:00

I think it's the reason I'm here.

9:02

I really believe that. I really believe

9:04

that. I really believe that I have

9:06

an ancestral gift. So with fiction, nothing

9:09

else matters. When I'm writing, I'm not,

9:11

I'm not, I don't remember that I'm

9:13

supposed to be this famous person when

9:15

I'm writing fiction. When I'm done writing

9:18

fiction and I'm editing it and someone

9:20

else is sort of, you know, there's

9:22

an editor looking over looking over it.

9:24

It's sacrosanct. I don't think about my

9:26

audience. It's truly almost magical, honestly. But

9:29

the other things, I can tell when

9:31

people are bullshitting me, when people say,

9:33

I love your walk. And I'm thinking,

9:35

no, you don't. But you actually don't.

9:37

But have you told anyone that? Some,

9:40

yes. Oh, wow. That's the most Nigerian

9:42

thing I've ever come across. She's a

9:44

real Iba woman list. No, I mean,

9:46

I'm sitting next to, this is like,

9:49

like, wow. No, this is so much

9:51

what's there. No, I mean, this is

9:53

amazing. But I think it can be

9:55

a good thing, right? For someone, and

9:57

usually it's my wonderful Nigerians. Oh, gee,

10:00

ma'am, I love you. So I said

10:02

to him, I was, which one have

10:04

you read? He said, I've read them,

10:06

I said, which one have you read?

10:08

He was like, well, yeah, for I

10:11

said, okay, what happened? when it's non-Nigerians.

10:13

You know, usually I can tell, but

10:15

then I'm slightly gentler because sometimes non-Nigerians

10:17

don't know how to handle the sort

10:20

of Nigerian directness. Yes. But I think

10:22

in general, because I wanted to be

10:24

read, I've always wanted to be read,

10:26

and I really do feel very grateful,

10:28

you know, how you said people have

10:31

to say that good, but I am

10:33

actually quite grateful to be read. But

10:35

I think fame was never a thing

10:37

that I sought that I sought. And

10:39

in some ways also, because I'm not

10:42

on social media, because sometimes I'm still

10:44

surprised, just like, oh, so that person

10:46

actually knows me. So I'm not... Yeah,

10:48

it doesn't occupy me. Was that an

10:51

intentional choice to not be on social

10:53

media? Yes, yes. What was it? Self-preservation.

10:55

Huh. So not in a high-minded way,

10:57

by the way. Just because I know

10:59

that I will get into fights. with

11:02

people and it will not end well.

11:04

So I thought, so you, you're the

11:06

person, you would reply if somebody at

11:08

to you and say something. Oh, I

11:10

will find where you live and come

11:13

to your house. You know, that's how

11:15

we met. Yeah. Well, what? That's how,

11:17

that's how Christina, and I'm crazy. When

11:19

Trevor first got his job at the

11:22

Daily Show, he had, um, a guest

11:24

on that I didn't agree with. that

11:26

I thought he shouldn't have had it.

11:28

I stand by that. And I... Does

11:30

this guest have a name perhaps? Yeah,

11:33

Tommy Lorent. Yeah. And it was like

11:35

a super viral interview and there was

11:37

lots of reaction. and credit to Trevor,

11:39

he came across tweets where I was

11:41

critical of him in a very respectful

11:44

way, I think. I was kind of...

11:46

How you were critical? Not critical, I

11:48

was just discussing... Oh, yeah. I was

11:50

just... I was discussing the fact that

11:53

he'd had this guest on his show,

11:55

and because he disagreed with me, he

11:57

followed me. He was just like, I

11:59

don't think she's right, because he stands

12:01

by why he had an interview, which

12:04

I love about him, and... And someone

12:06

reached out to me and was like,

12:08

oh, Trevor's, Trevor No, is a fan.

12:10

Do you want to, well we thought

12:12

about working at the show and the

12:15

Nigerian in me was like, this man

12:17

is trying to trick me. And tell

12:19

me off, that's the first thing I

12:21

told my person, I was like, I've

12:24

got this email, I think this man

12:26

is trying to trick me and he's

12:28

holding a grudge because I said he

12:30

shouldn't have that girl. But there was

12:32

like that. No, but I see why

12:35

though. We engaged in a few conversations

12:37

where he was like, you know, you

12:39

made me think I don't necessarily agree.

12:41

I don't necessarily agreed. I don't necessarily

12:43

agreed. I don't necessarily agreed. I don't

12:46

necessarily agreed. I don't necessarily agreed. I

12:48

don't necessarily agreed. I don't necessarily agreed.

12:50

I don't necessarily agreed. I don't necessarily

12:52

agreed. I don't necessarily agreed. I don't

12:55

necessarily agreed. I don't necessarily agreed. I

12:57

don't necessarily agreed. I don't necessarily agree.

12:59

I don't necessarily agree. I don't necessarily

13:01

agree. I don't necessarily agree. I don't

13:03

necessarily Trevor's very kumbaya, but I'm a

13:06

child of Biafras, I always want to

13:08

fight. So there is that, I think

13:10

there's that, not tension, but no, we

13:12

bring different things to how we approach

13:15

things. Yeah, it's completely great. I think

13:17

like what I connected with you on

13:19

was most important for me is like,

13:21

I, and you know this, even till

13:23

this day. I don't care about agreeing

13:26

with people, but I love a well-structured

13:28

argument. I love an idea that makes

13:30

me think, and then something for me

13:32

to butt up again. I actually find

13:34

it boring when people all hang out

13:37

in a group and agree with each

13:39

other. I personally think we're losing a

13:41

lot of that. Yep. You know, like

13:43

we live in a world now where

13:46

we go, I don't agree with you,

13:48

so it's finished. And I'm like, no,

13:50

but... Guys if I was to get

13:52

rid of everyone in my life who

13:54

I didn't agree with on an issue

13:57

I would have no one in my

13:59

life Yeah, do you know what I

14:01

mean? Yes, this is a gospel that

14:03

needs to be preached more in America

14:05

You think in America particularly yes? This

14:08

is not the case in Nigeria for

14:10

example and I would argue in most

14:12

of Africa people know that you can

14:14

disagree with the person and still have

14:17

a relationship with them. I think what's

14:19

happening in the US is a kind

14:21

of, you know, this kind of practice

14:23

of purity, this kind of, you know,

14:25

you have to have this particular views

14:28

otherwise, and then the moralizing of opinion.

14:30

So somebody feels a certain way about

14:32

something. It's not just that you think

14:34

they're wrong, is that you think that

14:36

they're bad people. And I think that

14:39

that moralizing then means like, because you

14:41

think this way you're a bad person,

14:43

and I cannot be in my life.

14:45

I think it's a particularly American thing.

14:48

I really think so. And it's quite

14:50

contemporary. I mean, it's recent. I came

14:52

to the US in 97. I don't

14:54

think America was like that when I

14:56

came to the US. I think it's

14:59

recent. Do you find like that? Well,

15:01

I came to America in 2014, and

15:03

I say this a lot. and maybe

15:05

I'm coming from like a Western lens

15:07

of being in the UK and communicating

15:10

with my friends in the UK. I

15:12

think in the UK also people are

15:14

wearing their politics more or whatever their

15:16

label of whatever you identify as, whether

15:19

the Republican Democrat, socialist or whatever, and

15:21

that is being at the front of

15:23

a conversation in a way that is

15:25

tainting how you can experience a person

15:27

in real life. Yeah. In a way

15:30

that I didn't feel when I first...

15:32

came to America. When I first came.

15:34

Yeah, because remember I came when Obama

15:36

was still in power. You're not wrong,

15:38

actually. Yeah, when I came at the

15:41

tail end of Obama, everyone assumed Hillary

15:43

would win. And to be a Trump

15:45

voter was a very quiet thing. I

15:47

mean, we only discovered there were so

15:50

many voters when the guy won. Because

15:52

everyone was, it was just those red-hat

15:54

people over there. you never thought it

15:56

was a people around you and I

15:58

think there became this scrutiny after Trump

16:01

Monday. Did you vote for him? Did

16:03

you vote for him? Like that suspicion

16:05

or people who weren't in active mourning

16:07

that Hillary wasn't president and then it

16:09

changed the timber of our interactions in

16:12

a way that I don't think we've

16:14

recovered from or gone back to and

16:16

I think that's even deepened now in

16:18

his second term. And you know, I

16:21

always try and grapple with this. I

16:23

try and figure out, especially now, because

16:25

I spend more time in South Africa

16:27

than I've done over the past 10

16:29

years. When I was doing the Daily

16:32

Show, most of my life was just

16:34

in America and in the US, I

16:36

couldn't really leave much. And now I

16:38

get to spend more time going back

16:40

to South Africa and traveling around. And

16:43

one of the biggest things I've realized

16:45

is in America, more than most places

16:47

I've been to, people where their politics

16:49

as their culture, Do you know the

16:52

man? So no one would dare say

16:54

where I'm from. I am a Republican

16:56

or I am. No, no, no. I'm

16:58

Hosa. I'm Zulu. I'm Joanna. I'm Bedi.

17:00

But that's also because our politics in

17:03

Africa is not ideological though. Oh, what

17:05

do you mean by that? But it's

17:07

not though. I mean, is there in

17:09

South Africa, a party that you could

17:11

say is on the left and on

17:14

the right and in the center, based

17:16

on their policies. they're emerging in some

17:18

ways, but previously there wasn't, let's put

17:20

it this way, all the major parties

17:23

in South Africa will have very similar

17:25

promises or ideals, they just have differences

17:27

on how they believe they're going to

17:29

get there. So most of them wouldn't

17:31

argue that health care is a right.

17:34

They all go like, no, no, everyone

17:36

should have health care. and they should

17:38

be free education and they but then

17:40

they'll argue about the permutations of how

17:42

to get there to you and I

17:45

think that you know in agreeing with

17:47

what you're saying yeah but I'm just

17:49

thinking about what I think that this

17:51

kind of polarization even that what I

17:54

don't like I think it preceded Trump

17:56

I think Trump made it was but

17:58

do you I mean I think it

18:00

was I felt it with yeah maybe

18:02

maybe maybe that's a result of like

18:05

the bubble I was in myself yeah

18:07

I just think we're in a time

18:09

where a time where people feel really

18:11

defensive about what they believe and there's

18:14

not much step base for negotiation. I

18:16

felt a lot of that reading your

18:18

book. Which we actually read by the

18:20

way. You did read it. I loved

18:22

it. I loved it. So much. Oh,

18:25

I loved your work. Your book was

18:27

fantastic. I loved it. I love that

18:29

one you just did. No, no, really.

18:31

Cover to cover. This is how much

18:33

I read it. I remember the first,

18:36

maybe like the first 50 pages. I

18:38

thought it was a, I thought it

18:40

was like a memoir. I know this

18:42

is crazy to you. Please don't get

18:45

me wrong. I opened and I opened

18:47

and I was like. Oh, is this

18:49

like your nickname? And are you telling

18:51

me your real story? No, I'm being

18:53

serious. And then I started googling your

18:56

your father. I was like, oh, I

18:58

knew he did statistic. I don't know

19:00

that he was this mega rich person.

19:02

And I was like, she's old money.

19:04

I was like, yeah, I was like,

19:07

what do I not know about this

19:09

person that is now changing how I

19:11

see this? And nothing that I'm googling

19:13

is coming, is coming together. No, because

19:16

I think in the way that it's

19:18

coming together. When I read a novel,

19:20

it is told sort of third person,

19:22

then she went and did this, then

19:24

they were, this felt like a me

19:27

story from the beginning. Yeah, you're a

19:29

mass into this world of COVID? Yes.

19:31

COVID? And the people arguing with family.

19:33

You then went to Google to, wait,

19:35

this doesn't sound right. No, I was,

19:38

I was, but I would love to

19:40

know what inspired, or like, because you

19:42

live in a world of fiction, you

19:44

can go anywhere. Yes. Because you do

19:47

know that there is such a thing

19:49

as the first person narration. No, no,

19:51

I do. I understand this. I understand

19:53

this completely, but what I'm saying oftentimes

19:55

the first person narration isn't so closely

19:58

tied to the author. I love that

20:00

you find the story of music. No,

20:02

I'm just saying for me. But also,

20:04

it's a wonderful compliment. Can I just

20:06

say that because it means that you

20:09

so believed? this world that I created?

20:11

Only for the first 50 pages. By

20:13

the time we got, once we started

20:15

getting to like Zekora's story and once

20:18

we were in like, you know what

20:20

I mean, Kadiato stories, I was, I

20:22

was like, okay, I'm, I knew what

20:24

was happening. Give me some credit. But

20:26

I'm just saying for the first 50,

20:29

I was like, this is a very,

20:31

I even was planning my first question

20:33

to you was gonna be like, how

20:35

do your friends feel about the stories

20:37

you've revealed about them? The things you've

20:40

said about their sex lives, I was

20:42

like, wow, I mean, Africans are generally

20:44

conservative. How can you, Africans are so

20:46

private? I was like, you've told this

20:49

is, Wow. He said that it felt

20:51

like sneaking into a diary entry. It

20:53

really did feel like that. Initially. So

20:55

I would love to know the why

20:57

because you talk about the world we're

21:00

in now and you mentioned it as

21:02

well. How much of the world we're

21:04

in now influences or influenced this book?

21:06

You know and you're going I think

21:08

Like why is the book set in

21:11

and around COVID? It takes place right

21:13

before COVID and then into COVID and

21:15

then sort of out of COVID. Why

21:17

does it take place then? Why does

21:20

it take place, you know, at liberal

21:22

American universities? Why does it take place

21:24

in this moment in time is what

21:26

I'd love to know. Because I'm interested

21:28

in this moment. I think for a

21:31

writer, COVID is gold, because especially lockdown.

21:33

Lockerdown was so surreal, so unique, so

21:35

original, that you cannot but use it.

21:37

It's like perfect material, because you can

21:39

do anything with lockdown. And I think

21:42

people reacted to lockdown in such different

21:44

ways. So you kind of start with

21:46

lockdown was your canvas, and you can

21:48

really do anything with it. So I

21:51

remember. I'm not sure, I didn't set

21:53

out, I don't even think of it

21:55

as a COVID novel. I think of

21:57

it as, because COVID in some ways

21:59

is only a, so you want a

22:02

character who's looking back, you want a

22:04

character who I'm very interested in looking

22:06

back, I'm very, I'm almost addicted to

22:08

nostalgia, I'm kind of always, you know,

22:10

and a kind of melancholy as well,

22:13

COVID just felt. to me the perfect

22:15

setting to have that character look back.

22:17

So she's locked down, she's alone in

22:19

her house, and she looks back. So

22:22

I think if COVID hadn't happened, I

22:24

suppose I would have maybe out of

22:26

mid her fall sick and then be

22:28

in hospital. Okay, you wanted to isolate

22:30

her to look back on her life.

22:33

Yes. Okay. Yes. It's not that I

22:35

think that COVID had any. Well, it's

22:37

up to the reader. I was going

22:39

to say, I don't think COVID has

22:41

any particular meaning in the novel. But

22:44

I think it's to say that the

22:46

sort of authorial intent was not to

22:48

make COVID a character, really, but to

22:50

make COVID backdrop. Because I think that

22:53

COVID, I don't think I've written, if

22:55

I, this is not the COVID novel,

22:57

because I think there's just so much

22:59

more that would have to be in

23:01

it. to make it the COVID novel,

23:04

if that makes sense. Yeah, I understand.

23:06

What novel would you say it is

23:08

then? Love, dreams? A certain kind of

23:10

melancholy, longing. Yeah. Yeah. I think it's,

23:12

I think it's my most grown-up novel,

23:15

which is to say that it's my

23:17

most, the novel in which I'm most

23:19

willing to... acknowledge

23:21

even embrace uncertainty. And I don't

23:23

need to have all the answers

23:25

and I don't need to, I

23:27

don't need to, you know, have

23:30

it all together. I feel like

23:32

I had a sense of responsibility

23:34

with half of a yellow sun,

23:36

for example. And with Americana, I

23:38

was setting myself free from being

23:40

the good daughter of literature. I

23:42

was like, I'm just going to

23:44

do what I want and I'm

23:46

going to. And now I feel

23:48

like I've grown up. So dream

23:50

counts. Yeah. I mean, of course,

23:52

it's also my diary, as Trevor

23:54

said. It feels like it to

23:57

me. It's the best thing I've

23:59

had to do. No, it really

24:01

is. To me, to me, it

24:03

feels, and you know why it

24:05

feels like a theory is to

24:07

what you're saying about like love,

24:09

right? Every single one of the

24:11

stories in the book, I think

24:13

are in many ways an honest

24:15

reflection of how we experienced love

24:17

in our lives. Funny enough, men

24:19

and women. I was honestly intrigued

24:21

by that part of the book.

24:23

I was going, was it an

24:26

intentional choice that you made. to

24:28

sort of keep us blind from

24:30

how the men were experiencing the

24:32

love and only have it be

24:34

how the women were thinking that

24:36

the men were experiencing the love.

24:38

Because I don't know how the

24:40

men were experiencing it. Wait, what

24:42

do you mean by that? Because

24:44

it's a book about women's lives.

24:46

So it's interesting because like Darnell

24:48

and you know all of these

24:50

horrible men in the book. They're

24:52

interior lives. Horrible. I found this,

24:55

listen, it's my reading, it's my

24:57

reading. Okay, okay, okay, okay, okay.

24:59

I found a lot of them

25:01

horrible. Oh, come on. What did

25:03

you find the most horrible? Oh

25:05

my God. Well, you guys know

25:07

I'm anti-men in general, but like,

25:09

let me, yeah. You know, my

25:11

life is just filled of brilliant

25:13

women. Yeah, well, I care. Because

25:15

I have some pretty good men

25:17

in my life, and I don't

25:19

know that I could have that

25:21

rule. Are they like... brothers, family

25:24

members, friends. Yeah, I just speak

25:26

to them during the night between

25:28

95. But only about to travel's

25:30

question. Who did you? We know

25:32

that you're... Okay, so in terms

25:34

of who disturbed my spirit the

25:36

most, like, left me vibrating a

25:38

bit quamid. And that's because I'm

25:40

postpart of myself and those scenes

25:42

of Zakora, like... knowing her mother

25:44

in a new way because of

25:46

the vacuum of that man not

25:48

being there was really beautiful to

25:50

me because me and my friends

25:53

talk about all the time like

25:55

it took us becoming mothers to

25:57

actually see our mothers as girls

25:59

and like it's a dialogue we're

26:01

constantly happening. Kwame because of how

26:03

he behaved. and how his family

26:05

behaved that created a resentment. I'm

26:07

like, that's not an honorable person.

26:09

So lying to me, that's like

26:11

a horrible man. That's lovely. You

26:13

know, I love that you're thinking

26:15

about such things as being an

26:17

honorable person. Yeah. Yeah, I think

26:20

the whole life you have been

26:22

in love is that you are

26:24

not in fact sophisticated. I mean,

26:26

there's a kind of lowering of

26:28

your just every imaginable barrier and

26:30

guard that you have when love

26:32

happens, I think. And Kwame... Okay.

26:34

I mean, could we have some

26:36

empathy for Kwame? I don't know.

26:38

Oh, interest. Can you go into

26:40

that? I would love... No, I'm

26:42

now intrigued. Yeah. No, I don't

26:44

know. I don't know. I don't

26:46

know. I don't know. I don't

26:49

know. I don't know. I don't

26:51

know what happened. But on the

26:53

empathy point, when people listen to

26:55

this after they read the book.

26:57

I mean, what do you think

26:59

happened? I just feel like something

27:01

must have happened to him. Speaking

27:03

of trauma and trauma response, maybe

27:05

it was a kind of exaggerated

27:07

trauma response. This is what I

27:09

felt while reading the book as

27:11

a man. I felt like it

27:13

was, I'd love to know your

27:15

perspective as the author, but it's

27:18

like, everyone sees love from their

27:20

point of view, you know, everyone

27:22

in every story that they tell

27:24

makes sense. from their point of

27:26

view. So whenever someone's telling me

27:28

their love story, I've met very

27:30

few people who tell me the

27:32

love story where they are the

27:34

villains in it. I meet very

27:36

few people who are aware of

27:38

the elements that they contributed. And

27:40

I'm always intrigued by that. I'm

27:42

always intrigued by that. I'm always

27:44

intrigued by how people will tell

27:47

you a love story where they've

27:49

just been slighted. The world has

27:51

done them wrong. They just keep

27:53

bumping into these wrong characters in

27:55

it. And I'm like, yeah, I

27:57

know this. Do you mean women

27:59

and men? Yeah. Yeah, completely. You

28:01

don't agree? No, I'm just curious.

28:03

So men tell love stories about

28:05

how they were completely. I think

28:07

the difference with men for the

28:09

most part is because we aren't

28:11

really comfortable with our

28:14

emotions and naming them and we

28:16

don't spend as much time in

28:18

them, especially with our friends, we

28:20

may, I think we will water

28:22

them down or we'll compress them

28:24

into a simple feeling like anger.

28:26

I'm angry. You know, we'll very seldom

28:28

say like... I felt ashamed. Well, very

28:30

seldom say like I felt inadequate. I

28:33

felt no, well, it's just angry, you

28:35

know, it's a simple one. But I

28:37

think men will tell very similar stories,

28:39

similar stories to, you know, to the

28:42

ones that I found in your book

28:44

where I'll say to a man, friend, what

28:46

happened? Yeah, she was this and she was

28:48

that and it wasn't gonna, and I go

28:50

like, okay, but what, I understand

28:53

you, but what was the we? Right

28:55

because every love story has to have

28:57

a we in the same yes, terrible

28:59

and we I'm just worried that we're

29:01

sort of going into the both sides

29:03

territory I think that there's some relationships

29:06

where one person is an asshole. Oh,

29:08

completely. Yeah, that's that's completely true And

29:10

that asshole may not acknowledge that they

29:12

were the asshole, but it doesn't mean

29:14

that they're not I just feel as though Reading

29:16

reading this book that's about women's stories about

29:19

men I'm struck by how It's been out,

29:21

I don't know, two weeks. I'm struck by

29:23

how many people have said to me, what about

29:25

the man? What about the man? What about the man

29:27

stories? Which is what Trevor is doing. Whoa, who I think

29:30

it's. We can rewind the tape. I didn't say that. I

29:32

did not say that. I did not say that. I did

29:34

not say that. I did not say that. I did not

29:36

say that. I did not say that. I did not say

29:38

that. I did not say that. I did not say that. I

29:40

did not say that. I did not say what about

29:43

the man's. I did not say what about the

29:45

man's. I did not say what about the man's.

29:47

I did not say what about the man's. What

29:49

about the man's. What about the man's. What about

29:51

the man's. was if you chose to keep it

29:53

opaque on purpose. So you didn't give us the

29:56

answers about why that happened. The answer doesn't have

29:58

to do it like the man's point. of you,

30:00

but it's the answer nonetheless. So many

30:02

of the characters, they don't know why

30:04

it happened. The person disappears, but they

30:06

never get the closure. They never get

30:08

the answer. They left with this ghost

30:11

that haunts them. And so what I

30:13

was asking is like, if you did

30:15

that on purpose, I don't want to

30:17

know like, oh, but what was his

30:19

version of it? I'm more intrigued by

30:21

why you left us with characters that

30:23

were sort of unresolved in the answer

30:25

that they were looking for. That's what

30:27

like a difference between the two. No,

30:31

there isn't. Oh, okay. That was very

30:33

cleverly done. But no, because, but anyway,

30:35

it doesn't matter because I'm, I'm, it

30:38

just struck me because I think that

30:40

there is a kind of expectation we

30:42

have, I think, that in reading that

30:44

we, maybe even unconsciously, that we still

30:46

look for the men, if that makes

30:48

sense. I think if it were a

30:51

book... about men telling the stories that

30:53

I don't think as many people would

30:55

have asked me, well, what did the

30:57

women think? Hmm. I would have. Not

30:59

that. Yeah, no, you definitely would have.

31:02

But we all know that you're different.

31:04

But anyway, so Trevor. What else do

31:06

you want to know? Oh, I want

31:08

to know everything. I would actually like

31:10

to know as well, like, you know,

31:13

and maybe it's because of Christianas, like,

31:15

like, I mean, just presence in my

31:17

life as a person. I think you

31:19

were, other than my mom, probably the

31:21

woman who's given me the most insight

31:23

into the, like, just like the nitty

31:26

gritty of like, like ugly womanhood, if

31:28

I would call it that, you know?

31:30

As eloquently as I'm unvarnished completely. And

31:32

this book in a really weird way

31:34

for me felt like an extension of

31:37

the conversations I've had with Christiana. And

31:39

like when we were talking about the

31:41

inner workings of a woman's body and

31:43

how it's... quote-unquote betraying her in some

31:45

ways and how it's not doing what

31:48

it's supposed to do for her and

31:50

and then like even the frustration You

31:52

know, there's one line which I'll misquote,

31:54

but it was essentially something to the

31:56

effect of how, I forget which character

31:58

was saying this, but they were basically

32:01

saying, there was almost like a resentment

32:03

in the fact that their future and

32:05

the dream and their life they were

32:07

looking for was tied to men. They

32:09

couldn't achieve that dream without the man

32:12

being attached to them. Yeah, one of

32:14

my favorite lines is. the character that

32:16

basically says when you marry it when

32:18

you get married they leave you alone

32:20

even if you divorce them I was

32:23

like this is brilliant Nigerian logic but

32:25

it's the truth because like my friend

32:27

just said I just got married for

32:29

freedom freedom from the question from the

32:31

judgment oh because your family leaves you

32:33

alone yeah yeah now you're in your

32:36

husband's house yes I'm gonna complain about

32:38

the thing yes because you're under his

32:40

dominion right right right right so to

32:42

speak and it's and often you actually

32:44

not, but it's a perception people have.

32:47

So you're in your husband's house. Nobody

32:49

knows what you're doing or what sort

32:51

of life you actually have. So for

32:53

many women it's a kind of freedom

32:55

really. in a strange kind of way

32:58

in a perverse kind of way obviously

33:00

we want to live in a world

33:02

where a woman doesn't need to do

33:04

that to achieve freedom but if you

33:06

live in a society that imposes that

33:08

kind of thing on you it would

33:11

be nice to be in a society

33:13

that doesn't impose that's the reality yes

33:15

but it can then be a kind

33:17

of strange freedom which is so unvarnished

33:19

because that's not necessarily a thing even

33:22

as direct and honest as Nigerian women

33:24

are is what we'd say in a

33:26

forum that is not private. You know,

33:28

I mean, it was just like, I

33:30

felt like in moments you're in the

33:33

inner sanctum of the things women say

33:35

to each other that they don't tell

33:37

other people that I sometimes tell Trevor.

33:39

I thought I thought that about a

33:41

lot of it and I actually had

33:43

that as a question as well was,

33:46

you know, it's strange when it's a

33:48

novel. I feel like when it's nonfiction,

33:50

it sort of has a very direct

33:52

approach. With fiction, like most art, it's

33:54

at the discretion of the discretion of

33:57

the artist. How much of

33:59

the book are you in? as a

34:01

direct commentary on society and how much

34:03

are you allowing to live in a

34:05

complete fantasy? Like, are these rich Africans

34:08

on purpose? Are they interacting with white

34:10

liberals on purpose? Like, and if, because

34:12

I think you're very intentional, I'd love

34:14

to know like the why, like what

34:16

are you hoping to reveal to us

34:19

through those things? Like, you know, it

34:21

becomes so much more complex, but why

34:23

do you choose it? I don't know.

34:26

I really don't know. This is

34:28

the thing about writing fiction. I

34:31

don't like the why questions. Because

34:33

there's a lot that's not... I

34:35

am intentional, I hate that word,

34:37

about lectures and essays. I can

34:39

tell you what I had in

34:41

mind for the danger of a

34:43

single story, for example. But with

34:45

fiction, it's different. So rich African...

34:47

Because it's true. I mean, because

34:49

I'm interested in... So I think

34:52

I write about things that I'm

34:54

interested in obviously, right? Okay. So

34:56

when you talk about academia, American

34:58

academia, I'm interested in that. It's

35:00

also a world I kind of

35:02

know, because I've spent time there.

35:04

And so I can write about

35:06

it with a kind of authority

35:08

and authenticity, I think. But it's

35:10

also because I'm interested in all

35:12

of the permutations of American academia.

35:15

I think Dream Count... I don't

35:17

like the white questions. I think

35:19

you could say that dream count

35:21

is, I think in some ways

35:23

it's part satire, especially the bits

35:25

that are about academia. Okay. Right?

35:27

But I think as satire always

35:29

does, there's truth there. Like I'm

35:31

kind of holding up a slightly

35:33

mocking mirror to certain things that

35:36

happen. But I mean, there's also

35:38

obviously, I'm writing realism and so

35:40

it's kind of, you know, when

35:42

you say the... people who read

35:44

Dickens and there's a sense in

35:46

which you could say reading Dickens

35:48

is can give Clara's sense of

35:50

London at the time, Clara than

35:52

reading history. I know exactly what

35:54

you mean. Yes, so I kind

35:56

of like to think that that's

35:59

what I am doing with my

36:01

fiction, which is I'm creating art,

36:03

but there is of course also

36:05

a kind of social and political

36:07

component to it. Yeah, yeah, yeah.

36:09

But I'm not, I don't set

36:11

out to, I like to think

36:13

that my points are more blurred

36:15

in my fiction. So in other

36:17

words if I had to write

36:20

an essay about American academia, I

36:22

think it would be very blocked.

36:24

We're going to continue this conversation

36:26

right after this short break. This

36:28

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This episode is brought to you

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by Brooklyn. If you know anything

37:01

about me, you'll know that I

37:04

travel a lot. I'm always on

37:06

the road, in a different country,

37:08

in a different city, and most

37:10

importantly, in a different bed. That's

37:12

probably the one thing I miss

37:14

most about coming home, is that

37:16

I get to sleep in my

37:18

bed. Because let's be honest, there's

37:20

nothing quite like it. The bed

37:22

is really what makes it a

37:24

home. It's the space where all

37:27

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38:04

interested because we kind of started

38:06

this where we're talking about you

38:09

know you don't look at the

38:11

fame you don't think about audience

38:13

for fiction for fiction are there

38:15

moments when you're writing fiction when

38:17

you're like that feels I can't

38:19

go there. So you, it's kind

38:21

of, there's a fearlessness that comes

38:23

with the fiction. Yeah, I call

38:25

it a radical honesty. Okay. And

38:27

that's the only way that I

38:29

can feel happy. Fiction really makes

38:32

me happy when it's going well,

38:34

really makes me happy, and I

38:36

can tell when, and I, you

38:38

know, a few times in my

38:40

life when I've held back in

38:42

my fiction, and I can tell,

38:44

you know, I can tell that

38:46

I, in some ways it's like

38:48

letting yourself down. I can tell.

38:50

Can you say when you felt

38:53

you held back? In some of

38:55

the stories and the thing around

38:57

your neck, I think that I,

38:59

you know, I held back in

39:01

a way. Why did you? I

39:03

know you don't like the why

39:05

questions, but why did you? No,

39:07

this is a different kind of

39:09

why question. I guess because I

39:11

just felt like maybe I just

39:13

shouldn't go there. Maybe I shouldn't

39:16

be as honest as I think.

39:18

Maybe I shouldn't let this character

39:20

be its full self. I don't

39:22

know. But anyway, the point is,

39:24

I think if I learned anything

39:26

from doing that, it's that it

39:28

just doesn't make me happy. It

39:30

doesn't feel true. It doesn't feel

39:32

authentic. So some of those short

39:34

stories, I don't. actually. But no,

39:37

Dream Count, no. I don't hold

39:39

back. I go where the character

39:41

takes me. It's a revelation. And

39:43

you have some very direct characters.

39:45

Yes. But I also think, I

39:47

feel so strongly about literature, about

39:49

fiction. I think it's our last

39:51

frontier. This is, it's only in

39:53

literature that we can learn things

39:55

that we cannot learn anywhere else.

39:57

Journalism cannot tell us about human

40:00

motivation. Journalism cannot go deep into

40:02

like the terrain of the human

40:04

heart, which I think is really

40:06

key for almost everything in the

40:08

world. I mean, I really think

40:10

the psychology of people can explain

40:12

so much about the world. I

40:14

mean, just the psychology of the

40:16

people who are in leadership positions.

40:18

I think, you know, journalism can

40:21

do that. Politics doesn't do that.

40:23

To write nonfiction, especially about other

40:25

people's lives, is to be constrained.

40:27

by certain things that you cannot

40:29

possibly know. But I think fiction

40:31

lets you just, it's the essential

40:33

thing I think that we need

40:35

when it's done well. As was

40:37

done in this case. Yeah. And

40:39

I was going to say that

40:41

brings us to one of the

40:44

characters in the book is based

40:46

on a woman who exists in

40:48

real life. Can you tell us

40:50

a bit more? So, yes, inspired

40:52

by her. the legal department of

40:54

my publishers. Inspired by? Yeah, we

40:56

need to use the right language.

40:58

Inspired by. Okay. Yeah, so inspired

41:00

by. So I remember when I...

41:02

Did you follow the story of

41:05

Dominic Strauss-Kahn? I didn't actually. I

41:07

didn't know. I now went and...

41:09

read up on backwards. Yeah, it

41:11

wasn't, I don't think it was

41:13

really that big in South Africa

41:15

when this was happening. It was

41:17

big in the UK, yes, and

41:19

in the US, I mean, until

41:21

the case was dropped. So this

41:23

woman who was from Guinea and

41:25

who walked as a hotel housekeeper

41:28

accused him of raping her, she

41:30

walks into the room to clean

41:32

it and there's a naked white

41:34

man running toward her. And I

41:36

remember when I first... heard about

41:38

it I was just riveted by

41:40

it and it was also very

41:42

melodramatic he was he was arrested

41:44

he was already inside the plane

41:46

about to fly to Paris oh

41:49

wow where he would then have

41:51

started his campaign for president it

41:53

was almost a done deal that

41:55

he was going to be the

41:57

next French president And so he's

41:59

arrested and Americans as is the

42:01

want did this very dramatic thing

42:03

of parading him in front of

42:05

journalists which I hate. The purple.

42:07

I just I think it's a

42:10

terrible thing. Why? Why? Because I

42:12

think especially when it comes to

42:14

the sexual assault cases we really

42:16

have to be very careful to

42:18

get it right because the world

42:20

is so deeply immersed in misogyny

42:22

that the people looking for the

42:24

smallest reason to discredit a sexual

42:26

assault case. Huh. And so you

42:28

imagine the misogynist just aching to

42:30

say things like, see this is

42:33

wrong, we don't know if you

42:35

did it or not, you're already

42:37

parading him. I wish they had

42:39

kept it very quiet, I wish

42:41

they had gone to court, I

42:43

wish they had found him guilty,

42:45

I wish they had publicized the

42:47

evidence, that would have made me

42:49

very happy. Because then, I think

42:51

the story would have ended differently.

42:54

But anyway, so he's arrested and

42:56

he's let out on bail, and

42:58

then... We're all kind of looking

43:00

forward to the trial and then

43:02

at some point the cases dropped

43:04

and the cases dropped because they

43:06

said she had lied on her

43:08

asylum application. And I just remember

43:10

thinking, I was just shocked, I

43:12

really was, I almost couldn't believe

43:14

it. And also just the way

43:17

that his lawyers talked about her,

43:19

they just kept repeating liar and

43:21

lied, lied liar. Yeah. And for

43:23

the average person watching this. your

43:25

assumption is going to be that

43:27

she lied about what had happened.

43:29

And I think this was also

43:31

very, I think they deliberately did

43:33

that. But in fact, they said

43:35

she lied about her asylum. And

43:38

my thinking is, what we're saying

43:40

to women is if you ever

43:42

expect... to get justice for sexual

43:44

assault, then you better be perfect.

43:46

Like you better be sinless. Which

43:48

therefore means you better not be

43:50

human because we're all flawed. I

43:52

found it really, I felt hurt

43:54

actually. And also very angry. So

43:56

I wrote this very angry essay

43:58

nonfiction. Very blunt. Which was, you

44:01

know, my point was this is

44:03

bad. And I think I framed

44:05

it in a kind of America

44:07

is not like our... not like

44:09

Nigeria, not like in Guinea, in

44:11

Guinea and Nigeria, the big man

44:13

would probably not be arrested at

44:15

all, so that America did this,

44:17

was wonderful, I felt very heartened

44:19

by it, but America has disappointed

44:22

me, and in some ways has

44:24

failed this woman. But I didn't

44:26

think I would write fiction about

44:28

her, I didn't plan to. So

44:30

when I started writing this novel,

44:32

again, a character came to me.

44:34

And so I think it means

44:36

that even without knowing it, I

44:38

carried her with me. And then

44:40

suddenly, something drops into your life

44:42

and changes it forever. For me,

44:45

there was just a great sadness

44:47

there. Like, I felt, yeah, I

44:49

felt so upset on her behalf.

44:51

But anyway, so I wrote this

44:53

character, who is not really her,

44:55

because I've invented this character's interior

44:57

life, but I have kept the

44:59

worn story about them. Nafisato Jello,

45:01

that's her name, the story that

45:03

Nafisato tells about what happened in

45:06

that hotel room. I've kept as

45:08

close as possible to that version

45:10

because I just think that, in

45:12

some ways I think it's a

45:14

way of paying tribute to her,

45:16

but also it's about so many

45:18

women like her. It's about women

45:20

who are powerless and who are

45:22

not allowed to have dignity. The

45:24

way she was, the way they

45:26

talked about her just... It wounded

45:29

my African spirit. My parents said,

45:31

oh, let me, oh, oh, no,

45:33

it would him. It just, it

45:35

wounded, it painted, it wounded me.

45:37

I just thought, this is so

45:39

wrong. And even the interviews that,

45:41

I mean, I kind of fictionalize

45:43

it in the novel, but there's

45:45

an interview where I'm watching and

45:47

I'm thinking, they haven't done this

45:50

right. English is not her native

45:52

language. Right. And so you're asking

45:54

her about something so intimate and

45:56

so difficult in a language that

45:58

she doesn't really speak well. It

46:00

cannot go well. In some ways

46:02

you're setting her up to look

46:04

as though she's lying. And I

46:06

remember a friend of mine who

46:08

said to me at the time

46:11

that she had watched the interview

46:13

and she said, oh, I don't

46:15

believe her because she was so

46:17

dramatic. She was using her hands

46:19

too much. And that made me

46:21

very angry as well. I thought,

46:23

first of all, you don't understand.

46:25

There's an African world in which

46:27

that is not dramatic. in her

46:29

ability to express herself, you know.

46:31

So anyway, all of that is

46:34

to say this character is inspired

46:36

by Anafizato Jello, but isn't her?

46:38

You know, it's interesting that you

46:40

say the thing about the public

46:42

trials and all of it. I

46:44

don't know if this is still

46:46

true, but I believe in Germany,

46:48

when a case is happening, you

46:50

know, when you're being investigated, the

46:52

press isn't allowed to report on

46:55

it. And they have a very

46:57

strict system. that tries to prevent

46:59

the press from sensationalizing the case

47:01

in any way. So it's supposed

47:03

to be the way you're saying,

47:05

which I actually think would be

47:07

good for everyone involved, because I

47:09

think, number one, there's nothing worse

47:11

than a public trial, because it

47:13

does not have any of the

47:15

respect or the expertise of a

47:18

trial, right? The most recent example,

47:20

let's say like the ditty thing,

47:22

the amount of random stuff that

47:24

now comes up. doesn't help anything.

47:26

So what happens is someone can

47:28

put up a fake piece of

47:30

a fake, you know, deposition or

47:32

whatever it might be, and it's

47:34

sallies. Somebody's case that's not involved

47:36

with that, do you know what

47:39

I mean? But it's just the

47:41

spectacle of it all. It just

47:43

creates noise and it creates another

47:45

example is the Luigi Mangioni. Oh,

47:47

but we like to see Luigi.

47:49

Yeah, but what I was saying

47:51

is, but I was going like,

47:53

you tell me, you tell me

47:55

how you have that trial when

47:57

publicly they've already said, you know,

47:59

the shooter and when he shot

48:02

and how do you now then

48:04

have a trial of somebody when

48:06

when that's already been done? And

48:08

you see, it's interesting when you

48:10

say that and you talk about

48:12

the purp walk. I can think

48:14

of maybe at least 10 examples

48:16

in the book where the fiction

48:18

of this book still comments on

48:20

the realness of America. And it's

48:23

like a critique on it. So,

48:25

you know, American academia. how people

48:27

are discussing issues in and around

48:29

the world and how they feel

48:31

they can and cannot have the

48:33

discussions. The justice system. The character

48:35

says in America money is justice.

48:37

Yes. Which was very powerful to

48:39

me because you just sue. Yeah.

48:41

Do you know that's like it?

48:43

Yeah. Yeah. And I should say

48:46

that I agree with the character

48:48

in my just utter horror. Yeah.

48:50

I remember when I came to

48:52

the US and they would say

48:54

things like, oh, something terrible happened.

48:56

But the family got money. you

48:58

know somebody was shot maybe and

49:00

then somebody be like oh the

49:02

family got money and I'm thinking

49:04

yeah but why are you talking

49:07

about it like that's so I

49:09

mean yeah somebody died yeah yeah

49:11

but fundamentally that's what America was

49:13

based on and I think every

49:15

culture thinks that justice is the

49:17

thing that the culture most values

49:19

I don't you don't think think

49:21

about like if like okay if

49:23

I think about like some parts

49:25

of South Africa I remember talking

49:27

to Kaya about this, like a

49:30

friend of mine from South Africa,

49:32

and his dad was, his grandfather

49:34

was a chief in the village.

49:36

And if they found some, or

49:38

very seldom, but if somebody stole

49:40

something or if they did something

49:42

wrong, you would just get beaten,

49:44

right? You would, you wouldn't get

49:46

arrested, you wouldn't get put away,

49:48

you wouldn't, you just get beaten,

49:51

and then they would talk to

49:53

you and say, please don't do

49:55

that again. That's all it was.

49:57

And him and I were joking.

49:59

about it saying it's interesting how

50:01

in that setting in particular in

50:03

like a village you know where

50:05

many of our grandparents grew up that

50:07

was the thing that you like well so

50:10

what was valued violence no no no it

50:12

was the other way around our culture valued

50:14

non-violence and our culture valued like the culture

50:16

itself it was like a very like that's

50:19

not the thing that that we want do

50:21

you do you understand what I'm saying if

50:23

so if the violence the violence takes away

50:25

from you the thing that the culture

50:28

holds most valuable, I find. So in

50:30

some parts of the world, time is

50:32

the thing that they really look at.

50:34

Other places in the world think that

50:36

shame is a more powerful tool. So

50:38

their sentences may not be as long, but

50:40

how they handle the case is worse. But

50:43

I feel like in America, because money,

50:45

whether we like it or not, money is

50:47

like almost the foundation of America, they

50:49

go then if we give you money,

50:52

you have been made whole. And the

50:54

other person lost money, so they've really

50:56

been punished. And also

50:58

now money being speech. I mean

51:00

in this country, I mean, of

51:03

all completely. But anyway, let's

51:05

talk about dream counts. But I

51:07

feel like dream counts is everything.

51:09

I agree with you. Like

51:12

for instance, academia, let's talk

51:14

a little bit about that. Yeah.

51:16

It felt like the book was

51:18

making a criticism of

51:20

how America's liberal academia

51:22

treats discussions. Contrarians,

51:25

arguments, etc. And I found myself

51:27

reading it going like, I was

51:29

like, oh, I wonder how much

51:32

of this Chimamanda thinks or is

51:34

it just the character that's thinking?

51:36

Like what do you think of

51:38

the current state of America's

51:41

academia and how students are taught

51:43

to think or not think? I

51:45

think that's fairly obvious. No, is

51:47

it though? I think it's a fairy

51:50

and actually it's a reading that I

51:52

agree with, which is like, the book is.

51:54

is clearly not

51:57

enthusiastic. Right.

51:59

about the form and even the

52:02

function of American academia today. I

52:04

mean, obviously. But so you have

52:06

a woman who's Nigerian and who

52:08

doesn't know anything about that whole

52:10

thing, who comes looking for something

52:12

better than she is, right? So

52:15

she's come from. She's come from

52:17

a life in Nigeria that she

52:19

thinks she kind of wants to

52:21

atone for, in a way. And

52:23

so America becomes this, I want

52:25

to find something noble and beautiful

52:27

and good and honorable, because America

52:30

is aspirational still, even to people

52:32

who know that it's a very

52:34

complicated place. There's still an aspirational

52:36

element to America. And so she

52:38

comes and she wants to do

52:40

a master. And she wants to

52:42

study pornography. I think we should

52:45

be able to say that. You

52:47

can say that, yes. So, pornography,

52:49

pornography. And she, so it's interesting

52:51

for me, it's the writer, to

52:53

look at this world from the

52:55

point of view of a person

52:57

who just does not know it

53:00

and is not familiar with it.

53:02

So this person is just taken

53:04

aback, surprised, just like, you know,

53:06

what is going on? And also

53:08

then she becomes so disillusioned by

53:10

it. I think if someone wants

53:12

to read that as a cautionary

53:15

tale, I'm not opposed to it.

53:17

Okay. Okay. I mean, this is

53:19

what can happen, which is you

53:21

can make people lose that thing

53:23

in them that wants to be

53:25

better and dream and aspire. You

53:27

know, there's something actually, I think,

53:30

quite cynical about, and it's not,

53:32

it's not an obvious cynicism, but

53:34

there's something quite cynical about the

53:36

way that academia. operates. It doesn't

53:38

feel to me, I don't know,

53:40

there's something, the beautiful things that

53:42

are lacking. So it's not just

53:44

about, it's not just about letting

53:47

our imaginations be free and we

53:49

should be able to exchange ideas.

53:51

It's also just more fundamental things

53:53

like compassion. Do you know? And

53:55

I don't even like to use

53:57

kindness because that word is so

53:59

overused and always by people who

54:02

are spectacularly unkind. So I will

54:04

not use kindness but compassion. Do

54:06

you? No, I'm with you. the

54:08

ability to understand that there are

54:10

multiple points of view in the

54:12

world. It's a very strange thing

54:14

because, and I'm a person who

54:17

grew up on a university campus,

54:19

so academia has always been part

54:21

of my life, like it's my,

54:23

I get into a university campus

54:25

anywhere in the world and I'm

54:27

already at home, like it's just,

54:29

I feel comfortable. And you will

54:32

think, and this is what it

54:34

was like in Osaka when I

54:36

was growing up, it was a

54:38

place of, of, of, you know,

54:40

multi, ideas, people, and that's not

54:42

the case in America. It's not

54:44

the case at all. And sometimes

54:47

it's difficult to talk about because

54:49

I, you know, you don't want

54:51

to, sometimes one doesn't want to

54:53

agree with one's enemies. political rights

54:55

in this country who I think

54:57

just espouse the most ridiculous ideas,

54:59

but who also criticize American academia.

55:02

And I think there's truth there,

55:04

but acknowledging that kind of, I

55:06

just think, oh, my lord, I

55:08

agree with this people. But my

55:10

feelings come from a different place,

55:12

comes from love, comes from wanting

55:14

this thing that I love to

55:17

be better. That's where it comes

55:19

from a better. That's where it

55:21

comes from. How or what would

55:23

your advice be if, let's say

55:25

there's an aspiring author or even

55:27

just like a... who loves your

55:29

work out there, somebody who is

55:32

in academia right now, they come

55:34

to you and they say, Chimamanda,

55:36

I hear what you're saying about

55:38

empathy and seeing another person's point

55:40

of view, but I feel like

55:42

this person who I disagree with,

55:44

the thing that I disagree with

55:47

them on is the fundamental humanity

55:49

or existence of another human being,

55:51

per se, because that's what I've

55:53

heard a lot of people say,

55:55

they'll go, no, no, no, this

55:57

is not a difference between 30%

55:59

tax and 20% tax and 20%

56:02

tax. I'm disagreeing with somebody who

56:04

fundamentally believes that black people should

56:06

not get this or that this

56:08

group should not get that or

56:10

that you know what I mean.

56:12

How would you encourage them then?

56:14

But I don't I don't even

56:17

agree that that's the case. I

56:19

mean I don't agree that that's

56:21

the case. No, because I think

56:23

that we have... Wait, that they're

56:25

feeling that or that they feel

56:27

that. Okay. But you feel something

56:29

doesn't mean it's true. It doesn't.

56:32

And I think that when you

56:34

widen the definition of something. So

56:36

this is somebody who believes that

56:38

black people should not have, maybe

56:40

that person just feels, maybe that

56:42

person supports school choice. Okay. And

56:44

this is an exact example actually.

56:47

I know somebody who is very

56:49

upset because somebody supports school choice,

56:51

and then the very strange conclusion

56:53

was that this person who supports

56:55

school choice doesn't like black people.

56:57

That's not, I mean, you could

56:59

feel that, but that's not necessarily

57:02

rational thinking. So I guess my

57:04

point is, it's either people have

57:06

become incredibly terrible in the past

57:08

20 years, or something has changed

57:10

in the way in our capacity

57:12

to have compassion, to be more

57:14

broad-minded, to think in more complex

57:17

ways. My point being that 20

57:19

years ago, I don't think we,

57:21

this was happening. In other words,

57:23

universities were places where places were

57:25

places where you could still exchange

57:27

ideas. You weren't terrified of saying

57:29

something because you'd be blacklisted for

57:32

saying the wrong thing. So, which

57:34

is it? Is it that there

57:36

are many more people now who

57:38

fundamentally just have these really odious

57:40

beliefs about other human beings? You

57:42

said that's, you said something about

57:44

wearing our politics more closely. Is

57:47

that what it is and has

57:49

it then tainted the way we

57:51

look and the way we judge

57:53

and the conclusions that we draw?

57:55

So. As I say often, I

57:57

have a very dim view of

57:59

human nature, it's very hopsy and

58:02

so I've always thought people are

58:04

terrible and I still think they're

58:06

terrible. I don't think that's true.

58:08

I really, I'll ask this guy.

58:10

Christina works on its guilty, until

58:12

proven innocence, that's how she works

58:14

with all humans to say she

58:17

needs to me. Like my father

58:19

and his two brothers miraculously survived

58:21

Biafra and considering what they've gone

58:23

through, they are such... good and

58:25

compassionate and empathetic and non-suspicious people.

58:27

You would think I went through

58:29

the war, but then what I

58:32

tell my therapist is that the

58:34

generational trauma is that I'm hyper-figilant.

58:36

I'm probably speaking nonsense. But what

58:38

I do say is some people

58:40

have a more dim view of

58:42

human nature. And if that is

58:44

true, because... Because I always say,

58:46

you know, there are racists, racists,

58:49

neither outlets, sometimes they're Twitter, like

58:51

there are some people who have

58:53

odious points of view. There's people

58:55

that do not see my humanity.

58:57

How do we go from there?

58:59

Because I think there's, maybe there's

59:01

an in-between. Yeah, but I don't

59:04

think that those other people were

59:06

talking about though, that's my point.

59:08

Oh, okay. So in these circles

59:10

that, you know, so people on

59:12

university campuses who, you know, Don't

59:14

feel comfortable Saying what they think

59:16

and not the crazy racists on

59:19

Twitter the crazy racists on Twitter

59:21

do not interest me because I

59:23

don't think It's even worth. I

59:25

mean, there's some people that you

59:27

shouldn't even bother engaging with or

59:29

trying to change their mind talking

59:31

about the fringe or no You're

59:34

talking about maybe the masses, the

59:36

collective in the middle, or somewhere

59:38

in the middle. Yes, and I

59:40

think it's important to say that

59:42

because sometimes I think that instead

59:44

of talking about that, we then

59:46

sort of reach for the fringes

59:49

as examples. As a justification. Yeah,

59:51

it's kind of also like saying

59:53

that people who think that women,

59:55

there are in this country, many

59:57

people who still, I mean, people

59:59

in this government, who think that

1:00:01

just by virtue of being a

1:00:04

woman, you're somehow incapable of certain

1:00:06

things, right. Right. I don't mean

1:00:08

those people. So the atmosphere on

1:00:10

university campuses today in this country

1:00:12

just seems to me, and so

1:00:14

when Trevor says and someone says,

1:00:16

well, I can't speak to them

1:00:19

because fundamentally they believe something that

1:00:21

is so... And so that's my

1:00:23

point. I'm thinking, did many people

1:00:25

suddenly turn or did our own

1:00:27

perception change? Because these people that

1:00:29

somehow have become sober that you

1:00:31

can never speak to them again.

1:00:34

They're kind of in your circle.

1:00:36

I mean, they were there 20

1:00:38

years ago, right? I mean, they're

1:00:40

not in the fringes of Twitter.

1:00:42

They're in your community. Yeah. Yeah.

1:00:44

And so what is it that

1:00:46

has happened? It just feels to

1:00:49

me a kind of confusing, I

1:00:51

don't fully understand it, but I

1:00:53

don't trust it. So I don't,

1:00:55

I don't. Okay, yeah, I get

1:00:57

it. Okay, so I'll, this is

1:00:59

how I think about it. One,

1:01:01

I think social media dramatically changed

1:01:04

our perception of where people sit

1:01:06

in reality, right? It gave us

1:01:08

a flattened view of people, because

1:01:10

that's what gets the algorithm, it's

1:01:12

what ropes us in. So I

1:01:14

will see the worst of you.

1:01:16

Because the worst of you is

1:01:19

what inflames me the most. Well,

1:01:21

I'll only see the best of

1:01:23

you because it attaches me to

1:01:25

you. But the nuance is boring,

1:01:27

you know, so and they show

1:01:29

you this with the algorithm. Like

1:01:31

if you sit down with the

1:01:34

engineers, they'll show you, if somebody

1:01:36

writes, it's a lovely day outside,

1:01:38

it'll go nowhere. If you say,

1:01:40

best day ever, it goes somewhere.

1:01:42

And if you say worst day

1:01:44

ever, it goes somewhere. But if

1:01:46

you use adjectives and descriptors that

1:01:49

are like, they don't evoke something

1:01:51

extreme. It doesn't really do anything.

1:01:53

If you wrote a little tweet

1:01:55

about a president and you said,

1:01:57

you know, this president's not great,

1:01:59

but they're not the worst, and

1:02:01

I guess everyone has their flaws,

1:02:04

it's not gonna go anywhere. It's

1:02:06

not gonna go anywhere. It's not

1:02:08

gonna go anywhere. It's not gonna

1:02:10

go anywhere. It's not gonna go

1:02:12

anywhere. It's not gonna go anywhere.

1:02:14

It's not gonna go anywhere. It's

1:02:16

not gonna go anywhere. It's not

1:02:19

gonna go anywhere. It's not gonna

1:02:21

go anywhere. You go, this president

1:02:23

is destroying this country. They are

1:02:25

the worst thing. And I think

1:02:27

that started to filter into the

1:02:29

discourse in American politics. And I

1:02:31

think politicians, I genuinely put a

1:02:34

lot of blame at their feet.

1:02:36

Because I think American politicians spent

1:02:38

a lot of time using the

1:02:40

language that really only wrestlers should

1:02:42

use about their opponents. You know?

1:02:44

So they would come out there

1:02:46

and they would say things like,

1:02:49

I remember the daily show yet,

1:02:51

but... in our first few years

1:02:53

we went to New Hampshire for

1:02:55

the primaries. And I remember being

1:02:57

so shocked at how Lindsay Graham's

1:02:59

team was buddy-buddy with Hillary Clinton's

1:03:01

team. And Lindsay Graham would send

1:03:04

Hillary Clinton birthday messages and talk

1:03:06

about her family. When you saw

1:03:08

these people on a stage speaking

1:03:10

about each other, they didn't even

1:03:12

mince words. They would say, this

1:03:14

person is going to destroy this

1:03:16

country. They're killing this country. You

1:03:19

know, and I've spoken to people

1:03:21

who are. far smarter than me

1:03:23

in the world of politics and

1:03:25

they say it all started with

1:03:27

Clinton around the Monica Lewinsky. They

1:03:29

say that's when American politics became

1:03:31

personal and like quote-unquote evil not

1:03:34

evil. You know, it was created

1:03:36

by Newt Gingrich. Yeah, yeah, but

1:03:38

I think that's where it became

1:03:40

a thing. So if your leaders

1:03:42

are saying, you see now this

1:03:44

is where now we come back

1:03:46

to other politics. One

1:03:48

of the things I've loved about

1:03:50

going back to South Africa frequently

1:03:52

is realizing that even in the

1:03:54

doldrums of fighting in politics, I've

1:03:56

never heard a politician. the other

1:03:58

person is a devil or they're

1:04:01

destroying the country or they don't

1:04:03

agree with how they're doing it.

1:04:05

They'll say they're incompetent at their

1:04:07

job, they haven't met service delivery,

1:04:09

but I really, I made my

1:04:11

memory. Those are tax, think of

1:04:13

the things that people have said,

1:04:15

right, about other politicians, and then

1:04:17

think of how incongruous that is

1:04:19

with them and how they are

1:04:21

with each other. They have lunch

1:04:23

together, they have dinner together, they,

1:04:25

right? What then happens is... their

1:04:27

fans then adopt a thing that

1:04:29

they don't believe in. But now

1:04:31

the fans are the ones who

1:04:33

control the theater of it all,

1:04:35

the spectacle. And I don't know

1:04:37

if you, there's a really amazing

1:04:39

documentary I watched about Vince McMahon.

1:04:41

It's fascinating, even if you don't

1:04:43

like wrestling, I recommend everybody watch

1:04:45

this thing. Vince McMahon is the

1:04:47

man who basically made wrestling what

1:04:49

it is today, right? I promise

1:04:51

you know, don't, you, it's even

1:04:53

better if you don't like wrestling,

1:04:55

in fact. Go and watch it.

1:04:57

And one of the most revealing

1:04:59

of a life is so short.

1:05:01

Let me tell you how much

1:05:03

I want to watch. I would

1:05:05

not recommend this to you if

1:05:07

I did not believe it would

1:05:09

give you an insight into America

1:05:11

that very few documentaries can, right?

1:05:13

Because one of the main things

1:05:15

that shows you is how like,

1:05:17

there's a point where, long story

1:05:19

short, the wrestling federations are splitting.

1:05:21

And the wrestlers decide before these,

1:05:23

like a few of the wrestlers

1:05:25

leave, they decide they're gonna give

1:05:27

each other a big hug on

1:05:29

the stage and they're gonna. they'll

1:05:31

basically drop the facade and you

1:05:33

should see the crowd in the

1:05:35

way they react. The crowd, I

1:05:37

was like, but truly they know

1:05:39

that it's not real. The crowd

1:05:41

got very angry. The crowd got,

1:05:43

they were furious. They were, they

1:05:45

were, they were, they were like,

1:05:47

how, how could you, how could

1:05:49

Sean Michael's, hug, you know, triple

1:05:51

age, how, how, how it was?

1:05:53

And I was like, oh, yeah,

1:05:55

this is, this in many ways

1:05:58

is what I think has happened

1:06:00

with American politics, American politics and

1:06:02

to discourse. So these are my,

1:06:04

these are our enemies. People then

1:06:06

adopted them. Do you now discuss

1:06:08

with your enemy? I think we're

1:06:10

putting too much blame on politicians.

1:06:12

Oh no, I'm not putting all

1:06:14

of it. And not on responsibility

1:06:16

on... On individuals? Yeah, and also,

1:06:18

I mean, which came first? What

1:06:20

you said about social media, I

1:06:22

agree more with, which is... Yeah,

1:06:24

I mean, this whole politician thing.

1:06:26

You think everybody watches politicians? I

1:06:28

mean... I think everybody's affected by

1:06:30

them. I think Donald Trump has

1:06:32

shifted. Yeah, but he's running a

1:06:34

cult. No, but yeah, it's different.

1:06:36

Aren't they all in some way,

1:06:38

shape, or form? The Democrats is

1:06:40

a bad cult. No, but it's

1:06:42

still, but I'm saying like, let's

1:06:44

take the Democrats away. Let's look

1:06:46

at people because the Republicans also

1:06:48

weren't great. Obama. Yeah, we talked

1:06:50

about it with Josh where he

1:06:52

said, that's why he calls him

1:06:54

white Obama. represented to so many

1:06:56

people, especially black people, Trump represents

1:06:58

to like so many white people

1:07:00

where they go, ah, this is

1:07:02

our moment, this is our, the

1:07:04

sort of lost dream, the lost

1:07:06

idea, and it's a comedy premise,

1:07:08

but he's not going, these are

1:07:10

the same people, he's just saying

1:07:12

for them, that is their promise,

1:07:14

you know what I mean? One

1:07:16

speaks to the darkness, the other

1:07:18

speaks to the light, and there's

1:07:20

an overlap in their voters, and

1:07:22

they both speak to some aspirations,

1:07:24

but in different ways. He ugly,

1:07:26

you know, it's hope but in

1:07:28

different directions Okay, Obama goes hope

1:07:30

you're not sold. I love it

1:07:32

No, no, I'm not I mean

1:07:34

Chema Man is not sold on

1:07:36

anything though. I like it. No,

1:07:38

I mean, this is true. This

1:07:40

is true. The same Christianos is

1:07:42

not sold. I don't expect to

1:07:44

sell you on something No, I

1:07:46

am sold on something No, I'm

1:07:48

just thinking about it. And yeah,

1:07:50

whatever it's not interesting to me

1:07:52

So yeah, so I will say

1:07:54

this for the I think it's

1:07:57

a lot harder. I understand where

1:07:59

a student or any person comes,

1:08:01

and I, to talk of empathy,

1:08:03

I understand it in all ways,

1:08:05

to be honest with you. I

1:08:07

can see somebody who goes, know,

1:08:09

this country, we have to completely

1:08:11

change this and it's gone to

1:08:13

the dogs, quote unquote. But then

1:08:15

I also understand somebody who says

1:08:17

a lot of the language you're

1:08:19

using or a lot of these

1:08:21

ideas, you don't even know where

1:08:23

they came from. So you may

1:08:25

be thinking of it just through

1:08:27

the lens of school choice. But

1:08:29

for many people. who have like

1:08:31

dug into the trenches of where

1:08:33

ideas come from, you start to

1:08:35

realize that some of the ideas

1:08:37

are innocuous in their sound, but

1:08:39

where they were written, you know

1:08:41

what I mean? Like how they

1:08:43

were created. That's fair, that's fair.

1:08:45

But the person who supports school

1:08:47

choice does not know. I agree

1:08:49

with this history. I agree with

1:08:51

the competition that that person should

1:08:53

know and then that person is

1:08:55

judged on that and then that

1:08:57

person is ignored and blacklisted. But

1:08:59

that person does not know. Yes.

1:09:01

And it's also this new world

1:09:03

where you're not even a lot

1:09:05

of curiosity is dead. And I

1:09:07

as a person who just I

1:09:09

love learning and I just keep

1:09:11

thinking what what have we lost

1:09:13

in this new sort of world

1:09:15

where people don't even Even to

1:09:17

ask a question, you're uncomfortable. I

1:09:19

remember when I spoke at an

1:09:21

Ivy League university, which will be

1:09:23

unnamed, and so I had a

1:09:25

few of the students in a

1:09:27

sort of private meeting where I

1:09:29

just, because I like to know

1:09:31

what young people are really thinking

1:09:33

away from the grown-ups. And so

1:09:35

we started talking and then I

1:09:37

said, you know, I knew if

1:09:39

you have like uncomfortable to say

1:09:41

what you really think. Everyone was

1:09:43

like, no. And then one person

1:09:45

goes, yeah, but sometimes, and suddenly

1:09:47

all of them were like, yeah,

1:09:49

sometimes. And even that struck me,

1:09:51

because I remember thinking, we've gone

1:09:54

from that kind of almost forced

1:09:56

conformity to suddenly thinking, okay, maybe

1:09:58

I can actually say what I'm

1:10:00

really thinking, right? And there was

1:10:02

something about it that just made

1:10:04

me sad, because I thought they

1:10:06

were graduating. And I thought, what

1:10:08

have they lost out on learning

1:10:10

in the four years they've been

1:10:12

here? Because they've been too onshore,

1:10:14

uncomfortable about asking questions. And again,

1:10:16

so what I mean about these

1:10:18

kids are not the fringe on

1:10:20

Twitter. Do you know what I

1:10:22

mean? But they already know that

1:10:24

I better be careful, otherwise somebody

1:10:26

would think that I'm... A

1:10:28

person who hits black people. Yeah, yeah,

1:10:30

no, I'm with you. Yeah. And so

1:10:32

I don't know, it just made me,

1:10:35

it just made me so sad. Do

1:10:37

you think that's a byproduct of who

1:10:39

actually holds the power in universities? You

1:10:41

know, like you see funding being pulled,

1:10:43

you see rich donors saying if you

1:10:45

teach that, then I'm pulling my funding,

1:10:47

if you... Yeah, I think a large

1:10:49

part of America's academia problem is money.

1:10:51

There's just so much money that... I

1:10:53

mean even the entitlement of the students

1:10:56

is about money too. I mean the

1:10:58

trophies are high. Yeah high, right? They

1:11:00

are high. And so students feel like

1:11:02

well I've bought this. I mean when

1:11:04

I was when I taught creative writing

1:11:06

at Princeton when I was doing a

1:11:08

fellowship. And I remember a student coming

1:11:10

to me and saying you gave me

1:11:12

a C. I've never gotten a C

1:11:14

in my life. And I was like,

1:11:17

uh-huh, how is that my problem? I

1:11:19

said, can we, I can show you

1:11:21

why? I mean, so I thought, if

1:11:23

the student had come to me to

1:11:25

say, I want to prove to you

1:11:27

that you've kind of, you know, here's

1:11:29

why I should not get the C,

1:11:31

here's the thing on my paper, but

1:11:33

no. The student said, I have never

1:11:35

had a C in my life, this

1:11:37

is my first C, and so I

1:11:40

want you to change it. But my

1:11:42

dear, this is your grade because this

1:11:44

is what you wrote in your paper.

1:11:46

And we can discuss your paper. But

1:11:48

you know, I feel like... So it's

1:11:50

money, money, no really, and then, you

1:11:52

know, they have so much money and

1:11:54

the endowments, but there's, you know, people

1:11:56

are giving them money and so they

1:11:58

have special dinner. for them and so

1:12:01

money I think is a major problem

1:12:03

and that's happening so much more this

1:12:05

whole you know I'm going to I

1:12:07

won't I will withhold my my my

1:12:10

promised grant if you don't do and

1:12:12

then I think Israel Israel Palestine has

1:12:14

really made that so much more you

1:12:16

know whether like if you doing that therefore

1:12:19

and I just think I also just

1:12:21

wish that universities were not so

1:12:23

beholden to people who have money

1:12:26

because then they I think they would

1:12:28

be more courageous I think there's

1:12:30

a large part of me that is

1:12:32

disillusioned, disappointed. That's

1:12:34

what I mean about longing from

1:12:37

I, I'm like on my low-going

1:12:39

dream account. I want, I'm longing

1:12:41

for what is noble, what is

1:12:43

beautiful, I want heroes, I

1:12:45

want people I can look

1:12:47

up to and admire and

1:12:49

learn from. I think there's

1:12:51

a large part of me

1:12:53

that is disillusion, disappointed, even

1:12:55

heartbroken. I hide it in

1:12:57

sarcasm, but it's all there.

1:12:59

Don't go anywhere because we

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you think there's a part of you

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You know, this happens to everyone in

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the public space. You and I were

1:14:42

talking about this. I have experienced this.

1:14:45

Almost everyone has. There will be a

1:14:47

moment where it feels like you are

1:14:49

a hero. And then it feels like

1:14:51

the natural part of that journey is

1:14:53

to now... be the villain or to

1:14:56

have like, you know, and I don't

1:14:58

know if it's art imitating life or

1:15:00

vice versa. So like your place high

1:15:02

up that the only. Yeah, like I

1:15:04

think about how if you and I

1:15:07

had a conversation, I remember our first

1:15:09

conversation, it was like I was speaking

1:15:11

to Jesus. No, really, that's how people.

1:15:13

Jimma, they're like, wow, you're going to

1:15:15

speak to Jim, oh, wow, I, oh,

1:15:18

I, ask her how, how, but it

1:15:20

was, it was such a, in a

1:15:22

beautiful way, but it was really, but

1:15:24

people were like, wow, oh, I, and

1:15:26

you know, your words were gospel and

1:15:28

this whole thing, and then I remember

1:15:31

saying now to people, I was like,

1:15:33

oh, I'm going to speak to Jimma,

1:15:35

and they were like, oh, yeah, get

1:15:37

you get you in trouble, you might

1:15:39

get in a little trouble, they might

1:15:42

get in a little trouble, they might

1:15:44

get in a little trouble, they might

1:15:46

get in a little trouble, they might

1:15:48

be like, they might be like, they

1:15:50

might be like, they might be like,

1:15:53

they might be like, they might be

1:15:55

like, they might be like, they might

1:15:57

be like, they might be like, like,

1:15:59

like, like, like, like, like, like, like,

1:16:01

like, like, like, like, like, like, like,

1:16:04

like Yeah, no, well, I mean, you're

1:16:06

not on social media, I guess, but

1:16:08

I don't know if it's because people

1:16:10

wish for it to be the natural

1:16:12

progression or if, sort of going to

1:16:14

what we started with, your fame, sort

1:16:17

of metastasizes for some people. they wish

1:16:19

for you to be. They create an

1:16:21

idea of everything that you must think.

1:16:23

And if you deviate at any point

1:16:25

from what they think you think, then

1:16:28

they go, the whole thing must come

1:16:30

down. Does that make sense? That's interesting.

1:16:32

How would it get you in trouble

1:16:34

though? How would what get me in

1:16:36

trouble? Talking to me. Well, everyone has

1:16:39

a different opinion on why. Some people

1:16:41

will be like, oh, you're going to

1:16:43

talk to her, she's anti-trans. How are

1:16:45

you, I mean, are you going to

1:16:47

talk to a transphobic? And I'm like,

1:16:50

I don't think Chimamanda's transphobic. And they're

1:16:52

like, oh, oh, oh, well, you better

1:16:54

check. Then someone else will go, oh,

1:16:56

she's right wing leaning. Then I'm like,

1:16:58

no, you see what she says about

1:17:01

anti-canceil culture. And then, and... at all

1:17:03

costs for my own opinion on something

1:17:05

and then allow the world to in

1:17:07

some way shape or form bump up

1:17:09

against that opinion because I don't live

1:17:11

in isolation. But when I read your

1:17:14

piece on how we, it wasn't cancel

1:17:16

call, you said something was beautiful was

1:17:18

about, was purity or forgive me, I

1:17:20

remember the message but not all the

1:17:22

words, but it was I remember reading

1:17:25

and thinking, damn, this is a really

1:17:27

insightful. messy and honest view on how

1:17:29

we're dealing with conversations in society. You're

1:17:31

failing a purity test and we're writing

1:17:33

people off. And you know, I've said

1:17:36

this to you a thousand times, Christian.

1:17:38

I go, guys, it's not sustainable to

1:17:40

lose your whole family because your uncle

1:17:42

said this thing. I was like, politicians

1:17:44

will come and go, topics will come

1:17:47

and go, the people in your life,

1:17:49

hopefully won't. I'm a big fan of

1:17:51

that, right? This is the reason I'm

1:17:53

not on social media media. I come

1:17:55

through it from a different perspective. how

1:17:57

in America is like, you're right, you're

1:18:00

left, you're right, I think people contain

1:18:02

multiple ideological positions. On some issues, on

1:18:04

some, like right wing meaning on what,

1:18:06

left, there is no one. Yes, yes,

1:18:08

but it's buffet politics. I don't know,

1:18:11

what are right wing ideas? I mean,

1:18:13

right. Even that has to be true,

1:18:15

right? Which is why it's not about,

1:18:17

and I agree with you that nobody,

1:18:19

we're not, we're not pure. I mean,

1:18:22

you know, and especially when you're a

1:18:24

person who comes from, you know, the

1:18:26

reasonable, reasonable regions of the world, that

1:18:28

is Africa, Asia, Latin America, the Middle

1:18:30

East. You kind of understand, you know,

1:18:33

you have uncles who, I have relatives

1:18:35

who. still think that women really should

1:18:37

not be walking outside the home. And

1:18:39

you know, and then there's me. And

1:18:41

we still happen to get along. And

1:18:44

I think that there's certain views that,

1:18:46

some of my views have changed as

1:18:48

I've become older. Even I think in

1:18:50

some ways my feminism has changed. I

1:18:52

think, for example, when I was younger,

1:18:54

I didn't want to talk about women's

1:18:57

bodies, because I felt that this is

1:18:59

how they stigmatized women. I felt like

1:19:01

no, nobody should talk about PMS because

1:19:03

they use that to justify excluding women.

1:19:05

They'll say things like, how can a

1:19:08

woman be president, which has PMS is

1:19:10

going to press the button, right? But

1:19:12

now I realize, actually, men press the

1:19:14

button without... PMS is an excuse. So

1:19:16

maybe women are still the better choice,

1:19:19

right? If we can just get their

1:19:21

home unstable, then we're fine. But men,

1:19:23

my God, no PMS and they're just

1:19:25

doing crazy things. But that has changed

1:19:27

for me. I can list people in

1:19:30

every field, comedians who say, I mean,

1:19:32

now I say a thing that's a

1:19:34

joke. It used to be agreed that

1:19:36

this was a joke. We all knew

1:19:38

that this wasn't real. It's fiction. I

1:19:40

do not want to kill my mother-in-in-in-law.

1:19:43

And now someone goes, oh, for you

1:19:45

to be furthering the idea of violence.

1:19:47

You're like, no, no, no, no, no,

1:19:49

no. You know, like Jimmy Carr says

1:19:51

it really beautifully, the British comedian. He

1:19:54

had this thing that he used to

1:19:56

play at the beginning of his shows

1:19:58

in response to this. And he'd have

1:20:00

a message that would come on and

1:20:02

he would say, hello, I'm Jimmy Carr

1:20:05

and I'm a comedian. I want you

1:20:07

to know that I'm going to be

1:20:09

making some jokes about terrible things about

1:20:11

terrible things. the jokes are not making

1:20:13

the terrible things and the jokes are

1:20:16

not changing the terrible things but these

1:20:18

are the jokes about the things. So

1:20:20

have a good time, these are jokes

1:20:22

and but I was amazed that even

1:20:24

he had to like put that in

1:20:26

his show, do you get what I'm

1:20:29

saying? But I do think though that

1:20:31

I can tell you that I can

1:20:33

tell you that the certain jokes I

1:20:35

will not laugh at, that certain things

1:20:37

I refuse to laugh. It's not like,

1:20:40

oh, it's just my taste. It's more

1:20:42

that I think, in some ways, similar

1:20:44

to what you said about school choice,

1:20:46

about how there are people who know

1:20:48

that maybe deep down the language or

1:20:51

in the foundation of that idea, there's

1:20:53

something that's like, you know, toxic or...

1:20:55

There's something pernicious. Yeah. Yeah. So that's

1:20:57

what I mean about, there's certain jokes

1:20:59

I won't laugh about, because I just,

1:21:02

I think that there's certain jokes that

1:21:04

are not just jokes. but I think

1:21:06

this is a dangerous road to go

1:21:08

down because you're a fiction writer. So

1:21:10

someone could say to you, Chimamanda, your

1:21:13

book, this cannot exist in because it

1:21:15

is not, it is, you know. No,

1:21:17

no, cannot exist. So here's the difference.

1:21:19

Yeah. I will not laugh at that

1:21:21

joke. But I'm not laugh at that

1:21:23

joke. But I'm not going to say

1:21:26

you cannot say that joke. Okay. No,

1:21:28

no, no, no. But that's what I

1:21:30

mean by it. That's what I'm saying

1:21:32

it is taste. And it's racist. And

1:21:34

as comedians, we say, the craft of

1:21:37

what the person is doing in terms

1:21:39

of making a thing funny, they've done.

1:21:41

But we also acknowledging the roots of

1:21:43

it, it is racist. The same way

1:21:45

I can look at like food. Yeah,

1:21:48

and I go like, well, this food

1:21:50

is poisonous, but it's delicious. Do you

1:21:52

know what I mean? And so I

1:21:54

think, I think we're on the same

1:21:56

page there. I'm not saying people should

1:21:59

laugh at everything, I don't think people

1:22:01

should enjoy every book, etc. Yeah, that's

1:22:03

that's what I think you know, we

1:22:05

actually we're saying the same. thing. Yeah.

1:22:07

But no, but Trevor, I want to

1:22:09

go back to you, ask me a

1:22:12

question about making a decision, sort of

1:22:14

almost solo on your own, and I

1:22:16

don't think of it as that kind

1:22:18

of clear-cut dichotomy, because I don't think

1:22:20

it's even possible. Oh, I was saying

1:22:23

clear-cut, I was saying more like how

1:22:25

do you find the balance, like what

1:22:27

do you think the responsibility is, I

1:22:29

lean... Right, we're leaning. I lean towards

1:22:31

thinking. Okay. I really believe in sort

1:22:34

of lucid thinking. Yeah. And I like

1:22:36

clarity. And I'm a writer. I also

1:22:38

like words to mean what they mean.

1:22:40

Hmm. I like clarity of language. I

1:22:42

like clarity of thought. I like thinking

1:22:45

about things. And you know, from the

1:22:47

time I was a little girl. I

1:22:49

just was never a person who went

1:22:51

along with what I was supposed to.

1:22:53

to do or believe. I've always kind

1:22:56

of wanted to, wait, I want to

1:22:58

sit with this for a while and

1:23:00

think about it. But also I want

1:23:02

to make decisions based on knowledge and

1:23:04

information. So I'm very keen on learning.

1:23:06

Like if there's a subject and so

1:23:09

I want to go read about it.

1:23:11

So AI, I have been reading books

1:23:13

about AI because I don't know what

1:23:15

the hell that's about. So now I

1:23:17

know things like this generative AI and

1:23:20

there's predictive AI. And did you know

1:23:22

about the training models? make up my

1:23:24

own mind, it's not that I just

1:23:26

sit there with nothing. I want to,

1:23:28

I want to gather information and then

1:23:31

I want to process it for myself.

1:23:33

You're a student? Yes, I'm a student.

1:23:35

And I always want to be a

1:23:37

student, but what I can tell you

1:23:39

is that I'm never going to be

1:23:42

swayed by criticism. Never. That's never going

1:23:44

to happen. I am the daughter of

1:23:46

James and Gristadici, and it's not going

1:23:48

to happen. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah,

1:23:50

yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah,

1:23:52

yeah. That's it. That's it. That's it.

1:23:55

that I have my opinions. I can,

1:23:57

I, and you know, and I can

1:23:59

have conversations with you about why I

1:24:01

have those opinions. And I'm also very

1:24:03

keen to know why you disagree. You

1:24:06

know, if you're... if you're a person

1:24:08

who can actually make coherent sentences about

1:24:10

what you've said. So yeah. So you

1:24:12

encourage the discourse and the dialogue, but

1:24:14

it has to be grounded in, I

1:24:17

guess, intellectual curiosity. And it seems like

1:24:19

from reading your essays in your work,

1:24:21

a mutual respect. Yes. Because the affront

1:24:23

to you is just like, don't be

1:24:25

disrespectful, which is how I don't disrespect

1:24:28

me, or I'm going to leave. Yes.

1:24:30

If there's disrespect, I will not take

1:24:32

it. I'm just not going to. And

1:24:34

I am loved. I had the best

1:24:36

parents in the world. So I do

1:24:38

not need to campaign for your love.

1:24:41

I don't need to do. I don't

1:24:43

need to change myself for you. If

1:24:45

you like me, I'm happy that you

1:24:47

like me. If you don't like me,

1:24:49

I'm still me. And I wish that

1:24:52

it was easier for more people. Especially

1:24:54

women. There's a line in the book

1:24:56

where one of your characters is basically

1:24:58

talking about... I

1:25:01

think like how the world is shaped

1:25:03

and they basically say something to the

1:25:05

effect of, it's almost like America doesn't

1:25:07

know that the world isn't America. Yes,

1:25:09

really America is America. Yeah, and I

1:25:12

remember having this discussion with a friend

1:25:14

of mine who was taken aback because

1:25:16

they really felt offended and understood why.

1:25:18

Is there anything you do not understand?

1:25:20

No, I tried to understand most things

1:25:23

genuinely. I think everything is understandable. I

1:25:25

think everything is understandable, but I'm just

1:25:27

like agreeing is different, I think. So

1:25:29

I remember... You would make a good

1:25:31

fiction writer. This is actually how we're

1:25:34

supposed to see... You know, you're supposed

1:25:36

to kind of understand everybody's point of

1:25:38

view without necessarily agreeing. Because he's biracial

1:25:40

and he was born in a part-side

1:25:42

stuff. He didn't fit anywhere, so he

1:25:44

had to understand. No, I think so

1:25:47

in many ways. I think the different

1:25:49

bi- I've been forced, I've been trained

1:25:51

from my birth to be that way

1:25:53

as a person. So I had no

1:25:55

one way of celebrating a Christmas. I

1:25:58

had no one way of speaking a

1:26:00

language. I had no one way of

1:26:02

my hair looking, my face looking. I

1:26:04

had no one way of my country

1:26:06

being. I had, so I've never believed

1:26:09

that there is a one way. You

1:26:11

get what I'm saying? So, so I

1:26:13

remember like one of the first ones

1:26:15

that came to me was, I remember,

1:26:17

I told this as a joke in

1:26:20

one of my shows long ago, but

1:26:22

I said, I always found it interesting

1:26:24

that people would mock someone with another

1:26:26

accent, but people would mock someone with

1:26:28

another accent, And that was something that,

1:26:30

so for me, when you talk about

1:26:33

understand, I would always go, yeah, if

1:26:35

somebody has a funny accent, it can

1:26:37

be funny, but don't ever forget that

1:26:39

it means that they speak another language

1:26:41

fluently. That's why they have the accent.

1:26:44

And so, when I think of these

1:26:46

things, I was doing shows in the

1:26:48

Middle East. And my friends said to

1:26:50

me, hey ma'am. I mean, aren't you

1:26:52

conflicted? You go to the Middle East

1:26:55

and you do shows and I said,

1:26:57

what do you want me to be

1:26:59

conflicted about? And they said, well, I

1:27:01

mean, you know, their views on gay

1:27:03

marriage. And I said, it's interesting that

1:27:06

you asked me this because America's views

1:27:08

on gay marriage are not as old

1:27:10

as you think. Like, this is a

1:27:12

now thing. Do you get what I'm

1:27:14

saying? I'm not dismissing it. Far from

1:27:16

it, you know what I mean? But

1:27:19

what I'm saying is, it's interesting how,

1:27:21

for me, when America has finished with

1:27:23

an issue, has decided a place, it

1:27:25

then now goes, that is correct now

1:27:27

for the world. So before gay marriages,

1:27:30

no, gay marriages, no, God, Adam and

1:27:32

Eve, not Adam and Steve, come on,

1:27:34

we all agree on this. America says

1:27:36

gay marriage and then America goes on

1:27:38

a conquest around the world pointing at

1:27:41

every country to be like where's your

1:27:43

gay marriage? And then I go guys

1:27:45

How old is the UAE as a

1:27:47

as a place like as a as

1:27:49

an actual country? How old is it?

1:27:52

And I go if you look at

1:27:54

the advancements they've made in the time

1:27:56

that they've been a country Versus how

1:27:58

long it took America to get to

1:28:00

those places. pretty impressive. Now you want

1:28:03

them to do it overnight because you've

1:28:05

already agreed upon it, but you're not

1:28:07

giving them their time to get to

1:28:09

it, which I think we all do

1:28:11

as people. Why have you not found

1:28:13

Jesus yet? I found Jesus. Then you're

1:28:16

like, yeah, but there's a time when

1:28:18

you hadn't found Jesus. Yes. Yes, but

1:28:20

there's a time when you hadn't found

1:28:22

Jesus. Yes, but now that I found

1:28:24

him, why don't you find Jesus? Do

1:28:27

you know? And it's

1:28:29

true, it's true about Americans. And I

1:28:31

think it comes from, I mean, just

1:28:33

listening to you and, you know, this

1:28:35

person says to you aren't you conflicted,

1:28:37

then you're saying, you know, let's look

1:28:40

at the UAE, how old is it?

1:28:42

Yeah. And I'm just thinking, you know,

1:28:44

that American point of view often comes

1:28:46

from a place of just not knowing

1:28:48

very much about the world. And also

1:28:50

not, I sometimes feel that... That argument

1:28:52

in this country are not rooted in

1:28:55

information and knowledge. It's not just that

1:28:57

often they can feel like performances, but

1:28:59

it would be nice if, so someone

1:29:01

said, why aren't you conflicted? And someone

1:29:03

else says, no, I'm not conflicted. Well,

1:29:05

people like jokes, and so I'm going

1:29:08

to go where people like jokes. I

1:29:10

think that's kind of what you would

1:29:12

often hear in America. Okay. Rather than,

1:29:14

how old is a UAE? how long

1:29:16

does it take a society to evolve?

1:29:18

What are the changes that have happened

1:29:20

that speak to a certain kind of

1:29:23

hopeful progressivism? That doesn't happen. So Trevor

1:29:25

you need to start classes. I mean

1:29:27

this is the class. No, which you

1:29:29

teach people. No, but really I'm just

1:29:31

thinking and I think it is true

1:29:33

about really a lot of things. You

1:29:35

know, I just wish that sometimes if

1:29:38

there was a huge issue of the

1:29:40

day, outrage of the day, that people

1:29:42

would be like, I'm not going to

1:29:44

have an opinion until I've read a

1:29:46

book about it. You know, Trevor's the

1:29:48

king of that, not the book, but

1:29:51

remember at the show, the daily show,

1:29:53

I think it was Jesse Smalet. example,

1:29:55

always come to mind. Jesse Somelay, the

1:29:57

incident happened where he said he was

1:29:59

assaulted by these Trump people. We're doing

1:30:01

the meeting, we're watching the videos, and

1:30:03

you know, people are, oh, this is

1:30:06

so outrageous, this is so sad. Myself,

1:30:08

who's like Trotsky on the far left,

1:30:10

and another writer who I won't name,

1:30:12

but it's pretty right wing, we both

1:30:14

said, there's something not right. And Trevor

1:30:16

said, you see these two people, they

1:30:18

never agree. Guys, let's pause. Trevor said,

1:30:21

we're not going to, we're not going

1:30:23

to cover this. We're not going to

1:30:25

go for like mega racists. And we

1:30:27

had all the roles, because it's like,

1:30:29

it's a big production to get all

1:30:31

these clicks. We had all the roles.

1:30:34

People had to take, people had made

1:30:36

jokes about how it was. And Trevor

1:30:38

was like, let's take a beat. And

1:30:40

this was like on the Monday or

1:30:42

Tuesday. it emerges that you know the

1:30:44

story wasn't what he was professing it

1:30:46

to be and Trevor was like okay

1:30:49

now we're ready and I always think

1:30:51

about that when a story breaks or

1:30:53

there's some hot button issue because I'm

1:30:55

listen I'm always like I'm quite fiery

1:30:57

as you may have gathered I used

1:30:59

to be of the view of like

1:31:01

this is my opinion but Trevor's very

1:31:04

good at Let's take a beat. Let's

1:31:06

read more. I used to be forget

1:31:08

it's frustrated because I'd be like, this

1:31:10

happened to these people. They're dying. And

1:31:12

Trevor said, well, people die every day.

1:31:14

We can't, like, we have to have

1:31:17

an informed response to what's happening. I

1:31:19

feel the same way. So here's where

1:31:21

I have a compassion for people. I

1:31:23

think it's unfair for us to expect

1:31:25

that of people because they are living

1:31:27

in the world that they're living in.

1:31:29

You know? No, I honestly, unfair to

1:31:32

expect it of everyone? Yes, I think,

1:31:34

I think, I'll tell you, I'll tell

1:31:36

you, I'll tell you, no, I'm sorry,

1:31:38

Trevor, no. Yeah, you can disagree with

1:31:40

a certain responsibility. It's unfair to expect

1:31:42

it of people who are deep inside

1:31:44

something. So for example, to say, if

1:31:47

you said to me, it's unfair to

1:31:49

expect people in Gaza. It's unfair to

1:31:51

expect people who live through what happened

1:31:53

in Israel to be rational or objective.

1:31:55

I agree with that. But the average

1:31:57

person, no. We have a responsibility. So

1:32:00

are you Jesus then? Are you above

1:32:02

everyone else? How come you... No, but

1:32:04

really? No, let me explain why. Let

1:32:06

me explain why. Because this argument, I'm

1:32:08

going to say that the foundation of

1:32:10

it is very self-aggrandizing. I'll tell you

1:32:12

why. I love it. So here's what

1:32:15

I think. I think we all have

1:32:17

areas where we are able to see

1:32:19

what others cannot see. It might present

1:32:21

itself differently. I think LeBron James sees

1:32:23

things on a court that most human

1:32:25

beings cannot. That just happens to be

1:32:28

his area where he sees it. There'll

1:32:30

be things that I see that other

1:32:32

people cannot. You can choose a field,

1:32:34

you can choose a world, there are

1:32:36

people who see things that others cannot.

1:32:38

I think in society, once we created

1:32:40

institutions, we created that expertise to institutions.

1:32:43

in a very good way and that

1:32:45

became a lot of what advanced society

1:32:47

right and so like let's let's think

1:32:49

of it this way let's look at

1:32:51

a nutrition label on a box of

1:32:53

something or food when they would say

1:32:55

healthy or whatever people are relying on

1:32:58

the fact that that food has been

1:33:00

inspected and so it is healthy and

1:33:02

so they will ingest it yeah but

1:33:04

that's kind of different though no but

1:33:06

why different from there's a new outreach

1:33:08

of the day Like this story that

1:33:11

you told of the guy who said

1:33:13

someone had mugged him. Yes. And suddenly

1:33:15

people have opinions. My thing is, often

1:33:17

people don't, so I'm... But there's no

1:33:19

book to read on that. What do

1:33:21

you want them to do? But I

1:33:23

think we're not disagreeing all the way.

1:33:26

Are you talking about the reflexive urge

1:33:28

to take a side? Yes. And you

1:33:30

want people to take a beat. Yes.

1:33:32

I'm with you completely on this. Yes.

1:33:34

And so I often also say, go

1:33:36

to the primary source. Go to the

1:33:38

primary source. And I'm just like, where

1:33:41

did you get this from? But Jim,

1:33:43

I mean, I think you are overestimating

1:33:45

people's ability to... know what the source

1:33:47

should be. Like I went to journalism

1:33:49

school and sometimes I've been tricked. I've

1:33:51

been tricked. I've been tricked. In won't

1:33:54

we? You know there's sometimes it's just

1:33:56

like there there was an I think

1:33:58

it was an AI thing I was

1:34:00

sent something recently and I was momentarily

1:34:02

duped until I dug a bit deeper

1:34:04

and I was like oh this is

1:34:06

not true this is manufactured and I

1:34:09

think we assume people to be a

1:34:11

lot more literate than they are. And

1:34:13

that's not coming from an arrogant question.

1:34:15

I'm just flooded with information. And I

1:34:17

tell you, I'm like, sometimes I get

1:34:19

what's up forwards from my auntie. I'm

1:34:21

like, auntie, where did you, especially during

1:34:24

COVID, chew ginger? And I was like,

1:34:26

auntie, but you're like, no, don't get

1:34:28

the vaccine, chew ginger and you'll be

1:34:30

fine, right? And to task that person

1:34:32

with finding the truth, a lot of

1:34:34

people don't know where to start, especially

1:34:37

where we are being flooded with misinformation.

1:34:39

Trevor saying maybe we should have a

1:34:41

bit more grace because not everyone is

1:34:43

able to maneuver. No, I'm saying that

1:34:45

we should not take for granted the

1:34:47

fact that the systems have been corrupted

1:34:49

in such a way that the people

1:34:52

who are looking for the thing are

1:34:54

often the ones who are duped the

1:34:56

most. A perfect example is vaccines, right?

1:34:58

Most of the parents who don't want

1:35:00

to get their kids vaccinated, read more

1:35:02

than the parents who get their kids

1:35:04

vaccinated. They go out there and they

1:35:07

say, I want to do the research.

1:35:09

I want to learn. I want to

1:35:11

inform myself, what is a vaccine? What's

1:35:13

going into my child? What's happening? And

1:35:15

because of that and the information that

1:35:17

they then get their hands on, they

1:35:20

then make the decision to not vaccinate

1:35:22

their child because they think that they

1:35:24

have been able to do quote unquote

1:35:26

more research than an institution or then

1:35:28

a body of science or medicine. And

1:35:30

so in the same way, like you've

1:35:32

gone, you've read a book on artificial

1:35:35

intelligence. That's what I think a lot

1:35:37

of people are doing and I'm not

1:35:39

saying you are doing this by the

1:35:41

way But then someone might go no

1:35:43

I've read a book on artificial intelligence

1:35:45

ergo I now know it for myself

1:35:47

and it's like no no no Trust

1:35:50

me a data scientist and an engineer

1:35:52

who's actually coded that they know it

1:35:54

more than you do the book has

1:35:56

tried to give you some sort of

1:35:58

intro to it, but the expert is

1:36:00

still the expert of it. And so

1:36:03

I think what I mean by all

1:36:05

of this is we, like America's an example,

1:36:07

I used to think that a

1:36:09

lot of America's decisions were from

1:36:11

like a lack of knowledge, and

1:36:13

I think it is in many ways,

1:36:15

but I also think it's like

1:36:17

the history of the place, right?

1:36:19

Look at what America was when

1:36:22

it becomes this world power. It's

1:36:24

a coming together, it's a university

1:36:26

of everyone. the brightest thinkers, you

1:36:28

know, the smartest from Eastern Europe,

1:36:30

the most brilliant from like the

1:36:32

UK, it's just this melting part

1:36:34

of the most brilliant human beings

1:36:36

who've come together, and you could

1:36:38

argue at some point, America is

1:36:40

the bastion of like science and

1:36:42

freedom and ideas and thinking and

1:36:44

the schools of different etc, etc,

1:36:46

etc, etc, etc. And I think like

1:36:49

most systems or even like most

1:36:51

people, you can think that that will

1:36:53

just maintain itself, but you might be stuck

1:36:55

in time, and so I think... America still

1:36:57

thinks that it is ahead of the world

1:36:59

in everything, because it may have been at

1:37:02

a time, but I have a lot of compassion

1:37:04

for people who are in that system, because

1:37:06

I go, you know, it's Plato's cave.

1:37:08

If you're in the cave, how can you know

1:37:10

that you're in the cave if the cave

1:37:13

is telling you that it's not a cave?

1:37:15

It's the only world you've ever been in.

1:37:17

So how do I give you that

1:37:19

responsibility? I think we should put the responsibility

1:37:22

at the feet the same way.

1:37:24

I don't think it's our responsibility

1:37:26

to recycle. I think it's the

1:37:28

government's responsibility to make sure that

1:37:30

the things that need to be

1:37:32

recycled aren't even made in the

1:37:34

first place. So I think both

1:37:36

things can be true though. I'm

1:37:38

with you. They're my sister, 100%.

1:37:40

Because I mean... No, they're 100%. And

1:37:42

because I really do believe in the idea

1:37:45

of experts. I really do. Like I

1:37:47

want... This is also the thing I often

1:37:49

say I want a president who knows

1:37:51

more than I do. But yes, we

1:37:53

want experts and yes misinformation

1:37:55

is increasingly a problem. But

1:37:57

I think there is still, and what you see...

1:38:00

about people who read about vaccines.

1:38:02

I mean, I take your point.

1:38:04

But I think that those people,

1:38:06

is it fair to say that

1:38:08

they have already started with a

1:38:10

kind of conspiracy theory point of

1:38:12

view, which will then, I think,

1:38:14

shape where they read? Because if

1:38:16

we are talking about experts, maybe

1:38:18

they should go to the, maybe

1:38:20

the CDC website, but they don't.

1:38:22

To that point, though, what I

1:38:24

think there is... There is no

1:38:27

center right now. You know when

1:38:29

we're talking about the... So that's

1:38:31

the point. That's what I mean

1:38:33

about X. Even the idea of

1:38:35

experts has become corrupted. That's what

1:38:37

I mean. Because don't forget the

1:38:39

CDC were the same ones who

1:38:41

told people not to wear masks.

1:38:43

Because they actually just wanted to

1:38:45

make sure masks didn't get run

1:38:47

out. Like the masks weren't taken

1:38:49

away from the doctors. But they

1:38:52

lied to the people. You see.

1:38:54

So now imagine somebody going... Wait,

1:38:56

they lied. And they go, yeah,

1:38:58

but we lied for good reasons.

1:39:00

The same way, like, any child

1:39:02

therapist will tell you, your kid

1:39:04

doesn't care why you lied. They

1:39:06

just know that you lied. And

1:39:08

now they know that lying is

1:39:10

allowed, even though mommy or daddy

1:39:12

says lying is not allowed, because

1:39:14

they've watched your actions. And I

1:39:16

think that's what I mean, is

1:39:19

like, if somebody has been lied

1:39:21

to by the CDC, and then

1:39:23

that account happened to be true,

1:39:25

and you just need like a

1:39:27

few truths to start sprinkling in

1:39:29

the rest of the lies right

1:39:31

if the if your baseline but

1:39:33

that's CDC action how do we

1:39:35

feel about it I mean can

1:39:37

we really not make a distinction

1:39:39

between I think it was terrible

1:39:41

so do I yes but does

1:39:43

it cause you to then distrust

1:39:46

everything the CDC says no I

1:39:48

think for most rational people it

1:39:50

doesn't but we're in a heightened

1:39:52

time where there is just like

1:39:54

a lot of institutional district I

1:39:56

mean I'm so I my husband

1:39:58

thinks I'm susceptible to cults. Not

1:40:00

like everyone's, everyone's, because it's like,

1:40:02

I think everyone is. Not just

1:40:04

what the algorithm feeds you, but

1:40:06

it's been a destabilizing few years,

1:40:08

and you're, I think everyone's asking

1:40:11

them to have this question, what

1:40:13

is true? And what do I

1:40:15

believe? What am I? And that's

1:40:17

why we're, because of the fear

1:40:19

we're going to all these extremes.

1:40:21

And for a lot of people,

1:40:23

they're just like, the CDC did

1:40:25

this one thing wrong, forget the

1:40:27

CDC. Do you know what I

1:40:29

mean? Whether that's right or not,

1:40:31

I can't really judge, but I

1:40:33

think there's just so much mistrust.

1:40:35

You know, honestly, that's probably one

1:40:38

of the biggest reasons I do

1:40:40

love fiction. One of the biggest

1:40:42

reasons I love fiction is because

1:40:44

I do not have to question

1:40:46

whether it's real or not, and

1:40:48

then I'm more susceptible to the

1:40:50

message that it's giving me. I

1:40:52

mean this, honestly. You said it's

1:40:54

the last frontier? Yeah. Because when

1:40:56

it is fact, who said this?

1:40:58

What's the data? What's the data?

1:41:00

What's the information? And we do

1:41:03

episodes on this all the time.

1:41:05

We talk about these things. The

1:41:07

study was flawed. But with fiction,

1:41:09

I just go, this is the

1:41:11

world you've. I can completely accept,

1:41:13

disagree with, respond to, because in

1:41:15

a weird way fiction creates, I

1:41:17

mean, the most real reality. It

1:41:19

does. It does. You couldn't have

1:41:21

said it better. Probably. People should

1:41:23

read more novels and short stories.

1:41:25

I agree. And sometimes even the

1:41:27

old ones, because there's just lovely

1:41:30

wisdom in them, I think. Do

1:41:32

you have any favorites you'd recommend?

1:41:34

Old or Old? Old, yeah, old.

1:41:36

I really like middle much. I

1:41:38

think it's very, it's very long,

1:41:40

but it's very wise and just

1:41:42

really, I was going to say

1:41:44

it teaches you, but actually it

1:41:46

does. Yeah. You know, in a

1:41:48

way that you're having fun, but

1:41:50

you're also learning and you're in

1:41:52

the hands of a very wise

1:41:55

writer. There's a wonderful writer from

1:41:57

Poland, who wrote this book called

1:41:59

The Beautiful Mrs. And I cannot

1:42:01

pronounce the name, Sydenman. But if

1:42:03

you just go to the beautiful

1:42:05

Mrs. It will come up. I

1:42:07

also just find it very wise.

1:42:09

I love realism. I don't really

1:42:11

like speculative fiction. I'm not interested

1:42:13

in science fiction. I just feel

1:42:15

like I learned the most from

1:42:17

novels because I learn about human

1:42:19

beings and I think it helps

1:42:22

me understand the world and helps

1:42:24

me. Oh, there's something I forgot

1:42:26

to say, which I have to

1:42:28

say. Which is. So increasingly I'm

1:42:30

fascinated by how what people think

1:42:32

is sophisticated is in fact not

1:42:34

at all. I mean, there's a

1:42:36

sense in which the arguments and

1:42:38

the positions are really incredibly... simple

1:42:40

and simplistic. But the people who

1:42:42

talk about them think that they're

1:42:44

very sophisticated. Yes. And I'm thinking

1:42:47

about that because of what you

1:42:49

said about a certain kind of

1:42:51

maybe an insufficient self-knowledge, so in

1:42:53

other words, the way that America

1:42:55

things that it is still... Leading

1:42:57

the world? Yes. Is the same

1:42:59

way that I think certain people

1:43:01

in America think that they're incredibly

1:43:03

sophisticated in their thinking, but actually

1:43:05

it's very provincial and simple? Yes,

1:43:07

that I can agree with. On

1:43:09

that note, thank you. Thank you.

1:43:11

Thank you. Eimela. Thank you very

1:43:14

much. For real, this was too

1:43:16

much fun for me. So Miss

1:43:18

Trotsky, tell me... What

1:43:23

Now with Trevanoa is produced by

1:43:25

Spotify Studios in partnership with Day

1:43:28

Zero Productions. The show is executive

1:43:30

produced by Trevanoa Sunaz Yamine and

1:43:32

Jody Avigan. Our senior producer is

1:43:35

Jess Hackel, Claire Slaughter, is our

1:43:37

producer. Music, mixing, and mastering by

1:43:40

Hannis Brown. Thank you so much

1:43:42

for listening. Join me next Thursday

1:43:44

for another episode of What Now.

1:44:00

This episode is brought to you by National

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is brought to you by

1:44:04

National Education Association. campaign NEA's

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a Across America campaign celebrates

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a nation of diverse

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readers and teaching books, authors, and

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teaching resources that promote

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diversity and inclusion. However,

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certain politicians are banning books

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